Abstract:
:The investigation examined the mechanism of the increase in brain tryptophan concentration of rats treated with d-amphetamine. Certain well recognised influences upon brain tryptophan have been excluded as responsible. Thus, the effect is not associated with changes in the plasma concentrations of NEFA or free tryptophan. It is probably not due to a tryptophan-specific mechanism, because amphetamine increases the ratio of brain/plasma concentrations not only of tryptophan but also of tyrosine and phenylalanine. The concentration ratios for liver/plasma also rose, as did the liver tryptophan concentration, but these changes were less striking than for brain. Both alpha- and beta-adrenergic blocking drugs opposed the changes in brain, but in different ways. Thus, after treatment of rats with phentolamine, amphetamine decreased the plasma concentrations of the three aromatic amino acids; however, as the brain concentrations were little altered, the brain/plasma concentration ratios rose. Propranolol (and the dopamine blocker pimozide) opposed the increases of the ratios, so that the brain concentrations again altered little. The increased brain/plasma ratios resulting from the administration of amphetamine were associated with hyperthermia. Propranolol, pimozide and the diabetogenic drug streptozotocin opposed the changes in both plasma and brain; phentolamine affected neither. Despite the increase in brain tryptophan caused by amphetamine this drug had relatively little concurrent effect on 5HT synthesis. Experiments with adrenergic blockers suggest that the small rise of plasma insulin after the injection of amphetamine into rats did not cause the brain changes; these are probably a consequence of hyperthermia. The findings with streptozotocin suggest that the hyperthermic effect of amphetamine is manifested only in states of normal insulin secretion.
journal_name
Eur J Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of pharmacologyauthors
Fernando JC,Curzon Gdoi
10.1016/0014-2999(78)90307-2keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1978-06-15 00:00:00pages
339-49issue
4eissn
0014-2999issn
1879-0712pii
0014-2999(78)90307-2journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In the present study we investigated whether muscarinic receptors in human airway smooth muscle are coupled to phosphoinositide metabolism as a possible transduction mechanism of contraction. Using isolated bronchial smooth muscle preparations, we found that the muscarinic agonist methacholine caused a time- and conce...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(89)90480-9
更新日期:1989-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::PK20M (Dmt-D-Lys-Phe-Phe-OH) is a novel modified endomorphin-2 (EM-2) peptide producing strong dose- and time-dependent antinociceptive activity. Yet its prototype, endogenous EM-2, has been reported to trigger respiratory and vascular effects such as apnea and hypotension. The purpose of this study was to investigate...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-10-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(84)90197-3
更新日期:1984-08-03 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Glucocorticoids can reverse hemodynamic disturbances and dependence on catecholamines in septic shock. The relevant beneficial mechanisms of steroids in septic shock are unknown, although inducible nitric oxide synthase could account for them. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of dexamethasone, a glucoc...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(03)02035-1
更新日期:2003-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Dantrolene sodium (DaNa) markedly depressed the frequency of spontaneous miniature potentials at the frog neuromuscular junction. Its action is still observed at low [Ca2+]o and is little affected by temperature; its effect is not readily reversible. Theophylline antagonises the action of DaNa. DaNa prevents the stimu...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(76)90122-9
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a nuclear enzyme activated by strand breaks in DNA, plays an important role in the colon injury associated with experimental colitis. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of 3-aminobenzamide (3-AB), an inhibitor of PARP activity, in the development of acute pancr...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.08.008
更新日期:2006-11-07 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.11.056
更新日期:2016-01-05 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.07.032
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In animals and man the antidysrhythmic agent disopyramide in primarily metabolised by mono-N-dealkylation. The effects of disopyramide and its N-dealkylated metabolite (MIP) have been investigated using isolated cardiac and nervous tissue, and their effects have been compared with the effects of other antidysrhythmic ...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(78)90313-8
更新日期:1978-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cinnamaldehyde is a principle compound isolated from Guizhi-Tang, which is a famous traditional Chinese medical formula used to treat influenza, common cold and other pyretic conditions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of cinnamaldehyde on expression and activity of cyclooxygenase (COX) and...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.03.002
更新日期:2006-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Pentobarbital anesthetized rats subjected to Noble-Collip drum trauma developed a shock state characterized by marked hypotension, increases in plasma cathepsin D (9.6-fold), free amino-nitrogen (4.0-fold), and myocardial depressant factor (5.2-fold) activities, and a survival time of 1.90 +/- 0.23 h. Following the in...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(90)90487-q
更新日期:1990-06-21 00:00:00
abstract::Migraine is a common painful neurovascular disorder usually associated with several symptoms, such as photophobia, phonophobia, nausea, vomiting and inflammation, and involves immune cells. Mast cells (MCs) are immune cells derived from hematopoietic pluripotent stem cells which migrate and mature close to epithelial,...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.12.004
更新日期:2019-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::The inflammation and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the basic pathological feature of proliferative vascular diseases. Tanshinone ⅡA (Tan ⅡA), which is the most abundant fat-soluble element extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, has potent protective effects on the cardiovascular system. Howeve...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173140
更新日期:2020-08-05 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(91)90383-2
更新日期:1991-03-19 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(88)90836-9
更新日期:1988-07-26 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of group 2- versus group 3-selective metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptor agonists were examined against forskolin (10 microM)-, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP; 1 microM)- and 5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA; 10 microM)-stimulated cAMP accumulations in adult rat hippocampal slices (in the presen...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(95)00747-4
更新日期:1996-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::Naloxone is known to decrease, increase or have no effect on nociceptive thresholds. Here, using two commonly accepted pain-related behaviors (licking and flinching) associated with injection of noxious formalin into a hind paw in rats, naloxone (0.1-1 mg/kg s.c.) simultaneously decreases and increases nociceptive res...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(93)90589-a
更新日期:1993-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::The existence of presynaptic autoreceptors modulating acetylcholine release from central cholinergic nerve endings was investigated by using rat hippocampal synaptosomes in a superfusion system. The presence of exogenous acetylcholine, carbachol or oxotremorine in the superfusion fluid produced a dose-dependent inhibi...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(81)90147-3
更新日期:1981-07-17 00:00:00
abstract::The contractile response of vascular smooth muscle is known to consist of fast and slow components of contraction. We investigated the effect of norepinephrine and angiotensin-II on these functional properties of vascular smooth muscle in a quantitative fashion by analyzing the velocity of isometric tension developmen...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(80)90274-5
更新日期:1980-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::We have assessed the capacity of two novel inhibitors to block cytokine-induced nitric oxide (NO) synthesis by macrophages and vascular smooth muscle cells, as well as NO production by the constitutive enzyme in central nervous system tissue. NG-Cyclopropyl-L-arginine selectively inhibited Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent NO...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(92)90221-o
更新日期:1992-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::The anticonvulsant activity of riluzole against sound-induced seizures was studied in the DBA/2 mouse model. Riluzole (0.1-4 mg kg(-1), intraperitoneal (i.p.)) produced dose-dependent effects with ED(50) values for the suppression of tonic, clonic and wild running phases of 0.72, 1.38 and 2.71 mg kg(-1), respectively....
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00709-3
更新日期:2000-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::Neurotoxins are harmful to nervous system and cause either neuronal cell death or impairment of synaptic activity, which contributes to Parkinson's disease or other neuronal disorders. Hippocampal synaptic plasticity was proposed as a cellular model for memory processing. In this study, we reported a novel effect of n...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.048
更新日期:2017-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Little research has been conducted investigating the long-term impact of opioid exposure during adolescence. These experiments were conducted to determine the behavioral effects of morphine exposure during periadolescence (postnatal days 30-32) versus young adulthood (postnatal days 65-67) on subsequent sensitivity to...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.10.026
更新日期:2005-12-28 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of N-ethylmaleimide or forskolin on electrically evoked dopamine release were investigated in striatal slices of rats pretreated with methamphetamine. N-Ethylmaleimide and forskolin both enhanced the evoked dopamine release in a concentration-dependent manner. The enhancement by N-ethylmaleimide of spontaneous...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(94)90135-x
更新日期:1994-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::Circadian rhythms in mammals are generated by master pacemaker cells located within the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. In hamsters, the suprachiasmatic nucleus contains a small collection of cells immunoreactive for substance P, the endogenous ligand of tachykinin neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors. In additio...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2005.10.012
更新日期:2005-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::Levonorgestrel (13beta-ethyl-17alpha-ethynyl-17beta-hydroxy-4-gonen-3-one), a potent contraceptive progestin stimulates growth and proliferation of cultured breast cancer cells through a receptor-mediated mechanism, even though levonorgestrel does not bind to the oestrogen receptor (ER). To assess whether the oestroge...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(01)01263-8
更新日期:2001-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the role of neurokinin A and tachykinin NK2 receptors in processing of nociceptive information at the spinal level, the selective NK2 receptor antagonist, SR 48968 (S)-N-methyl-N [4-(4-acetylamino-4-[phenyl piperidino)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-butyl] benzamide, was tested for its effects on the hyperalgesia...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(96)00262-2
更新日期:1996-07-11 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) inhibits synaptic transmission in hippocampal neurons. The goal of this study was to evaluate the ability of benchmark and emerging synthetic cannabinoids to suppress neuronal activity in vitro using two complementary techniques, Ca(2+) spiking and multi-electrode arrays (MEA...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.05.038
更新日期:2016-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::A series of potent bombesin antagonists based on the reduced C-terminal peptide bond modification which in the past resulted in the first really potent antagonists are compared for effects on bombesin-stimulated amylase release from and binding to rat and guinea pig pancreatic acini. It was found that the original mem...
journal_title:European journal of pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-2999(90)94109-b
更新日期:1990-11-06 00:00:00