Abstract:
:In a very short time, COX-2 enzyme inhibitors have gone from the darlings to the pariahs of the pharmaceutical industry. These drugs were developed based on the hypothesis whereby selective inhibition of the COX enzyme would lead to reduction in pain and inflammation without associated gastrointestinal and bleeding risks. However, in September 2004, rofecoxib was voluntarily removed from the market for increased cardiovascular risk and in April 2005, valdecoxib was also withdrawn, at least in part, due to excess cardiovascular risk. Celecoxib was the first COX-2 inhibitor introduced and the only remaining one on the US market. There is consequently a justified concern that cardiovascular toxicity is a class effect of all COX-2 inhibitors. This article systematically reviews the evidence surrounding COX-2 inhibitors and cardiovascular risk. Although the evidence suggests a fairly consistent cardiovascular risk with rofecoxib, the evidence for cardiovascular risk with celecoxib is more equivocal. Although isolated studies have suggested some cardiovascular risk for celecoxib, the totality of the evidence suggests that any risk is likely to be small and comparable to traditional NSAIDs. The cardiovascular risks of COX-2 inhibitors appear heterogeneous, influenced not only by the drug class, but also individual drug, dosage and patient characteristics. Specific modifying factors of the cardiovascular risk of COX-2 inhibitors including dose, concomitant drugs, individual cardiac and genetic risk profiles, will require further study.
journal_name
Expert Opin Drug Safjournal_title
Expert opinion on drug safetyauthors
Brophy JMdoi
10.1517/14740338.4.6.1005keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-11-01 00:00:00pages
1005-15issue
6eissn
1474-0338issn
1744-764Xjournal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Psychosis in Alzheimer's disease is common and troublesome. The impact on the quality of life of both patients and caregivers is high and drug treatments raise concern in terms of both efficacy and safety. Therefore, identifying the risk factors that play an important role in the onset of psychosis is mandatory for th...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740330903099636
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is estimated that over three-quarters of a million people are injured or die in hospitals each year from adverse drug events (ADEs). The majority of medical errors result from poorly designed healthcare systems rather than from negligence on the part of healthcare providers. In general, healthcare systems rely on v...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.3.5.449
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:There is now 16 years' worth of established results of various trials demonstrating the bortezomib efficiency in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Over this time, the introduction of bortezomib has been a major break through in the treatment of multiple myeloma. Bortezomib can be administered in the outpa...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2018.1513487
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Unintended harm from prescribing errors remains a prevalent concern in healthcare leading to significant morbidity and mortality around the world. Prescribers face new challenges to their practice in modern times such as increasingly complex health-care systems, an aging population with increasing multimor...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2019.1571038
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Literature regarding acute human toxicity of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium (EC-MPS) is limited. OBJECTIVES:Our objectives were to describe all cases of overdose with MMF or EC-MPS reported to the Swiss Toxicological Information Centre (STIC) or in the literature between...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2014.903032
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Mood stabilizer (MS) plus antipsychotic (AP) co-treatment is common in patients with acute bipolar disorder (BD), but adverse effects (AEs) of this strategy have not been systematically reviewed. AREAS COVERED:We conducted a systematic review searching PubMed/MEDLINE and PsycINFO on April 1, 2015 for rand...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2015.1053457
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Aripiprazole is a third generation antipsychotic approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of schizophrenia. Aripiprazole is available as oral and long-acting injectable (LAI) depot formulations, with a unique mechanism of action comprising partial D2 and serotonin 5-HT1A agon...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14740338.2020.1832990
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction: Rucaparib is increasingly being utilized for women with recurrent ovarian cancer both as treatment and maintenance therapy. Poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors like rucaparib are daily oral medication that exploit the DNA repair pathway. The most significant clinical benefit is in those tumors e...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2018.1550067
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Regulatory authorities have a legal mandate to implement and maintain a Pharmacovigilance System designed to monitor the safety of authorised medicinal products and detect any change to their risk-benefit balance. Areas covered: This review maps the implementation of pharmacovigilance activities in Malta s...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2017.1247806
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Evolocumab is an injectable, fully human monoclonal antibody and a member of the newest class of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) lowering agents called proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors. The PCSK9 inhibitors are the most significant advance in lipid therapy since ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2018.1389892
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of the numerous topics discussed during the eighth annual meeting of the Safety Pharmacology (SP) Society the author identified the following key topics: i) the impact of hERG (human ether-à-go-go related gene) channel data on drug development, ii) safety evaluation of biological products, iii) opportunities and expec...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type:
doi:10.1517/14740330902760360
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Sulfasalazine (SASP) is a drug commonly used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease (CD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). A high incidence of side effects limits therapy with this drug. Getting a wider knowledge of drug pharmacology, indications a...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2011.529898
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The antimalarial drug hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is widely used to treat various rheumatic diseases. Many autoimmune diseases occur in women of child-bearing age who may become pregnant while on therapy, which raises concerns regarding the teratogenicity of HCQ and its effect on the outcome of the pregnancy....
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2011.566555
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Millions of women worldwide use the combined oral contraceptive pill as an effective form of contraception. However, the focus on its side effects to date has mainly been on physical aspects, even though the most commonly stated reason for discontinuation is depression. There are surprisingly few large studies investi...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.6.4.371
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thionamides, selective inhibitors of thyroid peroxidase-mediated iodination by tyrosine residues in thyroglobulin, have been effectively used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism. The choices for initial treatment of patients with Graves' disease differ in various countries, and many physicians around the world prefer ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.5.1.107
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:ACE-inhibitors (ACEI) and diuretics are the typical first-line antihypertensive drugs with complementary mechanisms of action. The present paper is summarizing the evidence supporting the efficacy of their combination in a broad range of hypertensive patients. AREAS COVERED:This source of data is differen...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14740338.2020.1836151
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In the 1980s-1990s numerous studies were performed on H2-receptor antagonist inhibition of ethanol first-pass metabolism. Blood alcohol concentrations warranting possible driving under the influence citations in the United States have subsequently dropped from ≥100 mg/dL to 50 mg/dL (Utah in 2019) (30 mg/d...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2018.1512969
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::COX-2 selective inhibitors provide analgesia and blunt inflammation while also sparing the gastrointestinal tract from classic NSAID toxicity. Therapeutic effects are thought to result from inhibition of the inflammatory COX-2 isoform. Organ sparing is considered the result of preservation of homeostatic COX-1 enzyme ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.1.1.53
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cardiac injury is one of the most impairing side effects of anticancer treatment. The extension of the range of available drugs, the use of combination regimens and the association with radiation therapy have improved life expectancy; however, they have also caused a rising typology of cardiac toxicities, ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2012.705826
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD:Bisphosphonates are the most widely used antiresorptive agents for the treatment of osteoporosis. However, the cumulative bisphoshonate exposure and its association with atypical fragility fractures, and the optimum duration of treatment remain obscure. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW:This review ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2010.517192
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Objectives: To assess the risk of adverse events (AEs) associated with brentuximab vedotin in lymphoma patients.Methods: Articles were retrieved from PubMed, Cochrane, and Clinicaltrials Databases to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing brentuximab vedotin with non-brentuximab vedotin in lymphoma pat...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1080/14740338.2020.1718103
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This meeting was convened to encourage the incorporation of empirical and mechanism-based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) modelling into safety pharmacology to improve the predictability of nonclinical investigations for human outcomes. These technologies make use of mathematical expressions relating measured ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type:
doi:10.1517/14740338.6.4.465
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stroke is a common cause for morbidity and mortality, causing substantial economic costs. Because thrombosis plays a key role in the pathogenesis of ischaemic stroke, heparins, platelet inhibitors and anticoagulants have been used in stroke management. There were high hopes that patients might benefit from the use of ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740330903150157
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To describe the cumulative incidences of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients from real-world data (RWD), using the DREAM-RA registry, and to compare these with incidence frequencies mentioned in the Summary of Pro...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14740338.2020.1830058
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) is a novel solvent-free formulation of paclitaxel, which was developed to avoid toxicities associated with Cremophor EL® vehicle used in solvent-based paclitaxel. It is approved as monotherapy for treatment of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) in Europe a...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2014.893293
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Possible relationship between drug exposure and multiple sclerosis (MS) development is insufficiently investigated, and further challenged by the incomplete understanding of MS etiopathogenesis. The study aims to investigate whether drug exposure could contribute to MS, by analyzing worldwide spontaneous rep...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/14740338.2018.1506763
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are considered at higher risk of influenza-related complications and are listed worldwide among the subjects for whom yearly influenza vaccination is strongly recommended. However, influenza vaccination coverage of patients with ESRD is significantly lower than ...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2015.1053459
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drugs are currently an important cause of liver disease, ranked as the most frequent reason for acute liver failure. Despite recent advances in knowledge of the mechanisms implicated in drug-induced hepatocellular damage and cholestasis, as well as the identification of several risk factors, the diagnosis of hepatotox...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.3.4.329
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is widely used around the world. However, with its wide use has been the identification of a number of toxicological issues that have severely restricted its use in clinical treatment. The identification of these toxic substances within TCM has become somewhat of a hot to...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1517/14740338.2012.726610
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a cause of significant morbidity and mortality. Catheter ablation for AF (CAAF) has emerged as an effective treatment option of rhythm control for patients with symptomatic AF. However, the risk of thromboembolism and bleeding in the periprocedural period represent a worrisome c...
journal_title:Expert opinion on drug safety
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14740338.2017.1325867
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00