Abstract：
:Maize roots respond to feeding by larvae of the beetle Diabrotica virgifera virgifera by releasing (E)-beta-caryophyllene. This sesquiterpene, which is not found in healthy maize roots, attracts the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis megidis. In sharp contrast to the emission of virtually only this single compound by damaged roots, maize leaves emit a blend of numerous volatile organic compounds in response to herbivory. To try to explain this difference between roots and leaves, we studied the diffusion properties of various maize volatiles in sand and soil. The best diffusing compounds were found to be terpenes. Only one other sesquiterpene known for maize, alpha-copaene, diffused better than (E)-beta-caryophyllene, but biosynthesis of the former is far more costly for the plant than the latter. The diffusion of (E)-beta-caryophyllene occurs through the gaseous rather than the aqueous phase, as it was found to diffuse faster and further at low moisture level. However, a water layer is needed to prevent complete loss through vertical diffusion, as was found for totally dry sand. Hence, it appears that maize has adapted to emit a readily diffusing and cost-effective belowground signal from its insect-damaged roots.
journal_name
J Chem Ecoljournal_title
Journal of chemical ecologyauthors
Hiltpold I,Turlings TCdoi
10.1007/s10886-008-9467-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-05-01 00:00:00pages
628-35issue
5eissn
0098-0331issn
1573-1561journal_volume
34pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Leaf volatiles convey information about a plant to other organisms in their proximity. Despite increasing interest in understanding the relevance of volatile emissions for particular ecological interactions, there has been relatively little effort to assess generally what information volatile profiles transmit. We sur...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-012-0224-5
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Volatile components of Pachycoris stallii scent gland secretions and the bug's host plant, Croton californicus, were identified by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy. The predominant compounds isolated from C. californicus fruit and leaves were beta-myrcene and beta-caryophyllene. Metathoracic gland secretions o...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1005692502595
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rice stalk stink bug, Tibraca limbativentris, is an important rice pest in Brazil with a high invasive potential for Mexico and the USA. The sex pheromone of this species was previously identified as a combination of two stereoisomers of 1,10-bisaboladien-3-ol (zingiberenol), but the absolute configurations of the...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-019-01125-w
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The invasive clonal plant Wedelia trilobata contains higher levels of ent-kaurane diterpenes, which are precursors of gibberellins (GAs), and higher rates of clonal growth than its native congener W. chinensis in invaded habitats. We hypothesized that the higher levels of endogenous GAs facilitate greater ramet growth...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-016-0670-6
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), a crucifer-specialist pest, has been documented to employ glucosinolates as host recognition cues for oviposition. Through the use of mutant Arabidopsis thaliana plants, we investigated the role of specific classes of glucosinolates in the signaling of oviposition by P. xylo...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-009-9723-4
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Plants have evolved intricate defence strategies against herbivore attack which can include activation of defence in response to stress-related volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by neighbouring plants. VOCs released by intact molasses grass (Melinis minutiflora), have been shown to repel stemborer, Chilo parte...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-019-01122-z
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Volatile organic compounds derived from non-host plants, Ocimum basilicum, Rosmarinus officinalis, Corymbia citriodora, and Ruta graveolens, can be used to mask host plant odors, and are repellent to the tea geometrid, Ectropis obliqua. Volatile compounds were collected by headspace absorption, and the components were...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-013-0344-6
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four litters of king snakes (Lampropeltis getulus), a snake-eating species, were tested for responses to chemicals from colubrid and crotaline snakes. King snakes presented with swabs rubbed against the dorsal skin of living snakes and with swabs treated with methylene chloride extracts of shed snake skins tongue-flic...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00990320
更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Males of the cerambycid beetle Xylotrechus pyrrhoderus release a mixture of (S)-2-hydroxy-3-octanone [(S)-1] and (2S,3S)-2,3-octanediol [(2S,3S)-2] as a sex pheromone that attracts conspecific females. The chemical structures of these pheromone components include a common motif and are assumed to be biosynthetically r...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-014-0508-z
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemical investigation of the Dufour gland contents of three species ofMyrmecia by GC and GC-MS showed thatM. gulosa andM. nigriceps contain predominantly linear hydrocarbons, whereasM. pilosula contains acetates, aldehydes, and propionates. The major components ofM. gulosa andM. nigriceps are (Z)-8-heptadecene, penta...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01014109
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calling behavior and pheromone emission by virgin femaleE. loftini moths were investigated in laboratory experiments. Calling peaked during the last three hours of the night. Three-day-old moths called more than older or younger moths and began calling earlier in the night than younger moths. Female emissions were col...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02027777
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Holcus lanatus, a temperate grass, was found to contain low but measurable concentrations of condensed tannins (CT), according to the vanillin-HCl and the butanol-HCl methods. The variation in CT concentrations between different types of tissue including leaf age and reproductive versus nonreproductive tissue was exam...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02228314
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tree volatiles and pheromones produced by southern bark beetles were bioassayed for response by the clerid predatorThanasimus dubius (F.). Upwind flights in a laboratory olfactometer, modified from Visser (1976), were used to determine the attractiveness of compounds. Differences in response to a solvent control and p...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00987655
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The enantiomers of analogs of (Z)-5-decenyl acetate, a pheromone component ofAgrotis segetum, substituted by a methyl group in the 2, 3, 4, 7, and 8 positions and dimethyl substituted in the 4,7 positions, have been synthesized and studied by an electrophysiological single-cell technique and by molecular mechanics cal...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00994319
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The buffy-headed marmoset (Callithrix flaviceps) is apparently the only predispersal herbivore of the seeds of Siparuna guianensis at the Caratinga Biological Station in southeastern Brazil. Both the fruit receptacles and the frutioles (seeds) of S. guianensis are relatively rich in nutrients such as carbohydrates, pr...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1005672017673
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brown treesnakes are an invasive species to the island of Guam that have caused extensive ecological and economic damage. Efforts to control the snake population have included trapping using live mouse lures, but for logistical and economic reasons a synthetic lure is needed. When searching for live food, brown treesn...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1010357024140
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to cope with plant defense chemicals differs between specialist and generalist species. In this study, we examined the effects of the concentration of the two main iridoid glycosides (IGs) in Plantago lanceolata, aucubin and catalpol, on the performance of a specialist and two generalist herbivores and the...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-011-9983-7
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The milfoil weevil Euhrychiopsis lecontei is a specialist aquatic herbivore that feeds, oviposits, and mates on the invasive freshwater macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum. We characterized the weevil's preference for M. spicatum, and through bioassay-driven fractionation, isolated and identified two chemicals released b...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-005-8399-7
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In studies of feeding by the bark beetle, Ips paraconfusus, two pine stilbenes (pinosylvin and pinosylvin methyl ether), ferulic acid glucoside, and enantiomers of the four most common sugars present in ponderosa pine phloem (sucrose, glucose, fructose, and raffinose) did not stimulate or reduce male feeding when assa...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1023885724220
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Latex occurs in 10% of plant families, has evolved independently many times, and is the most effective defense of milkweeds against its chewing herbivores. Here we report on new experiments on the heritability and inducibility of latex in several milkweed species. In addition, we review what is known about the genetic...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-019-01119-8
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Temporal gland secretion (TGS), obtained from 15 different mature African elephants in Kruger National Park was analyzed for volatile constituents. Only five volatile components were present.p-Cresol was present in all samples, but phenol was found as an appreciable component of only one sample and as trace amounts in...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00994782
更新日期：1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aggregation pheromones were isolated fromCryptolestes pusillus (Schönherr), a coleopteran pest of stored products. Porapak Q-captured beetle and frass volatiles were fractionated by preparative gas-liquid chromatography. The fractions were bioassayed with an arena olfactometer and/or with a two-choice, pitfall olfacto...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01020675
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new blend of volatiles was identified for the fruit of downy red hawthorn, Crataegus mollis, that is attractive to Rhagoletis pomonella flies infesting this host in the northeastern USA. The new blend was as attractive as the previously identified mixture but is more complex in the number of odorants (six in the old...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s10886-018-0977-6
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:TheMaladera matrida beetle (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Melolonthinae), a relatively new species to science, was first identified in Israel in 1983. In the course of field observations it was found that adultM. matrida beetles emerged from the soil at sunset to feed and mate. During the first 20 min of flight, most of t...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02036200
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seasonal changes in the production of primary nutrients (soluble carbohydrates) and secondary metabolites (terpenes, monomeric phenolics, and tannins) in the current needle tissue of Douglas fir were investigated. All four classes of compounds showed significant seasonal changes in concentration during foliage develop...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02036736
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individual analysis of the female sex pheromone of the adzuki bean borer, Ostrinia scapulalis, has shown that the sex pheromone of this species comprised (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11-14:OAc) and (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14:OAc) at variable blend ratios. The pheromone blend could be tentatively categorized ...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1014540011854
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Racemicezo-brevicomin, racemic frontalin, and myrcene were released at two proportions (5∶1∶400 and 1∶1∶1), each at three levels (1 ×, 10 ×, and 100 ×) in a ponderosa pine forest in central California. The 5∶1∶400 mix was based on an estimate of the relative amounts released from a ponderosa pine under attack by the w...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00988303
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inhibition of ATP synthesis, proton uptake, and electron transport (basal, phosphorylating, and uncoupled) from water to methylviologen by zaluzanin C indicates that it acts as an electron transport inhibitor. Uncoupled photosystem I electron transport rate was not affected by zaluzanin C; however, uncoupled photo...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00981914
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The alfalfa seed chalcid (ASC),Bruchophagus roddi, is a monophagous pest of alfalfa that parasitizes developing seeds. To further understand the olfactory basis of host-plant recognition by ASCs, we recorded electroantennograms (EAGs) from females and males to 39 volatiles from both alfalfa and red clover. The chemore...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00994235
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The free-living soil nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans forms a nonfeeding dispersal stage at the second molt called the dauer larva when exposed to environmental cues indicating crowding and limited food. An improved bioassay, tenfold more sensitive than that used previously, has been used in the characterization of the ...
journal_title：Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00988553
更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00
