Abstract:
:We propose a tripartite mechanism to describe the processing of cognitive information (cog-info), comprising the (1) neuron, (2) surrounding neural extracellular matrix (nECM), and (3) numerous "trace" metals distributed therein. The neuron is encased in a polyanionic nECM lattice doped with metals (>10), wherein it processes (computes) and stores cog-info. Each [nECM:metal] complex is the molecular correlate of a cognitive unit of information (cuinfo), similar to a computer "bit". These are induced/sensed by the neuron via surface iontophoretic and electroelastic (piezoelectric) sensors. The generic cuinfo are used by neurons to biochemically encode and store cog-info in a rapid, energy efficient, but computationally expansive manner. Here, we describe chemical reactions involved in various processes that underline the tripartite mechanism. In addition, we present novel iconographic representations of various types of cuinfo resulting from"tagging" and cross-linking reactions, essential for the indexing cuinfo for organized retrieval and storage of memory.
journal_name
ACS Chem Neuroscijournal_title
ACS chemical neuroscienceauthors
Marx G,Gilon Cdoi
10.1021/cn300237rsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-06-19 00:00:00pages
983-93issue
6issn
1948-7193journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Aminorex (5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-amine) and 4-methylaminorex (4-methyl-5-phenyl-4,5-dihydro-1,3-oxazol-2-amine) are psychostimulants that have long been listed in Schedules IV and I of the UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971. However, a range of psychoactive analogues exist that are not interna...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00415
更新日期:2018-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::In vivo fast-scan cyclic voltammetry provides high-fidelity recordings of electrically evoked dopamine release in the rat striatum. The evoked responses are suitable targets for numerical modeling because the frequency and duration of the stimulus are exactly known. Responses recorded in the dorsal and ventral striatu...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1021/cn5000666
更新日期:2014-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that mainly affects the elderly. Soluble β-amyloid oligomer, which can induce neurotoxicity, is generally regarded as the main neurotoxin in Alzheimer's disease. Here we report that eckmaxol, a phlorotannin extracted from the brown alga Ecklonia maxima, c...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00527
更新日期:2018-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic adaptation to stress is a crucial yet poorly understood phenomenon, particularly in the central nervous system (CNS). The ability to identify essential metabolic events which predict neuronal fate in response to injury is critical to developing predictive markers of outcome, for interpreting CNS spectroscopi...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/cn300003r
更新日期:2012-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical benzothiophene SERM (BT-SERM), raloxifene, was compared with estrogens in protection of primary rat neurons against oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Structure-activity relationships for neuroprotection were determined for a family of BT-SERMs displaying a spectrum of ERα and ERβ binding affinity and agon...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/cn100106a
更新日期:2011-05-18 00:00:00
abstract::The Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) is a commercially important crab in China and is usually managed at high stocking densities. Agonistic behavior directly impacts crab integrity, survival, and growth and results in economic losses. In the present study, we evaluated the modulatory effects of serotonin (5-HT...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00342
更新日期:2019-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a widely used kind of plasticizer, can result in neurodevelopment impairments and learning and memory disorders. We studied the effects and possible mechanisms of maternal DEHP treatment on hippocampal synaptic plasticity in offspring. Pregnant Wistar rats were randomly ...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00612
更新日期:2021-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Amyloid-β (Aβ) is a peptide fragment that is prone to aggregate into large fibrils under physiological conditions. Many techniques have been developed to quickly monitor the transition from a primarily monomeric peptide into fibrils. Here we propose a novel method for both incubating and monitoring changes in Aβ aggre...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/cn300135n
更新日期:2012-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::The dorsal raphe nucleus contains one of the largest groups of serotonergic neurons in the mammalian brain and is the main site of origin of the serotonergic projection to the cerebral cortex. Early electrophysiological studies suggested that serotonergic neurons in this cell group formed a homogeneous cell class. Mor...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1021/cn300224n
更新日期:2013-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::With roughly 2 billion people infected, the neurotropic protozoan Toxoplasma gondii remains one of the most pervasive and infectious parasites. Toxoplasma infection is the second leading cause of death due to foodborne illness in the United States, causes severe disease in immunocompromised patients, and is correlated...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00674
更新日期:2020-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::Abnormally aggregated tau is the hallmark pathology of tauopathy neurodegenerative disorders and is a target for development of both diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies across the tauopathy disease spectrum. Development of carbon-11- or fluorine-18-labeled radiotracers with appropriate affinity and specificity...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/cn500103u
更新日期:2014-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::While selective-serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants are commonly prescribed in the treatment of depression, their use during pregnancy leads to fetal drug exposures. According to recent reports, such exposures could affect fetal development and long-term offspring health. A central question is how preg...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00287
更新日期:2016-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::The aggregation of α-synuclein (α-Syn) has been implicated strongly in Parkinson's disease (PD). The intrinsically disordered nature of α-Syn makes this protein prone to self-association or heteroassociation with another protein or lipid. While conformational fluctuation and free radical chemistry have been shown to p...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00393
更新日期:2019-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::Modulation of the neuropeptide S (NPS) system has been linked to a variety of CNS disorders such as panic disorder, anxiety, sleeping disorders, asthma, obesity, PTSD, and substance abuse. In this study, a series of diphenyltetrahydro-1H-oxazolo[3,4-α]pyrazin-3(5H)-ones were synthesized and evaluated for antagonist ac...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/cn500113c
更新日期:2014-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::Biomarkers which are indicative of acute physiological and emotional states are studied in a number of different areas in cognitive neuroscience. Currently, many cognitive studies are conducted based on programmed tasks followed by timed biofluid sampling, central laboratory processing, and followed by data analysis. ...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/cn300159e
更新日期:2013-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::Single-cell mass spectrometry has become an established technique to study specific molecular properties such as the neuropeptide complement of identified neurons. Here, we describe a strategy to characterize, by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, neurochemical composition of neurons that were identified by their electrophy...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00163
更新日期:2018-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Responsive or smart contrast agents (SCAs) represent a promising direction for development of novel functional MRI (fMRI) methods for the eventual noninvasive assessment of brain function. In particular, SCAs that respond to Ca(2+) may allow tracking neuronal activity independent of brain vasculature, thus avoiding th...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/cn500049n
更新日期:2014-05-21 00:00:00
abstract::Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT), the etiological agent that causes the neuroparalytic disease botulism, has become a highly studied drug target in light of the potential abuse of this toxin as a weapon of bioterrorism. In particular, small molecule inhibitors of the light chain metalloprotease of BoNT serotype A have rece...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/cn200021q
更新日期:2011-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Small hydrophobic oligomers of aggregation-prone proteins are thought to be generically toxic. Here we examine this view by perturbing an early folding contact between Phe19 and Leu34 formed during the aggregation of Alzheimer's amyloid-β (Aβ40) peptide. We find that even conservative single mutations altering this in...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00074
更新日期:2015-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::Intra- and extraneuronal deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) peptides have been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD). While both intra- and extraneuronal Aβ deposits affect neuronal cell viability, the molecular mechanism by which these Aβ structures, especially when intraneuronal, do so is still not entirely understood. This ...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00491
更新日期:2019-03-20 00:00:00
abstract::MMP-9 plays a detrimental role in the pathology of several neurological diseases and, thus, represents an important target for intervention. The water-soluble prodrug ND-478 is hydrolyzed to the active MMP-9 inhibitor ND-322, which in turn is N-acetylated to the even more potent metabolite ND-364. We used a sensitive ...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/cn400077d
更新日期:2013-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::Reversion of protein or peptide aggregation is a formidable task, important in various domains of research at the interface of chemistry, medicine, and nanoscience. A novel class of dipeptides, termed as β-breaker dipeptides (BBDPs), is identified, which can be incorporated into the self-recognizing sequences to gener...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/cn500064z
更新日期:2014-05-21 00:00:00
abstract::Photochromic blockers of voltage gated ion channels are powerful tools for the control of neuronal systems with high spatial and temporal precision. We now introduce fotocaine, a new type of photochromic channel blocker based on the long-lasting anesthetic fomocaine. Fotocaine is readily taken up by neurons in brain s...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/cn500070w
更新日期:2014-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::The 5-HT2C receptor has emerged as a promising target in the treatment of a variety of central nervous system disorders. We have first identified aporphines as a new class of 5-HT2C receptor agonists. Structure-activity relationship results indicate that the aporphine core may be required for 5-HT2C receptor activity,...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00563
更新日期:2020-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Temozolomide (TMZ) is the current first-line chemotherapy for treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). However, similar to other brain therapeutic compounds, access of TMZ to brain tumors is impaired by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) leading to poor response for GBM patients. To overcome this major hurdle, we have s...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00339
更新日期:2018-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::Tau aggregation in neuronal cells has recently received significant attention as a robust predictor of the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) because of its proven correlation with the degree of cognitive impairment in AD patients. Accordingly, noninvasive imaging of tau aggregates has been highlighted as a promi...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.7b00224
更新日期:2017-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::In our efforts to develop hybrid compounds of curcumin and melatonin as potential disease-modifying agents for Alzheimer's disease (AD), a potent lead hybrid compound, Z-CM-I-1, has been recently identified and biologically characterized in vitro. In this work, we report the in vivo effects of Z-CM-I-1 on AD pathologi...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.5b00082
更新日期:2015-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::The amyloid beta (Aβ) fibrillar aggregate is the hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Disassembling preformed fibril or inhibiting Aβ aggregation is considered as a therapeutic strategy for AD. Increasing evidence shows that green tea extracts, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG, containing an extra gallic acid ester g...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00277
更新日期:2020-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::Glioblastoma multiforme, a type of deadly brain cancer, originates most commonly from astrocytes found in the brain. Current multimodal treatments for glioblastoma minimally increase life expectancy, but significant advancements in prognosis have not been made in the past few decades. Here we investigate cellular repr...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00365
更新日期:2018-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::Online electrochemical detection techniques are the state-of-the-art for evaluating chemical communication in the brain underlying motivated behavior and decision making. In this Viewpoint, we discuss avenues for future technological development, as well as the requirement for increasingly sophisticated and interdisci...
journal_title:ACS chemical neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1021/cn500322y
更新日期:2015-01-21 00:00:00