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Pseudo-aneurysm of a lumbar artery after flexion-distraction injury of the thoraco-lumbar spine and surgical realignment: rupture treated by endovascular embolization.

Abstract：

STUDY DESIGN:A unique case of pseudo-aneurysm of a lumbar artery after injury of the thoracolumbar spine was presented. OBJECTIVE:To describe the exceptional occurrence of pseudo-aneurysm of a lumbar artery after flexion-distraction fracture of thoracolumbar junction and to discuss the mechanism of formation and the therapeutic solution. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA:Injury of a lumbar artery represents a potential cause of massive, life-threatening, retroperitoneal bleeding. It may be associated with lesions of the abdomen, lower limbs, pelvic bones, and spinal column. Fracture of a transverse process may be responsible for direct laceration of a lumbar artery, but formation of a pseudo-aneurysm is an uncommon event. The diagnosis is difficult and often delayed. The treatment of choice is endovascular embolization. METHODS:In a patient who had a posttraumatic severe thoracolumbar vertebral dislocation with complete spinal cord lesion after road accident, we performed surgical reduction and stabilization via posterior approach. After 7 days, he developed a progressive anemia due to retroperitoneal hemorrhage and formation of a pseudo-aneurysm of the lumbar artery at L1 level. RESULTS:Endovascular embolization achieved resolution of the pseudo-aneurysm, regression of the hematoma and progressive recovery of the patient during a period of 6 months. CONCLUSION:Pseudo-aneurysm of a lumbar artery has never previously been described in association with flexion-distraction type vertebral fracture, in which the spinal column is subjected to greater, shear-type, forces. Stretching of the arterial wall due to the traumatic dislocation of the spine and subsequent surgical realignment may be considered as the mechanism of formation and rupture of the pseudo-aneurysm. Dangerous bleeding in the retroperitoneal space and in the operative field can be effectively managed by endovascular intervention.

journal_name

Spine (Phila Pa 1976)

journal_title

Spine

authors

Domenicucci M,Ramieri A,Lenzi J,Fontana E,Martini S

doi

10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181624b93

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-02-01 00:00:00

pages

E81-4

issue

eissn

0362-2436

issn

1528-1159

pii

00007632-200802010-00023

journal_volume

pub_type

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Pseudo-aneurysm of a lumbar artery after flexion-distraction injury of the thoraco-lumbar spine and surgical realignment: rupture treated by endovascular embolization.