Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Gynecomastia is a morphostructural impairment of the mammary region in men caused by parenchymal hypertrophy or a cutaneous distortion of breast skin covering or both. The clinical classification introduced by Simon et al. in 1973 ranks gynecomastia in three degrees. Each subtype can be treated with a specific technique. This article describes an alternative surgical procedure for treating gynecomastia with severe ptosis(type III and type IIIb of Simon's classification). METHODS:Fifty-eight patients were treated for gynecomastia in our Plastic Surgery Unit from 1996 to 2004. The cutaneous excess of periareolar skin is evaluated by a pinching test. A circular periareolar mark is traced corresponding to the cutaneous excess that has to be removed.Initially, liposuction of adipous tissue on the periphery of the mammary region is performed through two cutaneous 3-mm incisions at the 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock positions around the areola. After this, the liposuction incisions are enlarged from 10 o'clock to 8 o'clock and from 2 o'clockto 4 o'clock to create access for the mastectomy. This dissection creates a double dermal areolar pedicle. The new areolar position is fixed with a Benelli round block suture. RESULTS:A resolution of the morphologic deformity without evident scars after hair growth and a correction of the breast deformity has been observed in the 6-month follow-ups conducted for all the patients. CONCLUSION:We observed that the vascular-nervous net under the areola at 12 o'clock and 6 o'clock is very important, more so than the lateral pedicle, and the conservation of a double vascular-nervous pedicle reduces significantly the risk of areolar necrosis, especially in cases of gynecomastia type III and in cases where there is a high degree of breast malformation such as the tuberous breast.
journal_name
Aesthetic Plast Surgjournal_title
Aesthetic plastic surgeryauthors
Cannistra C,Piedimonte A,Albonico Fdoi
10.1007/s00266-008-9278-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-11-01 00:00:00pages
834-7issue
6eissn
0364-216Xissn
1432-5241journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Although silicone rubber (SR) implants are most commonly used and effective for soft-tissue augmentation, they still have been implicated in many adverse reactions. To overcome this problem, a novel composite beta-tricalcium phosphate/silicone rubber (beta-TCP/SR) was prepared by adding beta-TCP into a SR ma...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-009-9363-7
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A one-stage surgical correction of tuberous and tubular breast deformities is described. An intraareolar donut of pigmented skin is deepithelialized to correct the associated mega areola, allowing, at the same time, a port of entry for insertion of a retroglandular breast implant. The exposed areolar dermis is then te...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002669900204
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A nomenclature for the definition, diagnosis, and surgical management of the congenital anomalies of the breast is suggested. The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) and the Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) code numbers pertaining to these anomalies have been tabulated. ...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01570327
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Micrografting for hair restoration has become increasingly popular because of the natural results it can achieve. The procedure is often performed under local anesthesia or local anesthesia with sedation. To achieve adequate anesthesia, supraorbital and supratrochlear nerve blocks are often performed as well as infilt...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02275575
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The APTOS threading procedure is a relatively new method in antifacial ptosis surgery. The reported cases present a small percentage of minor complications. A 57-year-old woman experienced scarring after APTOS threading. Scar biopsy showed an epidermoid inclusion cyst. Epidermoid inclusion cysts are a potential compli...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-007-9016-7
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Simulation training has become an integral part of plastic surgery postgraduate curricula. It facilitates the acquisition of skills in a safe environment that can be later transferred to real-life settings. A variety of models have been described covering some aspects of the specialty better than others. The...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00266-020-02089-z
更新日期:2021-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Classical open surgical contouring and sculpturing of the body has required significant scarring with long incisions and wide depressed scars. During the last decade, a small number of European surgeons have pioneered techniques for suction lipectomy. Illouz introduced the concept of lipolysis and blunt cannula extrac...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01575248
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Currently, aesthetic and reconstructive surgery of the breast should be considered in terms of contouring, and hence in terms of dimensions. Based on experience performing more than 5,000 breast augmentations with highly cohesive anatomic implants, the authors explore the aesthetic anatomy of the (augmented)...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-013-0190-5
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in an aesthetic surgery setting in the region of Southwest China, and to ascertain the differences in terms of body images between patients in the aesthetic setting and general Chinese population. This study tracked patient satisfaction with their bod...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-016-0715-9
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Implants placed in subperiosteal pockets may erode more deeply into the mandible than those placed above the periosteum. Those positioned supraperiosteally are more likely to shift and certainly are more mobile when pressure is put on the chin. Implants extending laterally far enough to produce a graceful flow of chin...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01570247
更新日期:1976-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The case of a patient who experienced temporary myopic change after transconjunctival blepharoplasty using the carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser is reported. Transconjunctival lower lid blepharoplasty using the CO(2) laser, one of the most frequent laser procedures performed in aesthetic surgery, is considered to be a safe...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-004-0131-4
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Infantile haemangioma is the most common childhood tumour. These tumours can cause significant functional and cosmetic problems. While there are many treatment modalities, propranolol is increasingly being recognised as the first-line treatment of problematic haemangiomas. This study investigates the use o...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-015-0557-x
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Reduction mammoplasty in patients with gigantic breast hypertrophy runs a high risk of complication. Traditionally, inferior pedicle reductions or free nipple grafting techniques have been recommended for gigantic breasts on the basis of measurements and expected resection weights. The superiomedial pedicle ...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-020-01973-y
更新日期:2020-09-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lipoabdominoplasty is nearly a daily aesthetic procedure. Despite the emergence of laser-assisted liposuction, to date, it has not been clearly evaluated combined with abdominoplasty. This prospective study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of laser-assisted liposuction relative to traditional l...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00266-013-0242-x
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Cartilage grafts are the most commonly used grafts for structural and aesthetic purposes. This study aimed to compare the viability of diced cartilage grafts wrapped in fascia with diced cartilage grafts wrapped in perichondrium. Approximately 2 × 2 cm cartilage grafts were harvested from the ears of seven N...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-014-0403-6
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The roots of science and art of plastic surgery are very antique. Anatomy, drawing, painting, and sculpting have been very important to the surgery and medicine development over the centuries. Artistic skills besides shape, volume, and lines perception can be a practical aid to the plastic surgeons' daily wo...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 信件
doi:10.1007/s00266-016-0616-y
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:More than100 techniques and variations of breast reduction have been published. In most, the principal differences involve the method of transpositioning the nipple-areola complex and the pattern of skin resection. Skin resection inevitably causes scarring, which has given rise to an ongoing debate over long...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-004-0370-4
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the newer techniques for reduction mammoplasty generally give excellent results, some patients may develop recurrent ptosis as a result of greater tissue elasticity, or the breast may sag beneath the inframammary line, elevating the nipple. Proper preoperative evaluation and planning can help to prevent such ...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01575216
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Supernumerary nostril and oblique facial cleft are both rare congenital anomalies. Here, we present a 2-year-old patient with a supernumerary nostril and a Tessier 3 incomplete facial cleft, which have not been reported previously. It should also be mentioned that the nostril and ala of this supernumerary nostril were...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-015-0501-0
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute swelling of the parotid glands after general anesthesia has become known as anesthesia mumps. Its cause is unknown. Only one case of postsurgical parotitis without general anesthesia is reported. This report describes three cases in this setting after plastic surgery. CASE 1:A 37-year-old women underw...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-013-0112-6
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Direct brow lift surgery remains popular among Asian women despite its disadvantages. The traditional direct brow lift by a supra-brow incision is not suitable for Asian women because of their unique facial features, such as higher eyebrows, wider upper eyelids, and more orbital fat. Therefore, we designed a...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-016-0632-y
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 165 patients with varying indications have been treated with Zyderm Collagen Implant. Among these patients, only 4 allergic reactions were found: 3 local and 1 general. Results obtained depend on the type of lesion treated; it is suggested that the treatment of rhytids provides the best indication for colla...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01570348
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In two previous studies, the quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with the participation of at least one plastic surgeon was evaluated in two periods: 1966-2003 and 2004-2008. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the evolution of the quality of RCT publications by plastic surgeons in the subsequent 5-year peri...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-019-01335-3
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Puerperal breast abscess after polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) augmentation mammoplasty can induce breast auto-inflation resulting in serious consequences. Mammography, ultrasound, and conventional MRI are poor at detecting related PAAG abnormality histologically. We evaluated the value of diffusion-weighted ima...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-014-0442-z
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey from 1983 through 1988 of patients who underwent augmentation mammoplasty performed by the transaxillary subpectorial approach revealed the operation to be amazingly trouble-free, with patient satisfaction reaching 98.5%. The severe problem of capsular contracture seen in the 1978 prepectoral (submammary) cas...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02273844
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simplified technique for surgical correction of prognathism, consisting of an angled or L-shaped osteotomy in the mandibular ramus starting from the sigmoid notch and ending on the posterior border of the ascending ramus, has been performed on 365 patients. Modifications of the procedure allow for concomitant correc...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01575238
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This report introduces a new method for correction of congenital severe upper eyelid ptosis. METHODS:The poor levator-function upper eyelid ptosis of 22 patients was corrected using suspension of the frontal muscle flap overlapped with an inferiorly based orbital septum flap as a motor unit, which substitut...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-008-9125-y
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In Western countries, dorsal hump reduction surgery is prevalent due to the nasal profiles of the patients admitted for esthetic rhinoplasty operations. There are numerous techniques for hump reduction. Currently, dorsal hump reduction techniques that allow the dorsum to be preserved are highly popular. OBJ...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-020-01801-3
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The liposuction technique has changed greatly over the years. In 1989, the authors presented subdermal superficial liposuction which treats the superficial fat layer and yields better skin retraction. With this technique the surgeon can treat thin adipose layers to obtain better results in more cases than the traditio...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF00209305
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ectropion is the most common serious complication following blepharoplasty for the correction of baggy eyelid deformity. Although blepharoplasty may be considered one of the most gratifying plastic operations, if an ectropion results it then becomes one of the most distressing to patient and surgeon alike.Ectropion co...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01577946
更新日期:1978-12-01 00:00:00