Females, but not males, show greater pupillary response to direct- than deviated-gaze faces.

Abstract:

:Under suitable conditions, pupillary dilation is a reliable index of processing activity. Pupil size was tracked in male and female observers following the presentation of face stimuli for an age-judgment task. The eyes on the faces were either directed towards the observer or deviated to the side. Pupil dilation accompanied processing of the faces, but female observers showed significantly more sustained pupil dilation when viewing direct- than deviated-gaze faces over the period 3 to 7 s after stimulus onset, regardless of stimulus sex. In contrast, male observers did not show a consistent pattern in response to either the gaze or sex of the face stimuli. These findings indicate a sex difference in the processing of gaze direction and suggest that females, but not males, apply increased effort to processing socially relevant (direct-gaze) than irrelevant (deviated-gaze) faces. They also demonstrate that pupillary measurement can potentially provide new insights into the processing of even visual input, provided reflexes are sufficiently controlled.

journal_name

Perception

journal_title

Perception

authors

Porter G,Hood BM,Troscianko T

doi

10.1068/p5438

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2006-01-01 00:00:00

pages

1129-36

issue

8

eissn

0301-0066

issn

1468-4233

journal_volume

35

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Evidence for an attentional component of the perceptual misalignment between moving and flashing stimuli.

    abstract::If a pair of dots, diametrically opposed to each other, is flashed in perfect alignment with another pair of dots rotating about the visual fixation point, most observers perceive the rotating dots as being ahead of the flashing dots (flash-lag effect). This psychophysical effect was first interpreted as the result of...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p3302

    authors: Baldo MV,Kihara AH,Namba J,Klein SA

    更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00

  • Geometric and perceptual effects of the location of the observer vantage point for linear-perspective images.

    abstract::New geometric analyses are presented of three impressive examples of the effects of location of the vantage point on virtual 3-D spaces conveyed by linear-perspective images. In the 'egocentric-road' effect, the perceived direction of the depicted road is always pointed towards the observer, for any position of the va...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p5225

    authors: Todorović D

    更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00

  • A test of the gravity lens theory.

    abstract::Naito and Cole [1994, in Contributions to Mathematical Psychology: Psychometrics and Methodology Eds G H Fischer and D Laming (New York: Springer)] provide a configuration which they describe as the Gravity Lens illusion. In this configuration, four small dots are presented in proximity to four large disks, and one is...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p271221

    authors: Greene E

    更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00

  • Perceptions of synchrony: different strokes for different folks?

    abstract::The spectacle of synchronous activity is both engaging and, for the social perceiver, informative. Judgments of the quality of social interactions covary with key characteristics of coordination dynamics (ie relative phase). Here we examined the converse relationship--are perceptions of synchrony shaped by social fact...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p7360

    authors: Lumsden J,Miles LK,Macrae CN

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • Global shape information increases but color information decreases the composite face effect.

    abstract::The separation of visual shape and surface information may be useful for understanding holistic face perception--that is, the perception of a face as a single unit (Jiang, Blanz, & Rossion, 2011, Visual Cognition, 19, 1003-1034). A widely used measure of holistic face perception is the composite face effect (CFE), in ...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p7826

    authors: Retter TL,Rossion B

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • Veering re-visited: noise and posture cues in walking without sight.

    abstract::Effects of sound and posture cues on veering from the straight-ahead were tested with young blind children in an unfamiliar space that lacked orienting cues. In a pre-test with a previously heard target sound, all subjects walked straight to the target. A recording device, which sampled the locomotor trajectories auto...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p2876

    authors: Millar S

    更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00

  • Phenomenal competition for poses of the human head.

    abstract::We show a cylindrical projection of the human head. This projection is ambiguous with respect to head pose. Viewing such a projection produces perceptual competition for a few discrete views. ...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p250367

    authors: Kersten D,Troje NF,Bülthoff HH

    更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00

  • Mechanisms for seeing transparency-from-motion and orientation-from-motion.

    abstract::Structure-from-motion (SFM) perception is hypothesised to be mediated by units that sense the near-far relationships in transparency-from-motion (TFM) and orientation-from-motion (OFM). The frequency of subjective reversals during observation of ambiguous SFM displays is considerably decreased when either the directio...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p2997

    authors: Poom L

    更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00

  • Marr: an appreciation.

    abstract::The following is based largely on sections of our two recent books: Frisby and Stone (2010, Seeing MIT Press), and Stone (2012, Vision and Brain MIT Press). Those books are aimed at student/ novice audiences, and so we have eliminated material of a wholly introductory nature for this special issue of Perception. Howev...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p7311

    authors: Frisby JP,Stone JV

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • Random-dot motion displaces Ehrenstein illusion.

    abstract::When a random-dot screen is used as a background for Ehrenstein figures, brightness enhancement is replaced by a change of grain and structure. Dots in the illusory area appear less densely packed and may be perceived as concentrically organized. When the screen is moved with respect to the Ehrenstein figures, the ill...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p100411

    authors: Spillmann L,Redies C

    更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00

  • Timing accuracy in motion extrapolation: reverse effects of target size and visible extent of motion at low and high speeds.

    abstract::By varying target size, speed, and extent of visible motion we examined the timing accuracy in motion extrapolation. Small or large targets (0.2 or 0.8 deg) moved at either 2.5, 5, or 10 deg s(-1) across a horizontal path (2.5 or 10 deg) and then vanished behind an occluder. Observers responded when they judged that t...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p3397

    authors: Sokolov A,Pavlova M

    更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00

  • Size perception is less context-sensitive in males.

    abstract::Context sensitivity of size perception has previously been used to study individual differences related to the distinction between local, analytic, or field-independent and global, holistic, or field-dependent perceptual styles. For example, it has been used in several recent studies of autistic spectrum disorders, wh...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p5110

    authors: Phillips WA,Chapman KL,Berry PD

    更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00

  • How to catch a cricket ball.

    abstract::A cricket or baseball fielder can run so as to arrive at just the right place at just the right time to catch a ball. It is shown that if the fielder runs so that d2(tan alpha)/dt2 = 0, where alpha is the angle of elevation of gaze from fielder to ball, then the ball will generally be intercepted before it hits the gr...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p221427

    authors: Dienes Z,McLeod P

    更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00

  • Infants' discrimination of faces by using biological motion cues.

    abstract::We report two experiments in which we used animated averaged faces to examine infants' ability to perceive and discriminate facial motion. The faces were generated by using the motion recorded from the faces of volunteers while they spoke. We tested infants aged 4-8 months to assess their ability to discriminate facia...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p5379

    authors: Spencer J,O'Brien J,Johnston A,Hill H

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • The effect of language on visual contrast sensitivity.

    abstract::Embodied cognition and perceptual symbol theories assume that higher cognition interacts with and is grounded in perception and action. Recent experiments have shown that language processing interacts with perceptual processing in various ways, indicating that linguistic representations have a strong perceptual charac...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p7010

    authors: Pelekanos V,Moutoussis K

    更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00

  • Necessary considerations for a theory of form perception: a theoretical and empirical reply to Boselie and Leeuwenberg (1986)

    abstract::Boselie and Leeuwenberg (1986) recently defended their version of the minimum principle, called structural information theory or SIT, against a varied set of criticisms. Two of the most notable of these criticisms are (i) that perceptual organization can proceed as a piecemeal, rather than as a global, process (as dem...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 评论,杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p180105

    authors: Peterson MA,Hochberg J

    更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00

  • Visual feature binding in early infancy.

    abstract::How does the developing brain of the human infant solve the feature-binding problem when visual stimuli consisting of multiple colored objects are presented? A habituation--dishabituation procedure revealed that 1-month-old infants have the ability to discriminate changes in the conjunction of a familiar shape and col...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p3167

    authors: Taga G,Ikejiri T,Tachibana T,Shimojo S,Soeda A,Takeuchi K,Konishi Y

    更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00

  • Global visual completion of quasi-regular shapes.

    abstract::The topic of amodal completion has often been investigated by using partly occluded shapes that are regular. In research that has typically been done with displays such as these regular shapes, it has been shown that global aspects of a shape can determine completion. To see how robust these global influences in the c...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p3374

    authors: de Wit TC,van Lier RJ

    更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluating models of collinearity judgment for reliability and scale.

    abstract::In prior work from this laboratory, we have examined how accurately subjects can judge collinearity, i.e. alignment, as a function of the angular position of stimulus elements. In those experiments, subjects were presented with a line segment (or a pair of dots) which varied across the 360 degrees range of angular pos...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p3180

    authors: Greene E,Frawley W

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Feature integration across parts in visual search.

    abstract::In the present study, participants searched for a conjunction of color and orientation either from the same part of an object (same-part display), or from different parts of an object (different-part display). While no difference was found between the two display conditions in single feature searches, conjunction sear...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p3431

    authors: Xu Y

    更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of orientation-selective adaptation on the Zöllner illusion.

    abstract::The model of inhibitory interaction between orientation detectors was examined by prolonged presentation of grating patterns (which was expected to induce orientation-selective adaptation) before measurement of the Zöllner illusion. Adaptation effects were measured under conditions which excluded intrusion by the tilt...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p160473

    authors: Morikawa K

    更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00

  • Learning to see stereokinetic effects.

    abstract::The Saturn illusion is a stereokinetic effect that occurs when a flat pattern composed of a full ellipse with two symmetrical semirings is rotated slowly in the frontoparallel plane. Subjects report seeing an egg-shaped object inserted into a circular ring, and the two objects move solidly into 3-D space as a single r...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p160187

    authors: Bressan P,Vallortigara G

    更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00

  • Temporal properties of colour and shape priming: evidence of multiple components of attention.

    abstract::It has been shown in several studies that the selection of letters or numerals from an array can occur efficiently if criteria such as location, colour, shape, or size are used. It is also known that there are at least two components of spatial attention, the transient exogenous and the sustained endogenous. An intere...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p231395

    authors: Laarni J,Häkkinen J

    更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00

  • Does visual perspective matter in imitation?

    abstract::Theories purporting to explain the cognitive processes underlying imitation and its taxonomic distribution have proliferated in recent years but a common assumption is that imitators must adopt a model's mental or visual perspective. Data on thirty-six adult subjects were used to test the hypothesis that imitative lea...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p271461

    authors: Sambrook TD

    更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00

  • Philosophy, perception, and neuroscience.

    abstract::This paper presents the results of some recent experiments in neuroscience and perceptual science that reveal the role of virtual reality in normal visual perception, and the use of television technology by the visual brain. This involves particularly the cholinergic system in the forebrain. This research throws new l...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p6025

    authors: Smythies J

    更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00

  • Face recognition in pictures is affected by perspective transformation but not by the centre of projection.

    abstract::Recognition of unfamiliar faces is susceptible to image differences caused by angular sizes subtended from the face to the camera. Research on perception of cubes suggests that apparent distortions of a shape due to large camera angle are correctable by placing the observer at the centre of projection, especially when...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1068/p5545

    authors: Liu CH,Ward J

    更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00

  • Comparison of Tactile Temporal Numerosity Judgments Between Unimanual and Bimanual Presentations.

    abstract::In recent years a growing interest has emerged in numerosity perception in touch. Most of the studies on tactile numerosity perception have investigated its spatial aspect by testing the ability to count the number of items presented simultaneously. On the other hand, only a small number of studies have examined its t...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1177/0301006615616753

    authors: Iida N,Kuroki S,Watanabe J

    更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00

  • Neon flank and illusory contour: interaction between the two processes leads to color filling-in.

    abstract::Two aspects of neon color spreading, local color spreading (neon flank) and illusory contour, were investigated by dichoptic viewing. Neon flank was not observed under appropriate dichoptic stimulation, suggesting that input to the process for local color spreading is based on monocular configuration. However, illusor...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p210313

    authors: Takeichi H,Shimojo S,Watanabe T

    更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00

  • Modifications of the classical notion of Panum's fusional area.

    abstract::It is generally believed that there is an absolute disparity limit for binocular fusion; objects with disparities within this limit, known as Panum's fusional area, will appear fused and single, while objects with disparities outside the limit appear double. It is demonstrated, however, that the disparity gradient, ra...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p090671

    authors: Burt P,Julesz B

    更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00

  • Modelling the Mach bands illusion by means of a diffusion model.

    abstract::First, we criticize the validity of the principle of lateral inhibition. Second, on the basis of illusory phenomena and stabilized retinal images, we point out that the retina does not code the absolute luminance; the retina forwards a relative luminance sketch towards higher levels of the visual system. However, at t...

    journal_title:Perception

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1068/p7767

    authors: Geier J,Hudák M

    更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00