Abstract:
:bTREK-1 K(+) channels set the resting membrane potential of bovine adrenal zona fasciculata (AZF) cells and function pivotally in the physiology of cortisol secretion. Adrenocorticotropic hormone controls the function and expression of bTREK-1 channels through signaling mechanisms that may involve cAMP and downstream effectors including protein kinase A (PKA) and exchange protein 2 directly activated by cAMP (Epac2). Using patch-clamp and Northern blot analysis, we explored the regulation of bTREK-1 mRNA and K(+) current expression by cAMP analogs and several of their putative metabolites in bovine AZF cells. At concentrations sufficient to activate both PKA and Epac2, 8-bromoadenosine-cAMP enhanced the expression of both bTREK-1 mRNA and K(+) current. N(6)-Benzoyladenosine-cAMP, which activates PKA but not Epac, also enhanced the expression of bTREK-1 mRNA and K(+) current measured at times from 24 to 96 h. An Epac-selective cAMP analog, 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-2'-O-methyl-cAMP (8CPT-2'-OMe-cAMP), potently stimulated bTREK-1 mRNA and K(+) current expression, whereas the nonhydrolyzable Epac activator 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-2'-O-methyl-cAMP, Sp-isomer was ineffective. Metabolites of 8CPT-2'-OMe-cAMP, including 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-2'-O-methyladenosine-5'-O-monophosphate and 8CPT-2'-OMe-adenosine, promoted the expression of bTREK-1 transcripts and ion current with a temporal pattern, potency, and effectiveness resembling that of the parent compound. Likewise, at low concentrations, 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP (8CPT-cAMP; 30 microM) but not its nonhydrolyzable analog 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP, Sp-isomer, enhanced the expression of bTREK-1 mRNA and current. 8CPT-cAMP metabolites, including 8CPT-adenosine and 8CPT-adenine, also increased bTREK-1 expression. These results indicate that cAMP increases the expression of bTREK-1 mRNA and K(+) current through a cAMP-dependent but Epac2-independent mechanism. They further demonstrate that one or more metabolites of 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP analogs potently stimulate bTREK-1 expression by activation of a novel cAMP-independent mechanism. These findings raise significant questions regarding the specificity of 8-(4-chlorophenylthio)-cAMP analogs as cAMP mimetics.
journal_name
Mol Pharmacoljournal_title
Molecular pharmacologyauthors
Enyeart JA,Liu H,Enyeart JJdoi
10.1124/mol.109.061861subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-03-01 00:00:00pages
469-82issue
3eissn
0026-895Xissn
1521-0111pii
mol.109.061861journal_volume
77pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is an immunoregulatory cytokine whose biological effects are mediated through interaction with specific receptors on the surface of target cells. Due to its presumed role in generating a normal immune response, IL-2 is being evaluated for the treatment of a variety of tumors, in addition to infect...
journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
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doi:
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
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doi:
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1124/mol.115.100248
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1124/mol.56.1.110
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1124/mol.58.6.1404
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1124/mol.110.064451
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Molecular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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