Abstract：
:Obtaining and critically appraising evidence is clearly not enough to make better decisions in clinical care. The evidence should be linked to the clinician's expertise, the patient's individual circumstances (including values and preferences), and clinical context and settings. We propose critical thinking and decision-making as the tools for making that link. Critical thinking is also called for in medical research and medical writing, especially where pre-canned methodologies are not enough. It is also involved in our exchanges of ideas at floor rounds, grand rounds and case discussions; our communications with patients and lay stakeholders in health care; and our writing of research papers, grant applications and grant reviews. Critical thinking is a learned process which benefits from teaching and guided practice like any discipline in health sciences. Training in critical thinking should be a part or a pre-requisite of the medical curriculum.
journal_name
Med Sci Monitjournal_title
Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical researchauthors
Jenicek M,Croskerry P,Hitchcock DLdoi
10.12659/msm.881321subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-01-01 00:00:00pages
RA12-7issue
1eissn
1234-1010issn
1643-3750pii
881321journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:With a prevalence of about 1:500 to 1:1,000, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) often causes renal failure, with many serious complications. However, there is no Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved therapy available. MATERIAL/METHODS:MiR-199a-5p level in ADPKD patient samples, rat ...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.892141
更新日期：2015-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Serum CA-125 has been used as a biomarker of gynecological tumors. In this study, we investigated the CA-125 levels in cervical and vaginal secretions from Chinese patients with endometrial polyps, hyperplasia and carcinoma in comparison with those in endometrium and serum. MATERIAL/METHODS:An electro-chemi...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/msm.882046
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The optimal intensity and duration of the intervention to achieve sustained risk reduction in patients at high and very high cardiovascular (CV) risk still need to be established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of general practitioner's (GP's) systematic and planned intervention on total CV...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.12659/MSM.890242
更新日期：2014-07-11 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the effects of myeloma cells exposed to fluid shear stress on osteocytes and osteoclasts, and clarify the potential underlying mechanisms. MATERIAL AND METHODS A flow and a non-flow model were established using a flow fluid chamber. The myeloma cell line U266 and murin...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.915986
更新日期：2019-08-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of hepatitis B infection in population in Poland is low and averages 1-1.5%. However, it means that about 380,000 Poles constantly or temporarily replicate HBV. Chronic HBV infection is associated with increased risk of serious liver diseases and it is estimated that 25-40% of patients with chronic hepa...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ectopic pregnancy is a rare phenomenon in mammals. The most common localization is an oviduct, ovary and abdominal cavity. Confirmation of the ectopic pregnancy is always a difficult medical problem. The diagnosis is mainly based on the patient's history and gynecological examination. This paper concerns a case report...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Acetylcholine and bradykinin cause endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. These responses are mediated in part by an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF). Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are cytochrome P450 metabolites of arachidonic acid and appear to...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Clinical use of fluoxetine and similar medications is often associated with appetite suppression and weight loss that may warrant drug discontinuation. It is unclear, however, if fluoxetine-induced consummatory suppression may be influenced by factors such as dietary status and if appetite suppressant effect...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine and validate that use of a nomogram could enhance the predictability of small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery. MATERIAL AND METHODS 195 eyes from 98 patients were enrolled in group 1, and 46 eyes from 26 patients in group 2. Uncorrected and corrected distance visu...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/msm.904598
更新日期：2017-10-30 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We investigated the relationship between peripheral neuropathy and parameters of arterial stiffness and carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). MATERIAL AND METHODS:The study included 161 patients (80 females and 81 males), 69 of whom had peripheral neuropathy...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.892648
更新日期：2014-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) is a common inheritable cardiac disorder that can lead to symptoms of dyspnea, angina pectoris, and syncope. Symptomatic patients are usually treated with negatively inotropic agents, such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, or disopyramide. However, up to 10% of ...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In spontaneously breathing patients, the differences between arterial PaCO2 and end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) and the influence of bronchial obstruction have not clearly established. MATERIAL/METHODS:This was a prospective observational study. Patients (n=120) were classified according to spirometric criteria into ...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND T follicular helper (Tfh) cells are a subgroup of activated CD4+ T cells in the germinal centers of secondary lymphoid organs, they play critical roles in the development of many chronic autoimmune inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate whether circulating Tfh cells contribute to th...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.914868
更新日期：2019-04-25 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The Total Cavopulmonary Connection (TCPC), used for repair of patients with single ventricle physiology, creates a passive system of blood flow into the pulmonary circulation where enhanced energy efficiency may lead to improved long term patient outcomes. Previous numerical and in vitro studies using steady...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem worldwide, responsible for considerable morbidity and mortality from chronic liver disease. Conflicting findings on the possible association between HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positivity, indicating inactive HBsAg carrier status, and atheros...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process, in which oxidative stress is the key event. Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) is a cellular production of oxidants. We aimed to elucidate the relationship of serum GGT levels and coronary artery disease (CAD) in a Chinese population. MATERIAL AND METHODS:A t...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.890245
更新日期：2014-04-30 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND Short dental implants are considered an alternative method of treatment to the maxillary sinus elevation and bone augmentation procedure at the sites of a reduced alveolar ridge height. The aim of the study was to determine the most effective therapeutic approach for a single tooth replacement in a reduced ...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.910404
更新日期：2018-08-14 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:New-onset atrial fibrillation is the most common form of rhythm disturbance following coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). It is still unclear which factors have a significant impact on its occurrence after this procedure. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical predictors of postoperative ...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/msm.881329
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Many investigations have focused on optimal doses/schedules since regulatory agency approval of paclitaxel (Taxol). Paclitaxel is generally administered at doses of 175-225 mg/m2 over 3 hours or 135-175 mg/m2 over 24 hours, every 3 weeks. The purpose of this study was to simplify administration and render it...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND Aminoglycosides, a type of gram-negative antibacterial, are broad-spectrum antibiotics that are highly potent and have satisfactory therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of life-threatening infections. Our study aimed to establish a gentamicin-induced cochlear injury model and to investigate the cochlear ne...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.913205
更新日期：2018-12-28 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to explore the impact of Ras homolog C/Rho-associated coiled-protein kinase (Rho/ROCK) signaling pathways intervention on biological characteristics of the human multiple myeloma cell lines RPMI-8226 and U266 cells, and to investigate the expression of RhoC, ROCK1, and ROCK2 in RPM...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.915998
更新日期：2019-10-10 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:To compare maternal and neonatal outcomes of term macrosomic and adequate for gestational age (AGA) pregnancies. MATERIAL/METHODS:A retrospective analysis was performed on all term singleton macrosomic (birth weight ≥4000 g) and AGA (birth weight >10th percentile and <4000 g) pregnancies delivered at our ho...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.12659/msm.883340
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study sought to define the mechanism by which PPAR-γ ligands affect the course of experimentally induced colitis in rats. MATERIAL/METHODS:Inflammation was induced in Wistar rats by a single rectal administration of 2,4,6,-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). The antagonist of PPARγ antagonist, bisphe...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/msm.881712
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Febrile seizures are a common occurrence in young children with incidence rates varying from 3-14%, depending on the geographic region. Studies have suggested that an elevated temperature is a factor in their development, though other factors may synergistically lower the seizure threshold. While it is recognized that...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND Abdominal bleeding is a severe complication of duodenal fistula, but few studies have focused on this problem. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for intra-abdominal bleeding in patients with external duodenal fistula. MATERIAL AND METHODS From January 201...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.912651
更新日期：2018-12-21 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of electrophysiological tests have been proposed for the initial diagnostic assessment or for the follow-up phase of patients affected by Ménière disease. The most common are: (i) vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs); (ii) electrocochleography (ECochG); and (iii) otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). This pa...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.12659/msm.905166
更新日期：2017-12-28 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the natural flavonoid, quercetin, in a rat model of adenine-induced chronic kidney disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty male Wister rats were divided into four groups: normal (no adenine or quercetin) (n=10); untreated model (treated withadenine but not que...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.909259
更新日期：2018-07-10 00:00:00
abstract：:BACKGROUND In the present study, we aimed to evaluate early clinical and biochemical outcomes of direct anterior approach (DAA) versus posterolateral approach (PLA) for hemiarthroplasty in the treatment of displaced femoral neck fractures in geriatric patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between September 2012 and September...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.12659/MSM.919993
更新日期：2020-01-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an inflammatory disease characterized by steady, acute abdominal pain of varying severity, often radiating from the epigastrium to the back. Its presentation ranges from a self-limiting mild disorder to a more severe and fulminant disease. Severe acute pancreatitis accounts for 30% of all de...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heavy metals tend to occur in increasingly many aspects of human activities. Studies of cadmium (Cd) have revealed that it is extremely toxic in its effects. It is known that selenium (Se) may suppress deleterious effects of Cd. We investigated the effects of dietary Cd-intoxication on the incorporation of precursors ...
journal_title：Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
