Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Hepatitis C virus infection (HCV) is a communicable disease of increasing global importance with 1.75 million new infections and 400,000 related deaths annually. Until recently, treatment options have had low uptake and most infected people remain untreated. New Direct Acting Antiviral medications can clear the virus in around 95% of cases, with few side-effects. These medications are restricted in most countries but freely accessible in Australia, yet most people still remain untreated. This study applies a cross-sectional research design to investigate the socio-spatial distribution of HCV in South Australia, to identify vulnerable populations, and examine epidemiological factors to potentially inform future targeted strategies for improved treatment uptake. METHOD:HCV surveillance data were sourced from South Australia's Communicable Diseases Control Branch and socio-economic population data from the Australian Bureau of Statistics from January 2010 to December 2016 inclusive. HCV cases were spatially mapped at postcode level. Multivariate logistic regression identified independent predictors of demographic risks for HCV notification and notification source. RESULTS:HCV notifications (n = 3356) were seven times more likely to be from people residing in the poorest areas with high rates of non-employment (75%; n = 1876) and injecting drug use (74%; n = 1862) reported. Notifications among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people were around six times that of non-Indigenous people. HCV notifications negatively correlated (Spearman's rho - 0.426; p < 0.001) with socio-economic status (residential postcode socio-economic resources Index). History of imprisonment independently predicted HCV diagnoses in lesser economically-resourced areas (RR1.5; p < 0.001). Independent predictors of diagnosis elsewhere than in general practices were non-employment (RR 4.6; p = 0.028), being male (RR 2.5; p < 0.001), and younger than mean age at diagnosis (RR 2.1; p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS:Most people diagnosed with HCV were from marginalised sub-populations. Given general practitioners are pivotal to providing effective HCV treatment for many people in Australia a most concerning finding was that non-employed people were statistically less likely to be diagnosed by general practitioners. These findings highlight a need for further action aimed at improving healthcare access and treatment uptake to help reduce the burden of HCV for marginalised people, and progress the vision of eliminating HCV as a major public health threat.
journal_name
BMC Public Healthjournal_title
BMC public healthauthors
Edmunds BL,Miller ER,Tsourtos Gdoi
10.1186/s12889-019-6847-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-05-08 00:00:00pages
527issue
1issn
1471-2458pii
10.1186/s12889-019-6847-5journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The epidemic of HIV/AIDS and treatments that have emerged to alleviate, have brought about a shift in the burden of disease from death to quality of life/disability. The aim was to determine which factors are associated with improvements in the level of health of male and female patients with HIV/AIDS in And...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-362
更新日期:2008-10-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Métis are descendants of early 17th century relationships between North American Indians and Europeans. This study's objectives were: (1) to compare the health status of the Métis people to all other residents of Manitoba, Canada; and (2) to analyze factors in predicting the likelihood of diabetes and relate...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-814
更新日期:2011-10-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Community mobilization (CM) interventions show promise in changing gender norms and preventing HIV, but few have been based on a defined mobilization model or rigorously evaluated. The purpose of this paper is to describe the intervention design and implementation and present baseline findings of a Cluster R...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2048-z
更新日期:2015-08-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Q fever is a neglected zoonosis caused by the bacterium Coxiella burnetii. The knowledge of the epidemiology of Q fever in Kenya is limited with no attention to control and prevention programs. The purpose of this review is to understand the situation of Q fever in human and animal populations in Kenya in th...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-2929-9
更新日期:2016-04-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Leisure time activities and culture participation may have health effects and be important in pulic health promotion. More knowledge on how cultural activity participation may influence self-perceived health, life-satisfaction, self-esteem and mental health is needed. METHODS:This article use data from the ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1873-4
更新日期:2015-06-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Whether educational level influences the effects of health education is not clearly defined. This study examined whether the impact of a community-based dietary salt reduction program was affected by the level of education of participants. METHODS:The China Rural Health Initiative Sodium Reduction Study (CR...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3454-6
更新日期:2016-08-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To evaluate the impact of a walking school bus (WSB) program on student transport in a low-income, urban neighborhood. METHODS:The design was a controlled, quasi-experimental trial with consecutive cross-sectional assessments. The setting was three urban, socioeconomically disadvantaged, public elementary s...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-9-122
更新日期:2009-05-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In Scotland, older adults are a key target group for physical activity intervention due to the large proportion who are inactive. The health benefits of an active lifestyle are well established but more research is required on the most effective interventions to increase activity in older adults. The 'West E...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-120
更新日期:2011-02-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ethiopia is a developing sub-Saharan African country with increasing prevalence of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including oral conditions. Oral health and dental care have been given little consideration, and there is limited information relating to population oral health and use of dental services in t...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-021-10199-9
更新日期:2021-01-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Two new sets of stratification indicators--family's material affluence and adolescent's personal social position- were compared with traditional indicators of familial social position based on parental occupation and education for their ability to detect health inequality among adolescents. METHODS:Survey d...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-6-110
更新日期:2006-04-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Syndromic surveillance provides public health intelligence to aid in early warning and monitoring of public health impacts (e.g. seasonal influenza), or reassurance when an impact has not occurred. Using information collected during routine patient care, syndromic surveillance can be based on signs/symptoms/...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09949-y
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study aims to investigate the mechanisms through which neighborhood social reciprocity influences older adults' mental health in China. METHODS:This study used data from the 2011-2015 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. It estimated the effects of neighborhood social reciprocit...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7385-x
更新日期:2019-08-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Longitudinal studies are of aetiological and public health relevance but can be undermined by attrition. The aim of this paper was to identify effective retention strategies to increase participation in population-based cohort studies. METHODS:Systematic review of the literature to identify prospective popu...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-249
更新日期:2011-04-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The management of health care, particularly for people with chronic conditions, combines the activities of health professionals, patients, informal carers and social networks that support them. Understanding the non-professional roles in health management requires information about the health related activit...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-1044
更新日期:2012-12-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Maternal morbidity and mortality continued to be major issues in many countries. Globally a total of 10.7 million women have died between 1990 and 2015 due to maternal causes where sub-Saharan Africa alone accounts for 66% of maternal death. Since most maternal deaths are avoidable; skilled attendance during...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7818-6
更新日期:2019-11-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Screening rates for breast and cervical cancer for Muslim women in the United States are low, particularly for first-generation immigrants. Interpretations of the Muslim faith represent some of the barriers for breast and cervical cancer screening. Working to understand how faith influences breast and cervic...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4182-2
更新日期:2017-03-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Self-harm in adolescents is of growing concern internationally but limited evidence exists on the prevalence of self-harm in those living with HIV, who may be at higher risk of poor mental health outcomes. Therefore our aim was to determine the prevalence and predictors of self-harm among young people with p...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7424-7
更新日期:2019-08-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic pain is currently a significant health problem in the United States. A comprehensive strategy is needed to increase prevention of chronic pain and to improve care for chronic pain patients. However, development of a successful strategy relies, in part, on a better understanding of the demographics an...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5673-5
更新日期:2018-06-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent evidence shows that men and women have inadequate fertility knowledge which may negatively affect their childbearing decisions in future. Given the fact that decision making for fertility needs accurate information, targeted educational interventions especially through media are needed to improve know...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-10029-4
更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Black men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately burdened by HIV/AIDS. Despite this burden there has been a shortage of research on HIV interventions for black MSM. This article provides a comprehensive review of the literature on interventions for black MSM to identify effective HIV prevention i...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-625
更新日期:2013-07-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Malnutrition remains one of the most significant child health problems in developing countries with an estimated 53% of child deaths per year attributed to being underweight. The 2011 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) showed that 38 % of the children were stunted and 16% were underweight. While die...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2644-y
更新日期:2015-12-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:More than 20% of US children ages 2-5 yrs are classified as overweight or obese. Parents greatly influence the behaviors their children adopt, including those which impact weight (e.g., diet and physical activity). Unfortunately, parents often fail to recognize the risk for excess weight gain in young childr...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-431
更新日期:2011-06-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fruits and Vegetables (FV) consumption is considered a marker of social inequalities in health since it is considerably decreased in disadvantaged populations. The main objective of this trial was to evaluate the impact of vouchers for FV purchase on the consumption of FV among children living in disadvantag...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5908-5
更新日期:2018-08-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent epidemiological studies have found that the prevalence of high blood pressure (BP) has significantly increased among children and adolescents. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between short sleep duration and prehypertension and hypertension in Lithuanian children and adolescents ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-255
更新日期:2014-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lipid-reduction pharmacotherapy is often employed to reduce morbidity and mortality risk for patients with dyslipidemia or established cardiovascular disease. Associations between socioeconomic factors and the prescribing and use of lipid-lowering agents have been reported in several developed countries. ME...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-488
更新日期:2013-05-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The association between risky sexual behaviours and substance uses among Ghanaian youth were investigated. METHODS:An in-school cross-sectional representative survey was conducted among 12-18-year- old youth in Ghana in 2008 (N = 1195, response rate =90%). Logistic regression analyses were employed to inves...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-571
更新日期:2012-07-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health systems have experienced unprecedented stress in recent years, and as yet no consensus has emerged as to how to deal with the multiple burden of disease in the context of HIV and AIDS and other competing health priorities. Priority setting is essential, yet this is a complex, multifaceted process. Dra...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-1071
更新日期:2012-12-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alcohol use is an important risk factor for morbidity, mortality and social harm among adolescents. There is paucity of data on alcohol use among high school students in Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with alcohol use among high school students in Ethiopia METH...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-213
更新日期:2012-03-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High-risk HPV DNA testing has been proposed as a primary tool for cervical cancer screening (HPV-CCS) as an alternative to the Papanicolaou cytology- method. This study describes factors associated with women's intentions to attend cervical cancer screening if high-risk HPV DNA testing (HPV-CCS) was implemen...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-2865-8
更新日期:2016-03-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health inequalities have been extensively documented, internationally and in New Zealand. The cost of reducing health inequities is often perceived as high; however, recent international studies suggest the cost of "doing nothing" is itself significant. This study aimed to develop a preliminary estimate of t...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-384
更新日期:2012-05-28 00:00:00