Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:To determine whether an association exists between passive exposure to tobacco smoke and bacterial meningitis in childhood, in an Australian population. METHODOLOGY:A retrospective, case-controlled telephone survey of the parents of 71 children admitted to the Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, with bacterial meningitis between 1990 and 1999. RESULTS:The annual incidence of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) meningitis decreased significantly during the study period (11.0 cases per year 1991-93 and 1.5 cases per year 1994-99, Fisher's exact test; P < 0.001) whilst pneumococcal cases significantly increased (2.3 cases per year 1991-93 and 4.9 cases per year 1994-99, Fisher's exact test; P < 0.001). Although comparable numbers of cases and controls came from smoking families (41% vs 45%), more cases came from bi-parental smoking households (17% vs 8%; odds ratio (OR) = 2.20, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77-6.24) and cases were more likely to live in households where parents smoked inside (27% vs 13%; OR 2.51, 95% CI 1.05-6.03). In households where parents smoked, children who had had meningitis were significantly more likely to have parents who smoked inside the house, than children who had not had meningitis (66% vs 28%, Fisher's exact test; P = 0.005). CONCLUSION:This study suggests there may be an association between high levels of passive exposure to tobacco smoke and bacterial meningitis in Australian children. A study with larger numbers of affected children which quantifies passive exposure to tobacco smoke is needed to determine the strength of this association.
journal_name
J Paediatr Child Healthjournal_title
Journal of paediatrics and child healthauthors
Iles K,Poplawski NK,Couper RTdoi
10.1046/j.1440-1754.2001.00698.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-08-01 00:00:00pages
388-91issue
4eissn
1034-4810issn
1440-1754pii
jpc698journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Atopic dermatitis is a disorder with considerable social and financial costs. A recent Australian study indicates that the family stress related to the care of a child with moderate or severe atopic dermatitis is significantly greater than that of care of children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The factors ...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1754.1999.00343.x
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to determine whether the severity of symptoms associated with rotavirus infection was related to the serotype of the infecting virus. Severity of clinical symptoms in 108 children admitted to hospital for treatment of rotavirus diarrhoea was retrospectively assessed using a scoring system for...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.1992.tb02618.x
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To determine delivered O2 concentration (dFiO2) during manual inflations using neonatal self-inflating resuscitation bags (SIBs) at oxygen (O2) flow rates <1 L/min. METHODS:This experimental study, determined dFiO2 during 216 sets of manual inflations at different O2 flow rate (L/min; 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 5...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jpc.12269
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aims of our study were to review the Royal Children's Hospital cohort of children having thyroidectomy for thyroid nodules over the last 8 years and to report the changing pattern of thyroid cancer seen in our institution over that time. METHODS:We undertook a retrospective case-note review of all patie...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.2005.00724.x
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare the neurobehavioural outcome of children aged 6-12 years with severe closed head injury [sCHI] (coma > 24 h), mild-to-moderate head injury [mCHI] (coma < 6 h) and orthopaedic controls. METHODS:Twenty-nine children in each group, matched for age, sex and ethnicity, were assessed using the Glasgow ...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1754.1998.00239.x
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is a common, usually mild childhood illness caused by enteroviruses. Over the last five years, coxsackievirus A6 has been identified as a causative agent in outbreaks in Europe, South-East Asia and America. It has an atypical presentation compared with other enteroviruses, with more widespr...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jpc.12708
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine how changes in the rates of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) have varied in different income groups during a 25 year period. METHODOLOGY:Census data were obtained for five census periods (1971, 1976, 1981, 1986 and 1991) on the number of SIDS cases and inevitable deaths. Census area units (CAU)...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.1995.tb00848.x
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To compare adverse medication events (AMEs) reported in children, via the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems 10th Revision (ICD-10) coding with events reported via other data sources. METHOD:AME reports were retrieved using codes Y40-Y59 and X40-X44 over 6 months. Pati...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jpc.12684
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the risk of death for bed-sharing infants. METHODOLOGY:All unexpected infant deaths occurring in South Australia between 1970 and 1997, occurring after the infant was put to rest and diagnosed by after death scene investigation and autopsy as sudden death infant syndrome, accidental death, or 'und...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1754.2000.00548.x
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It was shown that oxygen-derived free radicals, and particularly the superoxide anion, are intermediaries in the formation and activation of osteoclasts. Many antioxidant defence systems depend on micronutrients or are micronutrients themselves. Oxidative stress might be related to bone indices in newborn in...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.2007.01184.x
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To report infant care practice prevalence for known modifiable sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) risk factors among a generally disadvantaged yet low-SIDS rate population of mothers with Pacific infants. METHODS:The Pacific Islands Families study follows a cohort of Pacific infants born at a large tertiary hospi...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.2007.01085.x
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:We aimed to identify key socioeconomic and health factors that are associated with a child's likelihood of being retained in kindergarten prior to commencing first year of school in Australian children. METHODS:We used data linked from the School Entrant Health Questionnaire administered to children commencing sch...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jpc.13014
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Down syndrome (DS) patients present several immunological disturbances, with high rates of infections, malignancies and autoimmune phenomena. The present study aims to evaluate the prevalence of autoantibodies in children and adolescents with DS that are not usually investigated, and to establish possible clinical...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.2007.01229.x
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Angelman syndrome (AS) is a rare congenital neurodevelopmental disorder with complex genetic aetiology. Diagnosis may be difficult and there is severe life-long disability. An AS clinic was commenced in Sydney, Australia, in 1993 with the aim of gathering information about the natural history of AS, managemen...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.1996.tb00902.x
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To determine the perceptions, attitudes and knowledge of Australian health-care workers (HCWs) regarding the novel, swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) virus (S-OIV) outbreak that reached the country in early May 2009. METHODS:Self-administered, anonymous Web-based survey conducted during the early stages of the S-OIV...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.2010.01820.x
更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To provide an overview of the health and well-being of sexual minority high school students in New Zealand, investigate differences between sexual minority youth (SMY) and exclusively opposite-sex-attracted youth (EOSAY), and examine changes across survey waves. METHODS:Nationally representative cross-sectional su...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jpc.12727
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency has risen in countries with a high ultraviolet index and sunny environment such as Australia. There is lack of information on vitamin D status and best possible therapy in Australian Aboriginal children. We aim to (i) describe the vitamin D status in an opportunistic sample of...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/jpc.12781
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To determine whether home-use icterometry improves parental recognition of neonatal jaundice, early care seeking and treatment to minimize risks of bilirubin encephalopathy. METHODS:Cluster-randomised controlled trial of community-level icterometry used at home by mothers in Chi Linh, Vietnam. Rural health-care wo...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/jpc.12611
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After the first year of life, injury is the leading cause of mortality in children and adolescents in Australia and a major cause of morbidity and hospitalization. Studies from Europe and North American and more recently New Zealand have demonstrated that injury rates differ between different socio-economic groups, wi...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.1993.tb03016.x
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:This study aimed to determine the outcome of the operation of children with biliary atresia (BA) at a tertiary paediatric referral centre in Malaysia. METHODS:A prospective study on all patients with BA referred to the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, from 1996 to 2005 was conducted. Survi...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.2009.01490.x
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To study the efficacy of treating phimosis with topical steroid, and its long-term outcome and side effects. We also looked into the effect of daily retraction and cleansing of prepuce on preventing recurrence of phimsosis. METHODS:This prospective study comprised 138 boys who were prescribed 0.05% betamethasone o...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.2007.01006.x
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a multifactorial disease affecting the developing retinal vasculature and remains an important cause of blindness in very preterm infants. Rush disease, or aggressive posterior ROP (AP-ROP), progresses rapidly to stage 5 disease without exhibiting the classical course that includes ...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.2008.01287.x
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a rare case of familial Cushing's disease occurring in a 7-year-old boy, and 19 years of follow up. Our patient first presented soon after his maternal aunt had been treated for Cushing's disease. The clinical presentation was made complicated by the development of an intercurrent eating disorder resemblin...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.1997.tb00996.x
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To audit the clinical features and outcomes for all patients referred to our centre with concerns regarding labial appearance. METHODS:Young females referred to a paediatric/adolescent gynaecology tertiary centre between 2000 and 2012 with concerns regarding their labial appearance were retrospectively identified....
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jpc.13819
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To investigate parental attitudes to cystic fibrosis (CF) carrier detection of their infant by newborn screening (NBS). METHODS:Data were collected from a postal questionnaire sent to parents of infants identified as CF carriers by NBS in 1996-1997 (inclusive) and 2001 in Victoria, Australia (n = 66). RESULTS:Alm...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.2006.00917.x
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To review the use of antifungal chemoprophylaxis to prevent neonatal invasive fungal infections (IFI) in very low birthweight infants (VLBW <1500 g). METHOD:Systematic review of randomised controlled trials. RESULTS:Nine trials were identified (2029 infants), with six comparing fluconazole with placebo/no treatme...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.2012.02543.x
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:The aim of this study is to determine the association between waist circumference (WC) and childhood-masked hypertension. METHODS:A territory-wide, school-based cohort of 1385 Hong Kong students (672 boys and 713 girls) aged 8-17 years was analysed. The ambulatory blood pressure-monitoring assessment was performed...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jpc.13121
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A child with psychotic symptoms and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder who developed extrapyramidal symptoms while on a combination of risperidone, methylphenidate, sertraline, tropisetron and ketorolac is described herein. The extrapyramidal symptoms resolved with the administration of benztropine, an anticholi...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1440-1754.2002.00719.x
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To identify and demonstrate necrotizing dermatitis in infancy; an uncommon, puzzling syndrome, in which anecdotal reporting and personal experience indicates that one third of cases may require skin grafting. Much informed discussion about the pathogenesis of this distressing syndrome centres on the role of ...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1440-1754.2005.00531.x
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute appendicitis is the most common reason for abdominal surgery in children. Luminal obstruction of the appendix progresses to suppurative inflammation and perforation, which causes generalised peritonitis or an appendix mass/abscess. Classical features include periumbilical pain that migrates to the right iliac fo...
journal_title：Journal of paediatrics and child health
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/jpc.13737
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
