Abstract:
:Analogues of L-arginine that are chemically modified at the terminal guanidino nitrogen group, such as Nomega-monomethy-L-arginine (L-NMMA), have been used for nitric oxide synthase inhibition. However, L-NMMA and other methylated L-arginine analogues are also endogenously formed. Among these, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) have been shown to be the most abundant. Like L-NMMA, ADMA is an inhibitor of NO synthase, whereas SDMA is inactive. ADMA is synthesized by N-methyltransferases, a family of enzymes that methylate L-arginine residues within specific proteins. Free ADMA is released during proteolytic cleavage of methylated proteins; it can be detected in plasma and urine, but its intracellular concentrations appear to be much higher. ADMA is metabolized by the enzyme dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH), and inhibition of DDAH activity has been shown to lead to increased ADMA levels and endothelial dysfunction. Plasma levels of ADMA are elevated in endstage renal failure, in atherosclerosis and hypercholesterolemia, in hypertension, and in heart failure. Although the molecular cause for elevation of ADMA concentration in these diseases has not been fully elucidated, evidence is accumulating that ADMA is one cause of endothelial dysfunction in these diseases. Moreover, it may be a marker or even a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, pharmacological modulation of ADMA concentration may be a novel therapeutic target in cardiovascular diseases.
journal_name
Semin Thromb Hemostjournal_title
Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasisauthors
Böger RH,Bode-Böger SMdoi
10.1055/s-2000-13210subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-01-01 00:00:00pages
539-45issue
5eissn
0094-6176issn
1098-9064journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Obtaining a personal history of bleeding is a critical component to the diagnosis of von Willebrand disease (VWD). The collection of this information can be challenging for physicians, however, as the reporting and interpretation of bleeding symptoms is subjective. The need for more precise quantification of bleeding ...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0036-1597289
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pre-eclampsia (P-EC) is a multisystem disorder exclusive to pregnancy. It complicates ~2 to 8% of all pregnancies and remains a major cause of maternal mortality. P-EC is characterized by a profound hypercoagulable state. The delicate hemostatic balance that must be maintained in the uteroplacental circulation during ...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0030-1270336
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a persuasive body of evidence suggesting that tissue factor (TF) is a major determinant of tumor progression. In addition to its "traditional" function as the initiator of hemostasis, TF may support tumor progression through signaling mechanisms involving either direct signal transduction through the TF cytop...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2008-1079255
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) are now universally accepted as drugs of choice for postsurgical prophylaxis and treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Currently, these agents are also being developed for the treatment of various cardiovascular conditions. Because of manufacturing differences, each of the LMWH...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2004-823007
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the current therapeutic armamentarium of venous thrombosis encompasses the use of vitamin K antagonists, heparins, and direct oral anticoagulants, these drugs have several important drawbacks. Antisense oligonucleotides are relatively short single-stranded nucleic acid sequences, which hybridize with a target...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0035-1546466
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), a principal inhibitor of fibrinolysis, is induced in thrombotic, fibrotic, and cardiovascular diseases, which in turn primarily afflict the older population. This induction of PAI-1 may play an important role in the pathology of these diseases as PAI-1 can regulate the dissol...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0034-1384635
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central venous catheters (CVCs) are important for the treatment of patients with cancer, especially in the perioperative and palliative care settings. These devices not only allow for the administration of chemotherapy, parenteral nutrition, and other intravenous therapies, but they may also improve the patients' qual...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0034-1371005
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::As the understanding of the genetic basis of the inherited thrombophilias has increased over recent years, their routine diagnostic genetic analysis has also matured. This review considers methods used to test for the factor V (F5) Leiden mutation and prothrombin 20210A (F2 c.*97G>A) allele, and analysis of the SERPIN...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1321491
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prothrombin time (PT) assay is the most clinically ordered coagulation test and is most often used for monitoring of vitamin K antagonist (VKA) therapy (e.g., warfarin), where results are expressed as an international normalized ratio (INR). The INR is in essence the patient's PT "mathematically adjusted" to a sta...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0028-1104538
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism of thrombosis in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome is not clear. To investigate it, we examined the effect of monoclonal anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies and beta2-glycoprotein I (beta2-GPI), which is required for formation of the aCL epitopes, on activated protein C (APC) and on fibrinolytic activ...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-994958
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The identification of the JAK2 V617F mutation in patients with myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs) represents a major breakthrough in our understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases. One year after its discovery, an impressive number of publications appeared. These articles confirmed most of the initial result...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2006-942755
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous studies, performed in recent years, have provided the convincing demonstration that the incidence of newly diagnosed malignancy is increased among patients with unexplained venous thromboembolism during the first 6 to 12 months after the thromboembolic event. Among malignancies presenting with venous thromboe...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-994914
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of patients with inhibitors to FVIII remains a complex clinical problem. Although characterizing the individual patient may aid in the initial development of a care plan, no treatment is uniformly reliable for all patients. Experts in the field are as likely to disagree as agree when it comes to choosing tre...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-994002
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelets have classically been considered crucial effector cells in hemostasis, but now are increasingly recognized as players during inflammatory responses in innate and adaptive immunity. Platelets can recognize and kill invading pathogens, and, upon stimulation, also release a wide array of mediators that modify i...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0037-1607432
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite long-standing knowledge about the relationship between thrombosis and atherosclerosis, the specific role of thrombin in modulating atherosclerosis and the response to vascular injury is not well understood. Thrombin receptor stimulation in vitro signals many cellular events that are associated with the respons...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-999001
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital factor XIII (FXIII) deficiency is a rare, autosomal recessive bleeding disorder with potentially life-threatening consequences. FXIII is composed of two subunits (A and B), and a deficiency or dysfunction of either can result in FXIII deficiency. Traditionally, FXIII deficiency has been managed by infusing ...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0036-1585076
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The age of the thrombus is probably a very important determinant of the outcome of thrombolysis. The clinical potential for rapidly dissolving thrombi by thrombolytic therapy is considerable because restoration of the blood flow can rescue the jeopardized district served by the occluded vessel such as for myocardial i...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-2007-1002747
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Total fibrinolytic activity in the vasculature is finely tuned by the balance between tissue plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1). Although PAI-1 targets plasminogen activators, it also reacts with other serine proteases such as thrombin and factor Xa. The latter was shown to intera...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2000-9801
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are several genetic and acquired risk factors for venous thromboembolism. Exposure to high altitude (HA), either during air travel, ascension of mountains, or while engaging in sports activities, has been observed to result in a hypercoagulable state, thus predisposing to thromboembolic events. Although several ...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1301413
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current concepts of etiology and pathophysiology resulting in disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) form the basis of treatment of this hemostatic disorder. Due to the heterogeneous triggering diseases and different kinds of DIC, clinical symptoms such as predominant bleeding, thromboembolic complications or or...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-995823
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite numerous past and ongoing efforts, there remains significant variation in results from assays for the major antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), namely anticardiolipin (aCL), anti-beta2 glycoprotein I (anti-beta2GPI), and lupus anticoagulant (LA). There is therefore a need to produce comprehensive guidelines on ...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0028-1085479
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rivaroxaban is approved in Europe and the United States for thromboprophylaxis following total joint arthroplasty. As the rate of obesity increases, confirming safety and efficacy in this patient population is paramount. This retrospective chart review assessed the efficacy and safety of rivaroxaban between two body m...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0038-1676319
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelial cells secrete von Willebrand factor (vWF) multimers that are larger than those found in the circulating plasma. These very large multimeric forms of vWF, capable of spontaneously binding to and agglutinating the blood platelets under conditions of high fluid shear rate, are degraded by a specific metallopr...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2002-27819
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid and accurate risk stratification is critical in determining the optimal treatment strategy for patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). Early identification of patients with normal blood pressure and a favorable prognosis (low-risk PE) might select a subset of patients for outpatient treatment, which is asso...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0036-1597287
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::CD34 (+) progenitor cells are a promising source of regeneration in atherosclerosis or ischemic heart disease. However, as recently published, CD34(+) progenitor cells have the potential to differentiate not only into endothelial cells but also into foam cells upon interaction with platelets. The mechanism of platelet...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0030-1251499
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in the genes for three complement regulators-complement factor H (CFH), membrane cofactor protein (MCP), and factor I (IF)-have now been described in patients with atypical HUS. The functional effects of these mutations have been studied in detail and have been shown to affect secretion, expression, and regu...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2006-939771
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quiescent pulmonary endothelium establishes an antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory surface that promotes blood flow. However, the endothelium rapidly responds to injury and inflammation by promoting thrombosis and enabling the directed transmigration of inflammatory cells, such as neutrophils, into the alveolar airspace...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0030-1253452
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, in Germany, there is a successful program where patients monitor their own coagulation status through self-testing. The advent of a new generation of coagulometers has allowed more and more patients to use self-testing to monitor their coagulation status. The development of a structured training program by ...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-2007-996423
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet-type von Willebrand disease (PT-VWD) and type 2B von Willebrand disease (2B-VWD) are rare bleeding disorders characterized by increased ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation (RIPA) at low concentrations of ristocetin. Diagnosis of either condition is not easy and the differential diagnosis between the two e...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1055/s-0033-1364183
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), dramatic improvements have been made in the quality and length of life in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWA). Complications that are seen with increasing frequency in this group include venous thromboembolism events (VTE) and cardiovascular disease. Rece...
journal_title:Seminars in thrombosis and hemostasis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1055/s-0032-1328887
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00