Abstract：
:The fundamental difference of the Ilizarov fixator is the type of pins used for bone fixation, i.e., Kirschner wires 1.5 mm and 1.8 mm in diameter, pretensioned from 50 to 130 kg before being affixed to the rings that are connected and fixed by threaded rods. The mechanical characteristics of external fixators may influence the biologic environment at the fracture site and ultimately decide the outcome of a surgical procedure. Thus, knowledge of the mechanical properties of the Ilizarov fixator is essential to a surgeon using it in clinical practice. The main objective of this study was to quantitate the mechanical behavior of the standard Ilizarov fixator under different loading conditions and fixator frame/wire configurations. The fixator was found to have a nonlinear stiffness behavior under axial compression. The nonlinearity in axial stiffness also varied with wire pretension. Such characteristics, however, were not as pronounced under torsion and bending loads within the test range studied. Besides the wire pretension, the most important factor affecting the structural stiffness of the Ilizarov device was the diameter of the wire. Offset bone position provided greater stiffness in loads up to 45 kg in axial compression, in torsion up to 5 degrees of rotation, and in the final loading range under bending. Fixators with wires crossing at 45 degrees had significantly greater stiffness in torsion as compared with 90 degrees crossing wires, but the opposite was true in axial compression. Torsional stiffness increased significantly under coupled axial compression applied through the bone ends. All four-point bending tests demonstrated two distinct stiffness curves that were probably due to slippage of the bone model on the wires. This information should help to understand the mechanical behavior of the Ilizarov device and thereby improve its clinical performance.
journal_name
Clin Orthop Relat Resjournal_title
Clinical orthopaedics and related researchauthors
Podolsky A,Chao EYsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-08-01 00:00:00pages
61-70issue
293eissn
0009-921Xissn
1528-1132pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The effectiveness of physeal distraction in stimulating bone growth in animals was investigated by force applied to the distal femoral growth plate of immature rabbits. The system was continuously monitored to detect physeal separation. A distraction of 0.25 mm every 12 hours led to physeal separation in five animals....
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The progression from chronic anterior cruciate instability to degeneration of the knee has been well documented in animal studies. However, the literature is unclear as to the overall consequences with respect to the development of osteoarthritis. The long-term consequences of the anterior cruciate insufficient knee w...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A prospective comparative study was conducted involving 62 patients to determine the effects and limits of accelerated rehabilitation on clinical outcome. The study focused on whether aggressive rehabilitation after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with the doubled semitendinosus and gracilis tendon autograft...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00003086-200204000-00043
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic spontaneous dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint occurs more frequently in athletes than nonathletes, causing weakness and sometimes pain during prolonged stress upon the arm. Five such joints were successfully treated in 4 patients by means of a dynamic method of repair--tenodesis of the sternal head of ...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis in the healthy middle-aged population is a challenging problem. Fifty-one knees in 50 patients with isolated patellofemoral osteoarthritis were treated by partial lateral facetectomy, lateral release, and medialization of the tibial tubercle. The minimum followup was 7 ...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11999-007-0071-9
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In juvenile kyphosis (JK), the roentgenographic defects correspond to the sites of large translucent areas of the collagen-free tissue in the cartilaginous end plates of vertebral bodies. The extent of the roentgenographic lesions is proportional to the number and size of these translucent areas. The gradual transitio...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because it is difficult to predict which patients may sustain a pulmonary embolism after total hip or knee arthroplasty, we assessed multiple thrombophilic and hypofibrinolytic parameters to identify risk factors. Twenty-nine patients who survived a known pulmonary embolism after total knee or total hip arthroplasty w...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.blo.0000128971.35014.31
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A proprioception measurement system was designed and constructed to evaluate lower-limb knee joint proprioception in ten above-knee amputees. The system permitted the testing of subjects in a position simulating late swing phase of gait. The threshold for detection of slow passive motion and the ability to reproduce s...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eleven intraoperative femur fractures occurred during 605 total hip replacements at Rancho Los Amigos Hospital, an incidence of 1.8%. Fractures occur more often in women, are usually located in the proximal femur, and mostly occur during femoral reaming. The main predisposing factors were osteoporosis and previous hip...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A primary aim of research in total hip arthroplasty is to extend longevity through improved fixation and decreased wear and osteolysis. Age range of patients receiving hip implants is ever increasing as technology improves and average life span increases. The current report focuses on minimum 10-year results of a prox...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00003086-200212000-00011
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selection of the suitable treatment method for an infected hip arthroplasty requires careful assessment of patient-related variables and expected treatment goals. The basic treatment options include antibiotic suppression, open debridement, resection arthroplasty, arthrodesis, reimplantation of another prosthesis, and...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/00003086-200403000-00010
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors reviewed the use of chemotherapy and anterior/posterior spinal fusion without instrumentation to treat children with extensive spinal tuberculosis and kyphosis. Six children underwent anterior and posterior spinal fusion. All of the patients were followed until after maturity, except for 1 child who died o...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00003086-199604000-00027
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Milwaukee brace treatment for patients with idiopathic scoliosis very rarely accomplishes improvement approaching that of successful surgery. Prpgression of small and medium-sized curves (60 degrees or less) has been routinely halted. Few curves progress with adequate brace treatment. Occasionally, improvement in defo...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Benign solitary schwannomas of the foot are a rare occurrence; only four cases have been previously reported. A schwannoma associated with the medial plantar nerve present for more than 40 years before the onset of symptoms was diagnosed in a 73-year-old man. Excision of the mass, with preservation of the involved ner...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteonecrosis (aseptic or avascular necrosis of bone) is an entity with many causes that can occur at a variety of sites. It is a known complication of corticosteroid therapy, either alone or combined with other drugs in the treatment of malignancy. Osteonecrosis associated with chemotherapy that does not include cort...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has a wide range of clinical applications but does not directly bond to bone. Bulk incorporation of osteoconductive materials including hydroxyapatite (HA) into the PEEK matrix is a potential solution to address the formation of a fibrous tissue layer between PEEK and bone and has...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11999-016-4994-x
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Local drug delivery has substantial potential to prevent infections compared with systemic delivery. Although calcium sulfate (CaSO(4)) has been studied for local drug delivery and two types are commercially available, it is unknown whether they differentially release antibiotics. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES:We dete...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type：
doi：10.1007/s11999-011-1911-1
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Kinematic and kinetic parameters of gait have a significant dependency on subject age and walking velocity. Hip flexion-extension, stride length, hip resultant force, hip resultant moment, and hip contact force all increase with increasing velocity. All of these parameters except hip resultant force are significantly ...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Supracondylar osteotomy is an alternative to other procedures for realignment of the rheumatoid hindfoot. Of 64 hindfoot operations performed since 1964, 12 were supracondylar osteotomies. The specific indication for this procedure was an ankylosed rheumatoid foot with equinovarus deformity and limited range of tarsal...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Use of the lowest possible cuff inflation pressure should minimize the pathogenic effects of compression beneath the pneumatic tourniquet. Curved tourniquets (designed to fit conically shaped limbs) and wider tourniquets were associated with significantly lower arterial occlusion pressure (AOP) than standard, straight...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Do X-rays adequately reflect the strength of callus post fracture? Eleven rabbit tibiae were manually fractured and allowed to heal in plaster. At varying times post fracture, the rabbits were sacrificed and the tibiae were removed. AP and lateral X-rays of each tibia were obtained and shown to 27 orthopedists and rad...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Radial head alignment is the key to determine elbow reduction after treatment of subluxations or Monteggia fractures. The radiocapitellar ratio (RCR) quantifies the degree of subluxation, by evaluating radial head alignment with the capitellum of the humerus; this ratio is reproducible when measured on true ...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11999-013-3027-2
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three patients were treated for pathologic fractures of the thoracolumbar spine causing progressive neurologic deficit. An anterior decompression with partial removal of the diseased vertebra was performed with improvement of neurologic function in each patient. Active tumor was not found, but necrotic bone with colla...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In accepting this invitation to write a prefatory chapter as a mini professional autobiography, it has become all too obvious that this has touched a few nerve endings that had healed many years ago. Contemplating personal experiences, thoughts, and philosophies and then writing them should have a purpose. During thes...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The number of studies reporting on outcomes after total ankle arthroplasty is continuously increasing. As the use of valid outcome measures represents the cornerstone for successful clinical research, we aimed to identify the most frequently used outcome instruments in ankle arthroplasty studies and to analyze the evi...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11999-009-1036-y
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 14-year-old girl with painful scoliosis was found to have an osteoid osteoma involving the body of the left seventh rib. Excision of the tumor was facilitated by intraoperative bone scanning that precisely located its position. Following surgery, preoperative pain was completely relieved and the spinal curvature had...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs) may have neurotrophic functions but there is limited evidence of these functions in the peripheral nervous system. We therefore investigated the expression of BMPs and BMP receptors (BMPRs) in normal and injured peripheral nerves. In 10 of 15 Sprague-Dawley rats, a 3-mm segment of scia...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11999-009-1009-1
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The need for revision surgery following total elbow arthroplasty can be minimized if certain principles are observed. These include careful preoperative assessment for diaphyseal bone size, the presence of anatomic resources for arthroplasty, the possible need for future adjacent joint arthroplasties, meticulous surgi...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A quantitative three-dimensional measurement method, radiographic stereophotogrammetry (SPG), was employed to assess the relation between early subsidence of the femoral prosthesis after total hip arthroplasty (THA) and subsequent clinical course. The SPG technique and the authors' error control mechanisms are describ...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There are a variety of postoperative immobilization and therapy options for patients with basal joint arthritis. Although prior systematic reviews have compared surgical procedures used to treat basal joint arthritis, none to our knowledge compares therapy protocols for this condition, which are considered a...
journal_title：Clinical orthopaedics and related research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11999-013-3285-z
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
