Abstract:
BACKGROUND:More than100 techniques and variations of breast reduction have been published. In most, the principal differences involve the method of transpositioning the nipple-areola complex and the pattern of skin resection. Skin resection inevitably causes scarring, which has given rise to an ongoing debate over long scar techniques and short scar techniques. The debate would be mute if only the extent of the scar was evaluated: ideally, the shorter the better. However, this limitation of scar extension conditions other elements to be evaluated in the results. On the other hand, there is a great variety of clinical cases in which not only the volume must be considered, but also the degree of ptosis, the quality of the skin, the age, and, most importantly, the wishes of the patients. OBJECTIVES:The objective of the crossed dermal flaps procedure was to obtain optimum volume, position, and shape of the breast; well-located good-quality scars as short as possible; and early satisfactory and long-lasting results. METHODS:Between June 1986 and June 2003 136 women underwent this procedure, performed under controlled hypotension (median arterial blood pressure, 60 mmHg). The technique is based on Wise-type skin marking associated with glandular resection in the lower and lateral poles, and transpositioning of the nipple-areola complex with a superior medial dermoglandular pedicle. Two rectangular areas under each cutaneous vertex are delimited, which will correspond with the future dermal flaps. These flaps are crossed, then fixed to the musculoaponeurotic chest wall, and the rest of the wound is sutured by planes in a conventional manner. RESULTS:Two patients (1.4%) experienced minimum cutaneous epidermolysis without dehiscence at the union of the vertical and horizontal sutures, which later healed by second intention without interference with the aesthetic result. Three cases (2%) showed partial and superficial necrosis of one of the areolae, but healed during the following 3 weeks without secondary surgery. In three patients (2%), hematomas developed, which were drained in the dressing room with no complications. One patient experienced thickening of the scar. No infections were observed. CONCLUSIONS:The authors believe the cross dermal flaps technique is safe and applicable to an extensive variety of cases. It is easy to execute and to teach, and therefore, those who are beginning to use inverted T techniques such as that described, can, from the beginning, diminish the incidence of short- and long-term complications such as dehiscence that lead to scarring at the convergence of the flaps and bottoming out of the inferior pole, with the horizontal scar displaced upward and an increase in the distance between the later and the nipple areola complex.
journal_name
Aesthetic Plast Surgjournal_title
Aesthetic plastic surgeryauthors
de la Plaza R,de la Cruz L,Moreno C,Soto Ldoi
10.1007/s00266-004-0370-4keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-11-01 00:00:00pages
383-92issue
6eissn
0364-216Xissn
1432-5241journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract:UNLABELLED:Medpor is a biocompatible, porous, high-density polyethylene implant material used as a skeleton substitute. During the last two decades, it has been successfully applied for aesthetic contour enhancement and at reconstruction of the facial skeleton. Reports on the long-term host tissue tolerance of Medpor a...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-012-9911-4
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severely inverted nipples are invaginated deeply and present many aesthetic, functional, and psychological problems. Many methods have been proposed for correction of this deformity. The authors describe a new simple method using two broad triangular areolar dermofibrous flaps. This method affords sufficient tissue to...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-008-9116-z
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study investigated the relationships between histomorphological aspects of breast capsules, including capsule thickness, collagen fiber alignment, the presence of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA)-positive myofibroblasts, and clinical observations of capsular contracture. METHODS:Breast capsule samples wer...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-014-0439-7
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In recent years, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a promising autologous biological treatment modality for the use in aesthetic and regenerative medicine. PRP is a high concentration of platelets derived from whole blood which is isolated by centrifugation to separate and concentrate platelet-cont...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00266-018-1293-9
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been a great deal of controversy regarding the safety of silicone breast implants. Silicone gel prostheses older than 10 years have the risk of either leakage or outright rupture. The role of silicone gel in relation to connective tissue disease or amyloidosis has not been proved by current serologic, immuno...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-002-2022-x
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::When a rhinoplasty is performed, one must keep in mind that the nose is a part of a whole structure, the face. In the ideal nose operation all the components of the nose are well balanced among themselves and the nose itself is a harmonic part of the face. The present article briefly reports on how the different excis...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01577844
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vertical scar mammaplasty, first described by Lötsch in 1923 and Dartigues in 1924 for mastopexy, was extended later to breast reduction by Arié in 1957. It was otherwise lost to surgical history until Lassus began experimenting with it in 1964. It then was extended by Marchac and de Olarte, finally to be popularized ...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00266-005-0093-1
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skeletal deformity in the fronto-orbital region resulting from various problems can have significant aesthetic concerns. Restoring an aesthetically acceptable appearance relies most importantly on the restoration of a precise skeletal contour. Current surgical options for depression deformities or partial-thickness de...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-011-9723-y
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An increasing trend toward day surgery management requires plastic surgeons not only to be cognizant of block techniques, but also to assess their safety and efficacy objectively. Paravertebral block offers benefits by enhancing surgical anesthesia and postoperative analgesia. This study aimed to assess the ...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-006-0230-5
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Insight into the physical processes of aging can be gained by comparing the loss of facial volume that occurs during aging with the dramatic fat loss resulting from acquired lipoatrophy, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment-associated lipoatrophy. The superficial effects of aging, such as r...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00266-008-9258-z
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors report on a 25-year retrospective study of 488 cases of prominent (protruding) ears corrected by the island technique of Pitanguy. ...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01575492
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Autologous fat injection for soft tissue augmentation in the face is claimed to be a safe procedure. However, there are several case reports in the literature where patients have suffered from acute visual loss and cerebral infarction following fat injections into the face. Acute visual loss after injection of various...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002669900185
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Improved understanding of the anatomy and physiology of the aging face has laid the foundation for adopting an earlier and more comprehensive approach to facial rejuvenation, shifting the focus from individual wrinkle treatment and lift procedures to a holistic paradigm that considers the entire face and its...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00266-012-0052-6
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac arrhythmias are a potential complication in phenol face peeling. A comprehensive review of the literature is presented here demonstrating its reported incidence, as well as the actions of phenol both locally and systemically. In addition to the conventional measures that are presently followed in chemical face...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01576925
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cosmetic surgery is no longer just for females. More men are opting for cosmetic procedures, with marked increases seen in both minimally invasive and surgical options over the last decade. Compared to females, relatively little work has specifically focused on factors predicting males' attitudes toward cosm...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-017-0882-3
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) (Sculptra, Dermik Laboratories, Bridgewater, NJ, a business of sanofi-aventis US, LLC) is a novel biocompatible and biodegradable injectable device currently under review by the Food and Drug Administration for a cosmetic indication. When implanted into soft tissues, PLLA is thought to elicit...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-008-9112-3
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Body-contouring aesthetic surgery focused on the gluteal region has been increasingly in demand. This article aims to describe the surgical technique, the results, and the complications for 28 women who underwent endoscopically assisted gluteoplasty using high-profile, high-cohesion round silicone implants between 199...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-006-0256-8
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Subcutaneous phosphatidylcholine to cause local lipolysis has been performed effectively and safely in the nonsurgical treatment of periorbital fat pads and also in the treatment of localized fat deposits in the abdomen, neck, arms and thighs. However, the studies do not explain the mechanism through which i...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-005-0170-5
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neck rejuvenation has been one of the most important components in treatment for the aging face because the neck frequently is the first feature to show signs of aging. Several techniques have been described, but assessment of the long-term effects, although limited, has shown frequent recurrence of neck pto...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-005-0028-x
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The authors initiated the use of a mastoid periosteum graft to augment or camouflage the dorsum and radix. This report describes the techniques and treatment outcomes of mastoid periosteum grafts in primary and revision rhinoplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Medical records of 62 patients who underwent rhinopla...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-019-01406-5
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Saddle nose reconstruction is based on the use of support grafts to manage aesthetic and functional problems. Bone (calvarial, iliac crest, costal, nasal hump, ulnar, and heterogeneous origin), cartilage (septal, costal, heterogeneous), and synthetic materials (silicon, silastic, polyethylene) were used as support gra...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-002-2056-0
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most descriptions of the skin-muscle flap lower lid blepharoplasty, the so-called McIndoe technique, indicate dissection of the flap in a cephalad-to-caudad direction from near the ciliary margin toward the bony orbital rim. However, this report describes a technical variation in which counter-traction and lateral-to-...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01570650
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Scars are inevitable results of surgical procedures, and prevention of them is still a major problem in the field of cosmetic surgery. Although various studies have been performed on botulinum toxin-A (BoNT-A) injection for the prevention of hypertrophic scars, the exact mechanism remains unclear. METHODS:T...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00266-020-01916-7
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::After augmentation mammaplasty, either subglandular or submuscular, the most typical complication to occur is capsule formation or its advanced form, capsular contracture. Even the less severe capsule formation can cause a feeling of discomfort because the breast starts to be fixed to the rear chest wall, thus resulti...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-005-0082-4
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Repositioning the medial crura cephalically onto the caudal septum (tongue-in-groove; TIG) allows alteration of the columella, ala, and nasal tip to address alar-columellar disproportion as seen from the lateral view. To date, quantitative analysis of nostril dimension, alar-columellar relationship, and nasa...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-015-0450-7
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three-dimensional (3D) stereophotography area measurements are essential for describing morphology in the periocular region. However, its reliability has not yet been sufficiently validated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the reliability of 3D stereophotogrammetric area measurements in the periocular regi...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-020-02091-5
更新日期:2021-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Use of a vascular pedicled temporoparietalis muscle flap resurfaced with a full-thickness skin graft from the opposite ear, instead of less-than-favorable skin coverage, is advocated to achieve more satisfactory aesthetic results in total ear reconstruction handicapped by the presence of scarred local skin. The techni...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01570713
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nowadays, oncological breast surgery has to be performed to maximize cosmetic results, and even mastectomies, when unavoidable, should conform to acceptable aesthetics. We investigated surgical approaches to skin-sparing mastectomies. Scar positioning and volume replacement were evaluated. We also discuss nipple-spari...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00266-009-9382-4
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current tendency to perform corrective rhinoplasty with the help of computerized images or cephalometric evaluations is justified by the need to adapt the amount of correction to all of the cephalometric relationships and draw on indications on the exact quantity of tissue to add or remove. We propose a very simpl...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002669900088
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:One-stage augmentation/mastopexy entails the challenge of augmenting breast volume with an implant while resecting excess skin. Although both augmenting and lifting the breast in a one-stage operation is gaining in popularity, its safety and its efficacy are still under debate and merit deeper evaluation. M...
journal_title:Aesthetic plastic surgery
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00266-014-0388-1
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00