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Three-dimensional distributions of sewage markers in Tokyo Bay water--fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs).

Abstract：

:Three-dimensional distributions of fluorescent whitening agents (FWAs: more specifically, DSBP and DAS1), which are sewage-derived water-soluble markers, were observed in Tokyo Bay water through multi-layer sampling of water at 20 locations. In summer, FWAs predominated in the surface layers, with trace but significant concentration of FWAs in bottom water due to stratification of seawater. In winter, on the other hand, FWAs were extensively mixed into the bottom layers because of the vertical mixing of seawater. In the surface layer, FWA concentrations and the DSBP/DAS1 ratio (the concentration ratio of DSBP to DAS1) were lower in summer than in winter, suggesting more efficient photodegradation of FWAs in euphotic zones during the summer due to stronger solar radiation. Horizontally, FWAs were widely distributed over the surface layer of Tokyo Bay. Surface water with DSBP concentrations above 50ng/L, corresponding to <200 times dilution of sewage effluent, was found to have spread up to 10km from the coastline. In addition, an offshore decline in FWA concentrations was observed, showing a half-distance of 10-20km. The decrease was caused by dilution by seawater of fresh water containing FWAs. The eastern part of the bay was different with respect to surface layers, with higher concentrations seen in northeastern parts. Furthermore, dispersion of combined sewer overflow (CSO)-derived water mass was observed in Tokyo Bay after heavy rain.

journal_name

Mar Pollut Bull

journal_title

Marine pollution bulletin

authors

Managaki S,Takada H,Kim DM,Horiguchi T,Shiraishi H

doi

10.1016/j.marpolbul.2005.08.025

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2006-03-01 00:00:00

pages

281-92

issue

3

eissn

0025-326X

issn

1879-3363

pii

S0025-326X(05)00378-4

journal_volume

52

pub_type

杂志文章

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