Multi-fractal nature of radioactivity deposition on soil after the Chernobyl accident.

abstract：:Design and associated good practices are described for a modular glovebox connector to improve control of radioactive and chemically toxic materials. The connector consists of an anodized aluminum circular port with a mating spacer, gaskets, and retaining rings for joining two parallel ends of commercially available o...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Hoover MD,Mewhinney CJ,Newton GJ

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Different numerical strategies in searching for orphan radioactive sources in the environment by means of a mobile detector system have been evaluated. A carborne 3- by 3-inch NaI(Tl) spectrometric system was used with an unshielded 2 GBq 137Cs source as a test source. In this paper, a previous method (MB method), bas...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Hjerpe T,Samuelsson C

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The International Commission on Radiological Protection system of radiological protection is based on three pillars: science, ethical and social values, and experience. As far as ethics and the protection of humans are concerned, the system combines the values of beneficence/non-maleficence, prudence, justice, and dig...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lochard J

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:More than 380 Chinese adults of both sexes were studied for their total body K and 40K using the National Tsing Hua University whole-body counter. The K values were found to have an average of 1.75 +/- 0.4 g K kg-1 body weight for males and 1.41 +/- 0.1 g K kg-1 body weight for females. The average K value for both se...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lan CY,Weng PS

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nine elementary schools in Maine were examined to track the release of 222Rn and to determine the transfer coefficient from water into air. Water-use simulations were performed by running sinks and sprayers for 1 h in a kitchen. The 222Rn in air was measured over 24 h throughout the school. The subsequent release of 2...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Guiseppe VE,Gould TJ,Hess CT

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Indoor 222Rn in high-rise buildings originates inside the building materials, then diffuses gradually through the intergranular spaces of the material into the room atmosphere. Therefore, the radionuclide contents and the physical properties of the building materials are important for indoor 222Rn levels in Hong Kong....

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Tso MY,Ng CY,Leung JK

更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An unventilated 70 m underground space, with 2.1 m high ceilings and an inner set of concrete walls to damp vibrations, was discovered to have relatively stable radon levels of ~1,080 Bq m over a 1-y period. The addition of radium sources was not required to achieve high and somewhat variable radon levels, as these ar...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Carmona MA,Kearfott KJ

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To elucidate any connection between high radon concentrations and low-infiltration houses, we have concurrently measured the 222Rn concentration and the infiltration rate in U.S. houses. Three housing surveys have been undertaken: one in "energy-efficient" houses located throughout the U.S. and two in "conventional" h...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Nero AV,Boegel ML,Hollowell CD,Ingersoll JG,Nazaroff WW

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The kinetics with which tritiated thymidine is eliminated from birds and the concentration of radioactivity remaining in the carcass after 350-430 h were measured. Birds injected with tritiated thymidine eliminated 98% of the radioactivity injected within 28 h. Ninety-eight percent was identified in the excreta, and l...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Party E,Barnea A,Linins I,Gershey EL

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this report is to compare the whole-body retention and tissue distribution in rats of 60Co administered by gavage as inorganic 60CoCl2 or in a form incorporated into freshwater fish. Orizias latipes were placed in vessels containing 21. of tap water with radioactive cobalt. Periodically thereafter the f...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Inaba J,Nishimura Y,Kimura K,Ichikawa R

更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Annual internal radiation doses resulting from both acute and chronic intakes of all important dose-contributing radionuclides occurring in fallout from nuclear weapons testing at Bikini and Enewetak from 1946 through 1958 have been estimated for the residents living on all atolls and separate reef islands of the Mars...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Simon SL,Bouville A,Melo D,Beck HL,Weinstock RM

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The natural radioactivity in some rock samples in Ikogosi-Ekiti, Southwestern Nigeria, has been measured using a very sensitive gamma spectroscopic system consisting of a 76 mm x 76 mm NaI(TI) scintillation detector system coupled to a versatile Canberra Series 10 plus multichannel analyzer. The average concentrations...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ajayi OS

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nineteen UF6/UO2F2 inhalation studies were undertaken in purebred, female beagle dogs (N = 16) to examine inter alia, (a) the possible relations of exposure, whole body, lung and renal uranium levels to excretion rates; (b) the threshold U6+ dose and renal concentration for renal injury; (c) the distribution and reten...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Morrow P,Gelein R,Beiter H,Scott J,Picano J,Yuile C

更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A study on absorption of radon by different edible oils of plant origins produced and used in India was conducted in order to identify efficient radon-absorbing oils. A comparative study of radon absorption by edible oils of India with that of olive oil, which is known as a good absorber of radon, was also carried out...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Karunakara N,Al-Azmi D

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A uranium in vitro bioassay (urinalysis) action level was derived for use at the Department of Energy's Uranium Mill Tailings Remedial Action Project sites to identify chronic inhalation intakes of uranium mill tailings causing 0.5 mSv (50 mrem) annual effective dose equivalent. All radionuclides in the 238U decay cha...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Reif RH,Turner JB,Carlson DS

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cohort-based dose-response analyses can be biased if based on a comparison group that is not comparable to the exposed persons with respect to uncontrolled factors related to disease incidence or mortality. When data exist over a range of doses including the very low dose region, internal regression standardized analy...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Cologne JB,Preston DL

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The design and performance of a positionally sensitive system for the laser read-out of dosimetric information contained in LiF chips and a specially designed composite detector having a thin LiF layer is reported. A 2 cm X 3 cm X 0.254 mm LiF layer was successfully manufactured with a glass backing; however, this was...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kearfott KJ,Grupen-Shemansky ME

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Experience gained during a field training exercise with a Medical Reserve Corps unit on the screening of large groups of individuals for possible contamination with radioactive material revealed that while exercise participants were generally attentive to the proper use of protective equipment and detectors, they tend...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Emery RJ,Sprau DD,Morecook RC

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concentrations and the organ distribution patterns of 228Th, 230Th and 232Th in two 9-y-old dogs of our beagle colony were determined. The dogs were exposed only to background environmental levels of Th isotopes through ingestion (food and water) and inhalation as are humans. The organ distribution patterns of the...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Singh NP,Zimmerman CJ,Taylor GN,Wrenn ME

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The most effective countermeasure for radioiodine contamination of milk is to provide dairy animals with uncontaminated feed, with the added advantage that it will be effective for other radionuclides in the fallout. Another effective response is to process the milk into storable dairy products for an appropriate leng...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Howard BJ,Voigt G,Segal MG,Ward GM

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data on occupational radiation exposure from nuclear medicine procedures for the time period of the 1950s through the 1970s is important for retrospective health risk studies of medical personnel who conducted those activities. However, limited information is available on occupational exposure received by physicians a...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Drozdovitch V,Brill AB,Mettler FA Jr,Beckner WM,Goldsmith SJ,Gross MD,Hays MT,Kirchner PT,Langan JK,Reba RC,Smith GT,Bouville A,Linet MS,Melo DR,Lee C,Simon SL

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper provides a review and reanalysis of data relating to gastrointestinal (GI) uptake of uranium in humans. Estimates of GI uptake of uranium in adult humans have been derived from results of three controlled experimental studies involving short-term oral intake of an elevated quantity of uranium in fluids, fro...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Leggett RW,Harrison JD

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concentrations of natural alpha-emitting isotopes of thorium (228Th, 230Th and 232Th) have been determined in 22 sets of human tissue samples obtained at autopsy from Grand Junction, CO and in 10 sets from Washington, DC. Tissues included lung, pulmonary lymph nodes, liver, kidney, bone, a few gonads, spleen and t...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ibrahim SA,Wrenn ME,Singh NP,Cohen N,Saccomano G

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:First, some of the early work is reviewed on exposure pathways in connection with proposed and early liquid radioactive waste discharges from Sellafield. The main historical features of these discharges, affected by relevant plant operations, are then briefly described. The important radiological exposure pathways res...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Hunt GJ

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Cameco lung counter has been recalibrated using the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory torso phantom using an extended lung set (i.e., longer than the original set). The previous calibration had used the Japanese Atomic Energy Research Institute torso phantom. The new calibration had lower counting efficiencie...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kramer GH,Hauck B,Allen SA

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Western Canada, there are many plants that process natural gas to remove impurities (CO2, H2S, H2O) and recover natural gas liquids (propane, butane, etc.). Trace quantities of 222Rn present in the inlet stream are concentrated in streams rich with propane. Potential hazards to plant operators include direct inhala...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Drummond I,Boucher P,Bradford B,Evans H,McLean J,Reczek E,Thunem H

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Conversion factors for the dose rate 1 m above the ground level from the measured activities for different gamma-ray emitters in soil are calculated using the Monte Carlo method. The calculations are based on the GEANT system developed at CERN, Geneva. Results for the uniform and surface distribution of the emitters i...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Likar A,Vidmar T,Pucelj B

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The security of medical radioactive sources, both open and sealed, is an important consideration for reducing the risk of an intentional or inadvertent additional radiation dose to the public, according to the principle of keeping any additional radiation dose as low as reasonably achievable. The detection and followi...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Kroeger EA,Rupp A,Gregor J

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An empirical expression of cavity theory for electron fields is developed in a fashion similar to Burlin's general theory of cavity ionization for photons. It incorporates a term that relates the absorbed dose ratio in the cavity and material medium to the differences in electron scattering. This new expression correl...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Ogunleye OT,Paliwal BR

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article presents an optimization study for radiological protection in a U mine. The mathematical model of the alpha contamination associated with short-lived Rn daughters allows the comparison of various protection strategies through a cost-effectiveness analysis. Determining the optimal protection strategy is ca...

journal_title：Health physics

authors： Lombard J,Oudiz A,Zettwoog P

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00