Abstract：
:The objective of this paper is to use data from the highest level in men's tennis to assess whether there is any evidence to reject the hypothesis that the two players in a match have a constant probability of winning each set in the match. The data consists of all 4883 matches of grand slam men's singles over a 10 year period from 1995 to 2004. Each match is categorised by its sequence of win (W) or loss (L) (in set 1, set 2, set 3,...) to the eventual winner. Thus, there are several categories of matches from WWW to LLWWW. The methodology involves fitting several probabilistic models to the frequencies of the above ten categories. One four-set category is observed to occur significantly more often than the other two. Correspondingly, a couple of the five-set categories occur more frequently than the others. This pattern is consistent when the data is split into two five-year subsets. The data provides significant statistical evidence that the probability of winning a set within a match varies from set to set. The data supports the conclusion that, at the highest level of men's singles tennis, the better player (not necessarily the winner) lifts his play in certain situations at least some of the time. Key PointsUsing grand slam men's singles data, the probability of winning a set has been shown to vary from set to set.The data provides statistical evidence that the better player (not necessarily the winner) in some matches is able to lift his play in certain situations. This result gives encouragement to the better player when in difficulties in a match.The authors found no evidence that the weaker player was able to lift his play. The weaker player, when ahead in a match, should be on his guard for his opponent to have a real capacity to lift his game.
journal_name
J Sports Sci Medjournal_title
Journal of sports science & medicineauthors
Pollard G,Cross R,Meyer Dsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-12-15 00:00:00pages
561-6issue
4issn
1303-2968journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Millions of dollars are wagered on the outcome of one day international (ODI) cricket matches, with a large percentage of bets occurring after the game has commenced. Using match information gathered from all 2200 ODI matches played prior to January 2005, a range of variables that could independently explain statistic...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of a pre-workout energy supplement on acute multi- joint resistance exercise was examined in eight resistance-trained college-age men. Subjects were randomly provided either a placebo (P) or a supplement (S: containing caffeine, taurine, glucuronolactone, creatine, β-alanine, and the amino acids; leucine, i...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Tuck Jump Assessment (TJA) is a clinician-friendly screening tool that was designed to support practitioners with identification of neuromuscular deficits associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury. This study aimed to evaluate the inter- and intra-rater reliability of the modified scoring (0 to 2) TJA to a...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a 14-week dynamic Whole-Body Electrostimulation (WB-EMS) training program on muscular strength, soccer relevant sprint, jump and kicking velocity performance in elite soccer players during competitive season. Twenty-two field-players were assigned to 2 grou...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There have been few studies examining the short-term effect of high-impact activities on bone metabolism measured by bone serum marker concentrations. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of short-term high-impact jump activity on bone turnover in female college-aged non-athletes. Twenty six healthy fem...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to analyze the responses of women to the repeated bout effect (RBE) and to a short eccentric training program. Twenty-four young females were randomly assigned to a training group (TG, n = 14) or a control group (CG, n = 10). They performed two identical acute eccentric bouts (120 repetitions...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Concurrent improvements in aerobic capacity and muscle hypertrophy in response to a single mode of training have not been reported. We examined the effects of low-intensity cycle exercise training with and without blood flow restriction (BFR) on muscle size and maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max). A group of 19 young men (...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to examine longitudinal age-related changes in muscle morphology and jump and sprint performances of youth athletes. The subjects of this longitudinal study were 41 youth male basketball players who were assigned to late, mid, and early groups based on differences regarding the estimated age at peak h...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2019-11-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The primary purpose of this research was to compare the impact characteristics of Taekwondo (TKD) and Yongmudo (YMD) player's turning kick according to the target height. 5 highly skilled YMD and 5 TKD players participated in this study. To measure the impact force, two accelerometers were fixed to a PVC pipe in a san...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our aim was to test the normality of physical activity patterns and energy expenditures in normal weight and overweight primary school students. Heart rate estimates of total daily energy expenditure (TEE), active energy expenditure (AEE), and activity patterns were made over 3 consecutive school days in healthy middl...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated the acute inflammatory response to a repeat-sprint training session in hypoxia. Eleven amateur team-sport athletes completed a repeat-sprint training in hypoxia (RSH) protocol (4 sets of 4x4-s running sprints) in both normoxia and normobaric hypoxia (FiO2 0.145 to simulate an altitude of 3000 m...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2018-11-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Golf has become an increasingly popular sport and a growing body of research trying to identify its main physical requirements is being published. The aim of this review was twofold: first, to examine the existing scientific literature regarding strength training and golf in healthy, non-injured, subjects; and second,...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Poor physical fitness and low serum vitamin D are known to be modifiable risk factors for cognitive declines with normal aging. We investigated the association of physical fitness and serum vitamin D levels with global cognitive function in older adults. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 412 older Korean adult...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-11-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Female breasts are vulnerable to direct blows or frictional injuries during sport; however, little research has investigated breast injuries experienced by female athletes. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence, causes and perceived performance effects of breast injuries in elite female athletes across a wide...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was conducted to study the morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics of Indian National boxers as well as to assess the cardiovascular adaptation to graded exercise and actual boxing round. Two different studies were conducted. In the first study [N = 60, (junior boxers below-19 yr...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Wingate all-out test (WAT) is commonly used to estimate anaerobic capabilities of athletes by using an upper or lower body cycle ergometer, however, a new test modality called elliptical all-out test (EAT) which measures activated whole-body locomotor tasks has recently been proposed. The purpose of this study was...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to cross-validate the psychometric properties of the Basic Psychological Needs in Exercise Scale (BPNES) by Vlachopoulos and Michailidou, 2006 in a Spanish context. Two studies were conducted. Confirmatory factor analysis results confirmed the hypothesized three-factor solution In addition, we documen...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Regular exercise has the capability of decreasing the incidence and progress of certain cancers. Murine sarcoma, (S-180) cells were transplanted to control (TC), exercise trained (10 week, 1 hour day, 5 times/ week) mice, which had the swimming training terminated at the time of transplantation (ETT), and also to a gr...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to the difficulty of measuring forces and torques acting on a swimmer during mid-pool swimming, an inverse dynamics approach is required. Personalised body segment parameter (BSP) data enabling calculation of net forces and torques can be obtained using the elliptical zone method. The purpose of this study was to ...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Motor coordination and physical fitness are multidimensional concepts which cannot be reduced to a single variable. This study evaluated multivariate relationships among morphology, physical fitness and motor coordination in 74 pre-pubertal girls 8.0-8.9 years of age. Data included body dimensions, eight fitness items...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2018-05-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this case study was to describe the three-dimensional biomechanics of common ballet exercises in a ballet dancer with ischial tuberosity apophysitis. This was achieved by comparing kinematics between the symptomatic (i.e. ischial apophyseal symptoms) and contralateral lower limbs, as well as via reporte...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The primary purpose of the present study was to identify motivational profiles of adolescent athletes using cluster analysis in non-Western culture. A second purpose was to examine relationships between physical self-perception differences of adolescent athletes and motivational profiles. One hundred and thirty six ma...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to investigate the association between objectively measured patterns of sedentary behavior (SB) and physical activity (PA) and frailty status in Japanese community-dwelling older adults. Data was from 65-75 years older adults from the baseline of Itoshima Frail Study were used. Frailty ...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2020-02-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to evaluate contractile properties of the tibialis anterior of paralyzed and non-paralyzed subjects. The contractile properties and the fatigability of the tibialis anterior muscle (TA) were tested in 8 spinal cord injured (SCI) and 8 control individuals. The TA was stimulated at frequenc...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper a four-ball-best-ball (4BBB) model for pairs of golf players is set up. The 4BBB match-play scoring system is seen to satisfy a basic requirement of fairness. It is shown that it is not strictly possible to rate individual players as 4BBB players. However, a (reasonably broad) class of individual players...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For the determination of ground reaction forces in alpine skiing, pressure insole (PI) systems and portable force plate (FP) systems are well known and widely used in previous studies. The purposes of this study were 1) to provide reference data for the vertical component of the ground reaction forces (vGRF) during al...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There has been much debate on how prophylactic ankle supports (PASs) may influence the vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) during landing. Therefore, the primary aims of this meta-analysis were to systematically review and synthesize the effect of PASs on vGRF, and to understand how PASs affect vGRF peaks (F1, F2) a...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-02-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate a large number of determinants of sport dropout among French adolescents, in order to reveal proximal and distal factors of dropout. 261 current and 106 dropout athletes (M = 14.6) participated to the study. The data were collected by a questionnaire assessing demographic i...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to examine the usefulness of the rating of perceived exertion training load for monitoring changes in several aerobic fitness and neuromuscular performance variables during 9 weeks of soccer training in young professional players. Nineteen male soccer players (20.2 ± 1.9 years) belonging ...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-05-08 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to compare the maximal fat oxidation (MFO) rates obtained from the stage average, last 2 min average, and highest value in the Fatmax stage determined with a 6 min step protocol. A total of 35 overweight, sedentary healthy men (age: 25.4 ± 0.7 years, body mass index: 26.0 ± 0.6 kg/m2) participated in ...
journal_title：Journal of sports science & medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2019-02-11 00:00:00
