Abstract:
:Asthma is one of the most common respiratory disorders in clinical practice, affecting up to 13% of people worldwide. Inflammation is the most important component of asthma and inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are recommended as the first line controller treatment for patients of all ages. Treatment with corticosteroids is often unable to fully control asthma symptoms and progression. Recently, leukotrienes have come to the forefront of research as they have been found play a pivotal role in the airway inflammatory process, and specific drugs have been developed to target them. Cysteiny leukotriene antagonists (LTRAs) have recently emerged as important therapeutic options that show a large potential clinical utility. Three specific LTRAs are licensed for clinical use: montelukast, zafirlukast and pranlukast, although montelukast is the only drug approved in the paediatric age range. It is well tolerated (although adverse effects such as headaches, abdominal pain, rashes, angioedema, pulmonary eosinophilia and arthralgia have been reported) and shows many positive effects in asthmatic patients. Current Global Initiative for Asthma guidelines recommend LTRAs as: (1) a second choice treatment to ICS for patients with mild persistent asthma, (2) an add-on therapy to reduce the dose of ICS in patients with moderate or severe asthma, due to the different and complementary mechanisms of action of these agents. LTRAs may be particularly appropriate choices in a number of clinical situations, including the following: patients with concomitant rhinitis; patients with viral-induced wheeze; patients with exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) and, in children aged 2-5 years, to reduce the frequency of asthma exacerbations.
journal_name
Ther Adv Respir Disjournal_title
Therapeutic advances in respiratory diseaseauthors
del Giudice MM,Pezzulo A,Capristo C,Alterio E,Caggiano S,de Benedictis D,Capristo AFdoi
10.1177/1753465809348014subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-10-01 00:00:00pages
245-51issue
5eissn
1753-4658issn
1753-4666pii
1753465809348014journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::In recent years in the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), endothelin receptor antagonists (ERAs) represent a well-established class of therapeutic agents with clear beneficial effects. Macitentan (Opsumit®), a dual ERA optimized for efficacy and safety, is the newest drug in the class. Macitentan pre...
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journal_title:Therapeutic advances in respiratory disease
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pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1177/1753465807086097
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abstract::To investigate whether dry powder inhalers (DPIs) function in a constrained situation, a literature analysis was performed to evaluate the use of DPIs compared with established therapies in the treatment of acute asthma and COPD, irrespective of rapid-acting beta(2)-agonist used. The external databases Medline, Embase...
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pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
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doi:10.1177/1753466618760133
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/1753465812444712
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
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