Abstract:
BACKGROUND:In May 2010, Switzerland introduced a heterogeneous smoking ban in the hospitality sector. While the law leaves room for exceptions in some cantons, it is comprehensive in others. This longitudinal study uses different measurement methods to examine airborne nicotine levels in hospitality venues and the level of personal exposure of non-smoking hospitality workers before and after implementation of the law. METHODS:Personal exposure to second hand smoke (SHS) was measured by three different methods. We compared a passive sampler called MoNIC (Monitor of NICotine) badge, to salivary cotinine and nicotine concentration as well as questionnaire data. Badges allowed the number of passively smoked cigarettes to be estimated. They were placed at the venues as well as distributed to the participants for personal measurements. To assess personal exposure at work, a time-weighted average of the workplace badge measurements was calculated. RESULTS:Prior to the ban, smoke-exposed hospitality venues yielded a mean badge value of 4.48 (95%-CI: 3.7 to 5.25; n = 214) cigarette equivalents/day. At follow-up, measurements in venues that had implemented a smoking ban significantly declined to an average of 0.31 (0.17 to 0.45; n = 37) (p = 0.001). Personal badge measurements also significantly decreased from an average of 2.18 (1.31-3.05 n = 53) to 0.25 (0.13-0.36; n = 41) (p = 0.001). Spearman rank correlations between badge exposure measures and salivary measures were small to moderate (0.3 at maximum). CONCLUSIONS:Nicotine levels significantly decreased in all types of hospitality venues after implementation of the smoking ban. In-depth analyses demonstrated that a time-weighted average of the workplace badge measurements represented typical personal SHS exposure at work more reliably than personal exposure measures such as salivary cotinine and nicotine.
journal_name
BMC Public Healthjournal_title
BMC public healthauthors
Rajkumar S,Huynh CK,Bauer GF,Hoffmann S,Röösli Mdoi
10.1186/1471-2458-13-536subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-06-04 00:00:00pages
536issn
1471-2458pii
1471-2458-13-536journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Although childhood vaccination programs have been very successful, vaccination coverage in minority groups may be considerably lower than in the general population. In order to increase vaccination coverage in such minority groups involvement of faith-based organizations and religious leaders has been advoca...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-511
更新日期:2013-05-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is widely recognized and accepted that job strain adversely impacts the workforce. Individual responses to stressful situations can vary greatly and it has been shown that certain people are more likely to experience high levels of stress in their job than others. Studies highlighted that there can be age...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-4-59
更新日期:2004-12-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vaccination misinformation is associated with serious public health consequences, such as a decrease in vaccination rates and a risk of disease outbreaks. Although social media offers organisations promoting vaccination unparalleled opportunities to promote evidence and counterbalance misinformation, we know...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7659-3
更新日期:2019-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lack of physical activity is an important risk factor for overweight, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and other chronic conditions. In the Netherlands, ethnic minority groups are generally less physically active and rate their own health poorer compared to ethnic Dutch. This applies in particular to women. ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-406
更新日期:2008-12-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The use of computers has increased among adolescents, as have musculoskeletal symptoms. There is evidence that these symptoms can be reduced through an ergonomics approach and through education. The purpose of this study was to examine where adolescents had received ergonomic instructions related to computer...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-11
更新日期:2010-01-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Ebola virus disease (EVD) outbreak 2014 received extensive news media coverage, which faded out before the outbreak ended. News media coverage impacts risk perception; it is, however, unclear if the components of risk perception (affective and cognitive responses) change differently over time. METHODS:I...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5543-1
更新日期:2018-05-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Given the rapid development during the early years (0-4 years), an understanding of the health implications of physical activity is needed. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the relationships between objectively and subjectively measured physical activity and health indicators in the early...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4860-0
更新日期:2017-11-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Approximately one billion children experience violence every year. Violence against children is an urgent global public health concern and violation of children's rights. It is also a risk factor for serious negative health and social outcomes and is therefore addressed within the Sustainable Development Goa...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7456-z
更新日期:2019-08-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The International Physical Actvity Questionnaire (IPAQ) is a validated tool for physical activity assessment used in many countries however no Arabic version of the long-form of this questionnaire exists to this date. Hence, the aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt and validate an Arabic version o...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4599-7
更新日期:2017-07-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In low and middle-income countries (LMICs), laypersons play a significant role in providing initial care to injured victims of traffic accidents. Post-crash first aid (PFA) training programmes for laypersons have become an important response to addressing knowledge and skills gaps in pre-hospital care. Howev...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-08692-8
更新日期:2020-05-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In resource-poor areas of China and India, the cardiovascular disease burden is high, but availability of and access to quality healthcare is limited. Establishing a management scheme that utilizes the local infrastructure and builds healthcare capacity is essential for cardiovascular disease prevention and ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-924
更新日期:2014-09-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Diabetes is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States, and its precursor, pre-diabetes, is estimated to occur in one-third of American adults. Understanding the geographic disparities in the distribution of these conditions and identifying high-prevalence areas is critical to guiding contr...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09311-2
更新日期:2020-08-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing is a crucial strategy for HIV prevention. HIV testing rates remain low among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. Digital network-based secondary distribution is considered as an effective model to enhance HIV self-testing (HIVST) among key populations. Digital...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-09048-y
更新日期:2020-06-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous studies of public perceptions of obesity interventions have been quantitative and based on general population surveys. This study aims to explore the opinions and attitudes of obese individuals towards population and individual interventions for obesity in Australia. METHODS:Qualitative methods usi...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-10-420
更新日期:2010-07-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In Ethiopia, there is a growing concern about the increasing rates of loss to follow-up (LTFU) in HIV programs among people waiting to start HIV treatment. Unlike other African countries, there is little information about the factors associated with LTFU among pre-antiretroviral treatment (pre-ART) patients ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-13-867
更新日期:2013-09-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) market has grown rapidly in recent years. However, causes of e-cigarette related symptoms among users and their impact on health remain uncertain. This research aims to mine the potential relationships between symptoms and e-liquid components, such as propylene glycol (...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3326-0
更新日期:2016-07-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic work-related stress is a significant and independent risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and associated mortality, particularly when compounded by a sedentary work environment. Heart rate variability (HRV) provides an estimate of parasympathetic and sympathetic autonomic control, an...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-578
更新日期:2011-07-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nudging interventions have lately been widely adopted by policy makers to increase the welfare of society and to help citizens make better choices. Hence, it has become important to understand the conditions under which they are approved. While most research has looked into whether professionals approve of n...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-6097-y
更新日期:2018-10-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:East and South Africa contributes 59% of all pediatric HIV infections globally. In Uganda, HIV prevalence among HIV exposed infants was estimated at 5.3% in 2014. Understanding the remaining bottlenecks to elimination of mother-to-child transmission (eMTCT) is critical to accelerating efforts towards eMTCT. ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-018-5024-6
更新日期:2018-01-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In response to the high burden of disease among sex workers and their position as a population heavily affected by the HIV epidemic, there has been a growing body of literature investigating the prevalence and risk factors associated with HIV risk among sex workers. To contextualize and summarize the existin...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2553-0
更新日期:2015-12-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Problem Areas in Diabetes (PAID) survey is a measure of diabetes-related stress for which reported use has been in largely Caucasian populations. Our purpose was to assess the psychometric properties of the PAID in Southern rural African American women with Type 2 diabetes. METHODS:A convenience sample ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-70
更新日期:2008-02-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To date, research on men who have sex with men (MSM) has largely focused on their sexual health needs and on men recruited from gay-orientated venues. National probability survey data provide a rare opportunity to examine the broader sociodemographic, behavioural, and health profiles of MSM, defined as men w...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3149-z
更新日期:2016-07-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mobile HIV testing services (HTS) are effective at reaching undiagnosed people living with HIV. However, linkage to HIV care from mobile HTS is often poor, ranging from 10 to 60%. Point-of-care (POC) CD4 testing has shown to increase retention in health facilities, but little evidence exists about their use ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-08643-3
更新日期:2020-04-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High rates of mental health disorders have been reported in veterans returning from deployment to Afghanistan (Operation Enduring Freedom: OEF) and Iraq (Operation Iraqi Freedom: OIF); however, less is known about physical health functioning and its temporal course post-deployment. Therefore, our goal is to ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-1124
更新日期:2012-12-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Community health service center (CHSC) in China is always regarded as a good facility of primary care, which plays an important role in chronic non-communicable disease management. This study aimed to investigate the blood pressure (BP) control rate in a real life CHSC-based management program and its determ...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-801
更新日期:2014-08-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Antibiotics have played an essential role in decreasing morbidity and mortality from infectious diseases. However, indiscriminate use and unrestricted access is contributing to the emergence of bacterial resistance. This paper reports on a situational analysis of antimicrobial use and resistance in Ghana, wi...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4910-7
更新日期:2017-11-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Weight gain that commonly accompanies smoking cessation can undermine a person's attempt to quit and increase the risk for metabolic disorders. Research indicates that obese smokers have more weight concerns and gain more weight after quitting than non-obese smokers, yet little is known about possible reason...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1229
更新日期:2014-11-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Policy making in healthcare requires reliable and local data. Different sources of coverage data for health interventions can be utilized to populate the Lives Saved Tool (LiST), a commonly used policy-planning tool for women and children's health. We have evaluated four existing sources of antenatal care da...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6427-8
更新日期:2019-01-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High healthcare expenditures due to population ageing and chronic complex health complaints are a challenge on a global scale. To improve the quality of healthcare, population health, and professionals' work satisfaction and to reduce healthcare costs (Quadruple Aim), the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare an...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-019-6551-5
更新日期:2019-02-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Asthma control and monitoring still represents a challenge worldwide. Although the international guidelines suggest the interplay between secondary and primary care services as an effective strategy to control the disease, community pharmacies' are seldom involved in asthma control assessment. The present cr...
journal_title:BMC public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12889-020-10080-1
更新日期:2021-01-05 00:00:00