Abstract:
PURPOSE:To determine whether caspase or cathepsin pathways are activated in human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19) after exposure to 7-ketocholesterol (7kCh). METHODS:ARPE-19 cells were exposed to 7kCh with or without z-VAD-fmk, a pan-caspase inhibitor. Caspase-3, -8, and -9 activities were measured by a fluorochrome inhibitor of caspase (FLICA) assay. Caspase-12 activity was detected by Western blotting. RT-PCR was performed for 18s, mortalin-2, cathepsins B, D, and L/V2. RESULTS:At 24 hours, 7kCh-treated cultures had increased caspase-8 (P < 0.001) and caspase-3 (P < 0.001) activities compared with vehicle-treated cultures. 7kCh-induced caspase-3 activation was blocked by z-VAD-fmk (P < 0.001). Caspase-9 was not activated by 7kCh treatment (P > 0.05). Procaspase-12 was cleaved into its active form after treatment with 7kCh for 24 hours. At 6 hours, the RNA level for mortalin-2, a pro-survival gene, was upregulated. ARPE-19 cells did not express RNA for cathepsins B, D, or L/V2 under any conditions. CONCLUSIONS:In ARPE-19 cells, 7kCh-induced apoptosis uses the receptor-mediated caspase-8 pathway and the endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced caspase-12 pathway but not the mitochondrial caspase-9 pathway. The cathepsin pathways are not involved in 7kCh-induced cell death. These data demonstrate that 7kCh causes a loss of cell viability through caspase-dependent apoptosis and can act as an oxidative stressor leading to retinal pigment epithelial cell atrophy. Elucidating the specific apoptotic pathways involved may have therapeutic potential for AMD and other retinal diseases.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Luthra S,Fardin B,Dong J,Hertzog D,Kamjoo S,Gebremariam S,Butani V,Narayanan R,Mungcal JK,Kuppermann BD,Kenney MCdoi
10.1167/iovs.06-0333subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-12-01 00:00:00pages
5569-75issue
12eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
47/12/5569journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:Glaucoma is the second most frequent cause of visual impairment worldwide. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) causes glaucomatous optic nerve damage, especially in the primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) subtype. As most previous studies on IOP genetics were analyses of glaucomatous families, a study of general...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.09-3979
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Growing evidence suggests the involvement of the macula even in early stages of glaucoma. However, little is known about the impact of glaucomatous macular damage on central pattern vision. Here we examine the contrast requirement for letter recognition and its relationship with retinal thickness in the macular...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-22621
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of systemic hypoxia on the maintained firing rate (MFR) of single retinal ganglion cells has been measured in the cat at a constant luminance level. Systemic hypoxia was produced by reducing the percentage of oxygen in the respiratory mixture under forced ventilation so that arterial PCO2 and pH were consta...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A disruption of the blood-aqueous barrier in rabbit eyes was elicited by use of topical prostaglandin E2(PGE2), infrared irradiation of the iris, or by subcutaneous alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH). The aqueous flare provoked was measured quantitatively with a photoelectric instrument. The effect of th...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate spatial anisotropies in the peripheral visual field of axially myopic eyes, in an attempt to distinguish between models of isotropic and anisotropic ocular stretching. METHODS:Stimuli consisted of two high-contrast Gaussian patches presented in one of four orientations (90 degrees, 180 degrees, ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0127
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in tumor burden and hypoxia in the LH(BETA)T(AG) retinal tumors after treatment with a focal, single-modality, and combination therapy using periocular carboplatin and 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2-DG). METHODS:Seventeen-week-old LH(BETA)T(AG) transgenic mice (n = 25) w...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.09-5033
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Primates and rodents are used widely as animal models of glaucoma, but each has significant limitations. Researchers need additional animal models that closely resemble the relevant anatomy and pathologic features of the human disease to more quickly advance research. We validate a novel glaucoma animal model i...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-24261
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose. Experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU), a Th1/Th17 cell-mediated autoimmune disease induced in mice, serves as a model of human endogenous uveitis. In this model, proinflammatory cytokines and various stimuli activate the transcriptional factor, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), in the retina. The thera...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.09-4030
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Asymmetry in disease progression between left and right eyes can occur in Stargardt disease (STGD1), and this needs to be considered in novel therapeutic trials with a fellow-eye paired controlled design. This study investigated the inter-eye discordance of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and progression of...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-20963
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The organization of scleral collagen helps to determine the eye's biomechanical response to intraocular pressure (IOP), and may therefore be important in glaucoma. This study provides a quantitative assessment of changes in scleral collagen fibril organization in bead-induced murine experimental glaucoma. METH...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-15047
更新日期:2014-09-16 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Pathologic myopia described as myopia accompanied by severe deformation of the eye besides excessive elongation of eye, is usually a genetic heterogeneous disorder characterized by extreme, familial, early-onset vision loss. However, the exact pathogenesis of pathologic myopia remains unclear. In this study, we...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-20941
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:Adult central nervous system (CNS) neurons are unable to regenerate their axons after injury. Krüppel-like transcription factor (KLF) family members regulate intrinsic axon growth ability in vitro and in vivo, but mechanisms downstream of these transcription factors are not known. Methods:Purified retinal gang...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-23319
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Dry eye syndrome (DES) is characterized by an increase in tear osmolarity and induction of the expression and nuclear localization of an osmoprotective transcription factor (nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 [NFAT5]) that plays an important role in providing protection against hyperosmotic tears. In this st...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.13-13850
更新日期:2014-04-21 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To test the hypothesis that overexpression of genes coding for the anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 or Bcl-XL in photoreceptor cells may prevent or delay photoreceptor degenerations. METHODS:Transgenic mice were generated in which the bcl-2 or bcl-XL transgenes were expressed in photoreceptor cells under the tran...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the effect of disease severity and optic disc size on the diagnostic accuracies of optic nerve head (ONH), retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), and macular parameters with RTVue (Optovue, Fremont, CA) spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) in glaucoma. METHODS:110 eyes of 62 normal subje...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-5546
更新日期:2011-03-10 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Experiments in chickens have implicated the transcription factor ZENK (also known as Egr-1, NGFI-A, zif268, tis8, cef5, and Krox24) in the feedback mechanisms for visual control of axial eye growth and myopia development. ZENK is upregulated in retinal glucagon amacrine cells when axial eye growth is inhibited ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.06-0851
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To investigate the relationship between lens power and age as well as the relationship between lens power and axial length (AL) in Chinese children and adolescents. Methods:The participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination that included AL, cycloplegic refraction, and Pentacam measurements. The...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-22639
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the roles played by toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) in cultured human corneal endothelial (HCEn) cells after herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection and to characterize the TLR9-mediated antiviral responses. METHOD:Immortalized HCEn cells were examined for TLR expression. The upregulation of inf...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-7805
更新日期:2011-08-24 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To identify the chromosomal location of the gene causing snowflake vitreoretinal degeneration (SVD), an autosomal dominant retinal degeneration characterized by small yellow-white dots in the retina, fibrillar anomaly of the vitreous humor, and retinal detachment. METHODS:Clinical data were collected on 31 fam...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0722
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:To evaluate the corneal endothelial characteristics across the primary angle closure (PAC) disease spectrum amongst patients diagnosed as PAC suspects (PACS), PAC, PAC glaucoma (PACG), and previous acute PAC (APAC). Methods:We analyzed a total of 529 subjects (51 PACS, 170 PAC, 234 PACG, and 74 with previous A...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.18-24939
更新日期:2018-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure of denuded rabbit corneal stromal carriers for 24 hr at 37 degrees C to suspensions of rabbit corneal epithelial cells grown in tissue culture resulted in the establishment of a cell layer on the carriers. The cell layers persisted for at least 1 week of incubation and were one to three cells thick. They cons...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to assess qualitatively the expression of adhesion molecules by human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and to study their regulation by inflammatory cytokines. These molecular events and the role played by inflammatory cytokines are important for selective lymphocyte trafficking in...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To demonstrate the effectiveness of Hierarchical Bayesian (HB) approach in a modeling framework for association effects that accounts for SEs of vision-specific latent traits assessed using Rasch analysis. METHODS:A systematic literature review was conducted in four major ophthalmic journals to evaluate Rasch ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-14195
更新日期:2014-07-11 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:In many individuals with pattern strabismus, the vertical misalignment varies with horizontal eye position. It has been proposed that these cross-axis effects result from abnormal cross-talk between brainstem structures that would normally encode horizontal and vertical eye position and velocity. The nucleus pr...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.61.5.45
更新日期:2020-05-11 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To test the hypothesis that changes in the viscoelastic material properties of peripapillary sclera are present within monkey eyes at the onset of early experimental glaucoma detected by confocal scanning laser tomography (CSLT). METHODS:Short-term (3-9 weeks), moderate (< or =44 mm Hg) intraocular pressure (I...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0114
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine if cataract surgery on eyes with AMD confers as much functional visual improvement as surgery on eyes without retinal pathology. METHODS:This is a retrospective analysis of 4924 cataract surgeries from the Veterans Healthcare Administration Ophthalmic Surgical Outcomes Data Project (OSOD). We incl...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-16069
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Migration of Müller glial cells is enhanced in proliferative retinopathies, but the mechanisms involved are ill defined. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is a bioactive sphingolipid synthesized by sphingosine kinase (SphK), which promotes proliferation, migration, and inflammation, acting as an intracellular media...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-16195
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Large copy number variations (CNV) can contribute to increased burden for neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we analyzed the genome-wide burden of large CNVs > 100 kb in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG), a neurodegenerative disease of the eye that is the largest cause of irreversible blindness. METHO...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-14339
更新日期:2014-04-24 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We investigated age-related change in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses (RNFLT) measured with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) in healthy individuals. METHODS:In this cross-sectional study, peripapillary RNFL measurement was performed using a Cirrus SD-OCT device. Linear ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.13-12634
更新日期:2013-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::The morphologic effects on rabbit corneal endothelium of several common ophthalmic vehicle constituents were examined following subconjunctival administration. Profound dose-dependent changes consisting of intercellular vacuolization and thickening of the endothelial layer were noted within 1 day following administrat...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00