The pathogenic mechanisms of polyglutamine diseases and current therapeutic strategies.

abstract：:This article is a critique of the paper by Khairnar et al. in the current issue of the Journal of Neurochemistry which describes the use of a sophisticated magnetic resonance imaging technique, diffusion kurtosis imaging, to investigate microstructural changes in the brain of TNWT-61 mice that are over-expressing α-sy...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Williams S

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tetanus neurotoxin and botulinum neurotoxins are the causative agents of tetanus and botulism. They block the release of neurotransmitters from synaptic vesicles in susceptible animals and man and act in nanogram quantities because of their ability to specifically attack motoneurons. They developed an ingenious strate...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Binz T,Rummel A

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed a novel competitive method to select from a phage display library a single chain Fv which is able to mimic the alpha-bungarotoxin binding site of the muscle nicotinic receptor. The single chain Fv was selected from a large synthetic library using alpha-bungarotoxin-coated magnetic beads. Toxin-bound ...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Bracci L,Pini A,Lozzi L,Lelli B,Battestin P,Spreafico A,Bernini A,Niccolai N,Neri P

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The autoradiographic method with L-[35S]methionine was used to determine the effects of an n-3 fatty acid deficiency on brain protein synthesis. Brain protein synthesis was significantly increased (from 50 to 150%) in 45 of the 52 brain structures studied in n-3 fatty acid-deficient rats as compared with control anima...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Giaume M,Gay N,Baubet V,Gharib A,Durand G,Bobillier P,Sarda N

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of hydrocephalus on cerebral energy metabolites and on intermediates of membrane phospholipid metabolism has been studied in H-Tx rats with inherited infantile hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalic rats and rats with shunts placed at 4-5 days or at 10 days after birth were subjected to magnetic resonance imaging in ...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Harris NG,Plant HD,Briggs RW,Jones HC

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The uptake of radioactive biotin has been studied in glial cell cultures from dissociated cerebral hemispheres of newborn rats. We describe saturable kinetics for the biotin uptake at biotin concentrations of less than 60 nM and linear at greater than 60 nM. The uptake appeared temperature sensitive, Na+ independent, ...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Rodriguez-Pombo P,Ugarte M

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitochondrial dysfunction represents a critical event during the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) and expanding evidences demonstrate that an altered balance in mitochondrial fission/fusion is likely an important mechanism leading to mitochondrial and neuronal dysfunction/degeneration. In this study, we invest...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Wang X,Petrie TG,Liu Y,Liu J,Fujioka H,Zhu X

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Superfusion of striatal slices with a medium deficient in Ca2+ and Mg2+ caused a large and sustained increase in release of lactate dehydrogenase, a finding indicative of the disruption of plasma membranes. This was associated with an efflux of dopamine (DA) and the depletion of DA from the tissue. In addition, wherea...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Lonart G,Zigmond MJ

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The metabolism of 2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) in vivo was observed noninvasively in rat brain using 19F nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy following an intravenous injection of FDG (400 mg/kg). At 3 h after infusion, four resonances with discrete chemical shifts were resolved. Chemical shift analysis o...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Nakada T,Kwee IL,Conboy CB

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CNS synapses are produced rapidly upon pre- and post-synaptic recruitment. However, their composition is known to change during development and we reasoned that this may be reflected in the gross biochemical properties of synapses. We found synaptic structure in adult cortical synaptosomes to be resistant to digestion...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Khaing ZZ,Fidler L,Nandy N,Phillips GR

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The circadian rhythm of methionine S-adenosyltransferase, which catalyzes the formation of S-adenosylmethionine, a cosubstrate for melatonin in the pineal gland, follows the pattern of hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase. Around the middle of the dark period, methionine S-adenosyltransferase and hydroxyindole-O-methyltr...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Guchhait RB,Monjan AA

更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine whether prolonged nicotine exposure persistently inactivates rat alpha4beta2 nicotinic receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes, we measured the voltage-clamped alpha4beta2 response to acetylcholine (ACh) before and 24 h after, 1-h or 12-h incubations in 10 microm nicotine. A 12-h incubation in 10 microm ni...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Jia L,Flotildes K,Li M,Cohen BN

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aquaporin-4, a predominant water channel in the brain, is specifically expressed in astrocyte endfeet and plays a central role in water homeostasis, neuronal activity, and cell migration in the brain. It has two dominant isoforms called M1 and M23, whose mRNA is driven by distinct promoters located upstream of exons 0...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Abe Y,Ikeshima-Kataoka H,Goda W,Niikura T,Yasui M

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Galactosyltransferase activities were examined in the cerebellum, cerebral cortex, and brain stem of reeler and wild-type mice. Galactosyltransferase assays were optimal for all required substrates, linear with incubation time, and proportional to protein concentration. In brain areas affected by the reeler mutation (...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Shur BD

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have proposed that a very early step in the pathogenesis of idiopathic Parkinson's disease is the elevated translocation of L-cysteine into neuromelanin-pigmented dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. This influx of L-cysteine was proposed to divert the normal neuromelanin pathway by scavenging dopamine-o-q...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Li H,Shen XM,Dryhurst G

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neuropathological and immune changes induced in the brain by 'binge drinking' have been investigated in a rat model. Evidence of neuro-inflammation was identified in the 'binge drinking' rat model of alcohol abuse after 3 weeks of administration of 2 or 3 g/kg ethanol (EtOH), three times per day for two consecutiv...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Ward RJ,Colivicchi MA,Allen R,Schol F,Lallemand F,de Witte P,Ballini C,Corte LD,Dexter D

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enkephalin (ENK) has been implicated in nociceptive transmission in the spinal cord while its functional role is not clear because of difficulties in ideally visualizing ENKergic neurons. We thus developed preproenkephalin-green fluorescent protein transgenic mice to better identify ENKergic neurons. Real-time reverse...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Huang J,Chen J,Wang W,Wang W,Koshimizu Y,Wei YY,Kaneko T,Li YQ,Wu SX

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biogenic amine serotonin (5-HT) plays a key role in the regulation and modulation of many physiological and behavioural processes in both vertebrates and invertebrates. These functions are mediated through the binding of serotonin to its receptors, of which 13 subtypes have been characterized in vertebrates. We ha...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Schlenstedt J,Balfanz S,Baumann A,Blenau W

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Melatonin is neuroprotective because of its antioxidative action, but it also can modify neuronal vulnerability by altering gene expression. 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LO) gene expression is suppressed by the binding of melatonin to its high-affinity nuclear receptors. Recently, we reported that in rats the melatonin deficienc...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Uz T,Longone P,Manev H

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The efficacy of funnel-freezing of rat brain to inactivate metabolic processes and preserve in vivo tissue glucose concentration was validated by comparing the results obtained by funnel-freezing with those obtained with freeze-blowing of brain. The arterial plasma glucose level was clamped at 9 mM in halothane-anesth...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Mies G,Cruz N,Sokoloff L

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Our gut harbours trillions of microorganisms essential for the maintenance of homeostasis and host physiology in health and disease. In the last decade, there has been a growing interest in understanding the bidirectional pathway of communication between our microbiota and the central nervous system. With regard to re...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： García-Cabrerizo R,Carbia C,O Riordan KJ,Schellekens H,Cryan JF

更新日期：2020-12-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on neuronal survival was studied in cultured cells isolated from newborn rat retina. In vivo, the content of DHA in the retina increased nearly fourfold from days 2 to 12 after birth, whereas in retinal cells in culture it remained constant. Unlike amacrine cells, the photorece...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Rotstein NP,Aveldaño MI,Barrantes FJ,Politi LE

更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new neuronal cell line was generated by transfection of rat olfactory epithelium with immortalizing recombinant oncogene E1A of adenovirus-2. The resulting 13.S.1.24 line of transformed cells expressed an antigenic phenotype of olfactory neuronal progenitors. Addition of dopamine to 13.S.1.24 cultures induced reduct...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Coronas V,Féron F,Hen R,Sicard G,Jourdan F,Moyse E

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effect of chronically blocking NMDA receptor stimulation to examine changes in GABA(A) receptor expression and pharmacology in cerebellar granule cells at different stages of maturation. We have previously shown that NMDA-selective glutamate receptor stimulation alters GABA(A) receptor pharmacology...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Wang XH,Zhu WJ,Corsi L,Ikonomovic S,Paljug WR,Vicini S,Grayson DR

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are activated in humans following infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and brain inflammation is thought to be involved in neuronal injury and dysfunction during HIV infection. Numerous studies indicate a role for the HIV regulatory protein Tat in HIV-related inflammatory and neurodegenerative ...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Bruce-Keller AJ,Barger SW,Moss NI,Pham JT,Keller JN,Nath A

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Caspase-3 has been identified as a key protease that, by targeting a limited number of proteins, can disrupt essential homeostatic processes and initiate an orderly disassembly of cells, including degradation of genomic DNA. We demonstrate the usefulness of an antibody specific for activated caspase-3 in a model of ne...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Zhu C,Wang X,Hagberg H,Blomgren K

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Extraction of rat brain membrane-associated protein kinase C with high specific activity was obtained by applying benzyl alcohol (a membrane fluidizer), EDTA, and high hydrostatic pressures. Approximately 50% of total brain-associated activity was extracted from membranes. The pressure-extracted activity had an eightf...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Lester DS

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Functional regeneration in a complete T8 transection model Cheng et al. (1996) and most recently, acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF; also known as FGF-1) involved in the repair process of the spinal cord injury (SCI) rat Tsai et al. (2008) have been reported. To further reveal the mechanism of the repair process o...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Shen LF,Cheng H,Tsai MC,Kuo HS,Chak KF

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The main electric organ of Electrophorus electricus is particularly rich in thiamine triphosphate, which represents 87% of the total thiamine content in this tissue. The thiamine pyrophosphate concentration, however, is very low in the eel electric organ and skeletal muscle as compared with other eel or rat tissues. F...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Bettendorff L,Michel-Cahay C,Grandfils C,De Rycker C,Schoffeniels E

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The release of preaccumulated gamma-amino[3H]butyric acid ([3H]GABA) from putative GABAergic amacrine cells was studied in neuronal monolayer cultures made from embryonic chick retina. Release was specifically stimulated by excitatory amino acid agonists. N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA; EC50, 19.1 +/- 5.0 microM), kainic ...

journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry

authors： Hofmann HD,Möckel V

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00