Abstract：
:Various equations that describe how observers could recover the trajectory of an approaching object have been put forward. Many are relatively complex formulations that recover the veridical trajectory by scaling retinal cues, such as looming and changing disparity. However, these equations do not seem to describe human perception as observers typically misjudge trajectory angles. Thus, we examine whether a simpler formulation--one that does not predict veridical judgments-may better explain performance. We test the hypothesis that perceived trajectory is based on a speed ratio: the ratio of lateral angular speed to the sum of looming and changing disparity signals. To discriminate between this and alternative proposals, we examined the effect of object size on trajectory perception: The speed ratio hypothesis predicts that perceived trajectory will become less eccentric with increasing object size, while the alternatives predict that perceived trajectory will be independent of object size. Observers performed a trajectory judgment task in which they compared the trajectory direction of two approaching objects, of the same or different size, seen in separate intervals. We estimated perceptually parallel trajectories from their responses. In Experiment 1, objects differed in horizontal and vertical size, and in Experiment 2, they differed only in vertical size. In both experiments, observers' data showed a clear effect of object size and were close to predictions of the speed ratio hypothesis. We conclude that the alternate proposals we tested were not supported and that the speed ratio account is a sufficient account of the data.
journal_name
J Visjournal_title
Journal of visionauthors
Duke PA,Rushton SKdoi
10.1167/12.3.9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-03-08 00:00:00pages
9issue
3issn
1534-7362pii
12.3.9journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Visual prostheses for the restoration of functional vision are currently under development. To guide prosthesis research and allow for an accurate prognosis of functional gain, simulating the experience of a retinal prosthesis in healthy individuals is desirable. Current simulation paradigms lack crucial aspects of th...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/10.14.32
更新日期：2010-12-29 00:00:00
abstract：:After adapting to a certain motion direction, our perception of a similar direction will be repelled away from the adapting direction, a phenomenon known as the direction aftereffect (DAE). As the motion system consists of local and global processing stages, it remains unclear how the adaptation of the two stages cont...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/18.12.2
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Which face cues do we use for gender discrimination? Few studies have tried to answer this question and the few that have tried typically used only a small set of grayscale stimuli, often distorted and presented a large number of times. Here, we reassessed the importance of facial cues for gender discrimination in a m...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/9.2.10
更新日期：2009-02-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Eye movements are the most frequent (∼3/s), shortest-latency (∼150-250 ms), and biomechanically simplest (one joint, no inertial complexities) voluntary motor behavior in primates, providing a model system to assess sensorimotor disturbances arising from trauma, fatigue, aging, or disease states. We have developed a 1...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/14.14.12
更新日期：2014-12-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Features of moving objects are non-retinotopically integrated along their motion trajectories as demonstrated by a variety of recent studies. The mechanisms of non-retinotopic feature integration are largely unknown. Here, we investigated the role of attention in non-retinotopic feature integration by using the sequen...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/10.12.8
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper explores the nature of the representations used for computing mean visual size of an array of visual objects of different sizes. In Experiment 1 we found that mean size judgments are accurately made even when the individual objects (circles) upon which those judgments were based were distributed between the...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/9.9.7
更新日期：2009-08-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Pupil size changes with light. For this reason, researchers studying the effect of attention, contextual processing, and arousal on the pupillary response have matched the mean luminance of their stimuli across conditions to eliminate the contribution of differences in light levels. Here, we argue that the match of me...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/jov.20.8.4
更新日期：2020-08-03 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied mechanisms underlying the crowding effect in indirect form vision by measuring recognition contrast sensitivity of a character with flankers to the left and right. Attentional and featural contributions to the effect can be separated by a new paradigm that distinguishes pattern location errors from pattern ...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/5.11.8
更新日期：2005-12-29 00:00:00
abstract：:This study evaluated the extent to which different types of luminance noise can be used to target selectively the inferred magnocellular (MC) and parvocellular (PC) visual pathways. Letter contrast sensitivity (CS) was measured for three visually normal subjects for letters of different size (0.8°-5.3°) under establis...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/17.8.5
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The processes underlying motion-induced blindness (MIB) are widely debated. Ultimately, however, they must reduce to a sensitivity drop and/or to an upward shift of the decision criterion. The first possibility was tested by assessing the detection threshold for a contrast (or luminance) increment applied to the MIB t...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/7.7.4
更新日期：2007-05-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The investigation of cognitive influence on binocular rivalry has a long history. However, the effects of visual WM on rivalry have never been studied so far. We examined top-down modulation of rivalry perception in four experiments to compare the effects of visual WM and sustained selective attention: In the first th...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/14.5.13
更新日期：2014-05-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Visually guided catch-up saccades during the pursuit of a moving target are highly influenced by smooth pursuit performance. For example, the decision to execute a saccade and its amplitude is driven by the difference in velocity between the eye and the target. In previous studies, we have demonstrated that the predic...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/9.11.7
更新日期：2009-10-06 00:00:00
abstract：:In everyday life, our brains decide about the relevance of huge amounts of sensory input. Further complicating this situation, this input is distributed over different modalities. This raises the question of how different sources of information interact for the control of overt attention during free exploration of the...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/7.10.11
更新日期：2007-07-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual short-term memory (VSTM) load leads to impaired perception during maintenance. Here, we fitted the contrast response function to psychometric orientation discrimination data while also varying attention demand during maintenance to investigate: (1) whether VSTM load effects on perception are mediated by a modul...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/jov.20.10.6
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:S.-W. Wu, M. F. Dal Martello, and L. T. Maloney (2009) evaluated subjects' performance in a visuo-motor task where subjects were asked to hit two targets in sequence within a fixed time limit. Hitting targets earned rewards and Wu et al. varied rewards associated with targets. They found that subjects failed to maximi...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/10.6.1
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human observers made local orientation judgments of smoothly shaded surfaces illuminated from different directions by large area lights, both with and without visible smooth occlusion contours. Test-retest correlations between the first and second halves of the experiment revealed that observers' judgments were highly...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/15.2.24
更新日期：2015-02-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) is largely generated in V1. To relate the electrical activity recorded from humans to recordings from single cells in nonhuman primate (V1) cortex, contrast-response functions for the human mfVEP were compared to predictions from a model of V1 activity (D. J. Heeger, A. C...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/6.5.4
更新日期：2006-04-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The fovea is the retinal location responsible for our most acute vision. There are several methods used to localize the fovea, but the fovea is not always easily identifiable. Landmarks used to determine the foveal location are variable in normal subjects and localization becomes even more difficult in instances of re...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1167/9.3.21
更新日期：2009-03-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Culture shapes how people gather information from the visual world. We recently showed that Western observers focus on the eyes region during face recognition, whereas Eastern observers fixate predominantly the center of faces, suggesting a more effective use of extrafoveal information for Easterners compared to Weste...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/10.6.21
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During observation of an ambiguous Necker cube, our percept changes spontaneously although the external stimulus does not. An EEG paradigm allowing time-resolved EEG measurement during endogenous perceptual reversals recently revealed a chain of ERP correlates beginning with an early occipital positivity at around 130...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/11.9.12
更新日期：2011-08-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual crowding refers to the marked inability to identify an otherwise perfectly identifiable object when it is flanked by other objects. Crowding places a significant limit on form vision in the visual periphery; its mechanism is, however, unknown. Building on the method of signal-clamped classification images (Tjan...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/7.2.5
更新日期：2007-02-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Human observers are able to estimate various ego-motion parameters from optic flow, including rotation, translational heading, time-to-collision (TTC), time-to-passage (TTP), etc. The perception of linear ego-acceleration or deceleration, i.e., changes of translational velocity, is less well understood. While time-to-...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/12.7.10
更新日期：2012-07-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Men with normal color vision vary widely in the ratio of long- (L) to middle-wavelength sensitive (M) cones. This variation provides opportunities to test models for the mechanism that produces L versus M cones during development. The L and M photopigment genes lie in a tandem array. Each gene has a promoter, and upst...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/4.3.7
更新日期：2004-03-25 00:00:00
abstract：:When categorizing an object, we fixate our eyes on informative parts of that object. In the current study, morphed figures were used to investigate whether the interpretation of such unclear objects is reflected in the eye movement pattern. The morphed figures were created by interpolating two concrete objects. The in...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/13.6.6
更新日期：2013-05-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Symbolic numbers (e.g., "2") acquire their meaning by becoming linked to the core nonsymbolic quantities they represent (e.g., two items). However, the extent to which symbolic and nonsymbolic information converges onto the same internal core representations of quantity remains a point of considerable debate. As nearl...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/14.3.30
更新日期：2014-03-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Perceiving three-dimensional object motion while moving through the world is hard: not only must optic flow be segmented and parallax resolved into shape and motion, but also observer motion needs to be taken into account in order to perceive absolute, rather than observer-relative motion. In order to simplify the las...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/13.2.15
更新日期：2013-02-08 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of seven experiments explored search for opaque targets among transparent distractors or vice versa. Static stimuli produced very inefficient search. With moving items, search for an opaque target among transparent distractors was quite efficient while search for transparent targets was less efficient (Experi...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/5.3.9
更新日期：2005-03-30 00:00:00
abstract：:In human (D. H. Baker, T. S. Meese, & R. J. Summers, 2007b) and in cat (B. Li, M. R. Peterson, J. K. Thompson, T. Duong, & R. D. Freeman, 2005; F. Sengpiel & V. Vorobyov, 2005) there are at least two routes to cross-orientation suppression (XOS): a broadband, non-adaptable, monocular (within-eye) pathway and a more na...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/9.5.2
更新日期：2009-05-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual localization is based on the complex interplay of bottom-up and top-down processing. Based on previous work, the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) is assumed to play an essential role in this interplay. In this study, we investigated the causal role of the PPC in visual localization. Specifically, our goal was to...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/14.9.5
更新日期：2014-08-07 00:00:00
abstract：:To reach for an object, one needs to know its egocentric distance (absolute depth). It remains an unresolved issue which signals are required by the brain to calculate this absolute depth information. We devised a geometric model of binocular 3D eye orientation and investigated the signals necessary to uniquely determ...
journal_title：Journal of vision
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/8.16.3
更新日期：2008-12-15 00:00:00
