Abstract：
:The integrity of the intestinal mucosa depends on a functional coordination of the epithelium, lumenal microorganisms, and the local immune system. The mammalian immune system is superbly organized for innate and adaptive recognition of microbial antigens, a defensive capacity that must be balanced against the tissue damage produced by immune activity to preserve normal intestinal function. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is generally thought to reflect an impairment in this balance, due to a combination of host genetic traits that shift the balance of immune and epithelial function to commensal microbiota, and perhaps the composition or activity of certain microbial elements as well. There has been much progress defining the fundamental disorders of these host traits, immunologic processes, and microbial targets in inflammatory bowel disease. Other fields of clinical and geologic microbiology are teaching us about the dynamic interaction of commensal bacteria with their host environment. These lines of investigation have revealed not only important insights about inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis, but also defined technologies and tools useful for its diagnosis and clinical management. This review focuses on these advances at the translational interface. We will first consider the innate anti-microbial response, centering on the utility of NOD2 genotyping for predicting disease susceptibility, prognosis, and therapeutic response profile. We will then turn to the adaptive anti-microbial response, focusing on the application of antibodies to fungal and bacterial species and products for Crohn's disease (CD) diagnosis and prognosis, and immunogenetics of T cell immunosuppression management. Finally, we will describe autoimmune mechanisms in IBD, with particular attention to autoantibodies in IBD diagnosis and infliximab responsiveness. We will conclude with the concept of multiparameter analysis of patients, to refine patient characterization and stratification in diagnosis and clinical management.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Braun J,Targan SRdoi
10.1007/0-387-33778-4_13subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-01-01 00:00:00pages
209-18eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
579pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Endometrial cancer is a frequently occurring gynecological disorder. Estrogen-dependent endometrioid carcinoma is the most common type of gynecological cancer. One of the major pathologic phenomena of endometrial cancer is the loss of estrogen (E2) and progesterone (P4) control over uterine epithelial cell proliferati...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-43139-0_8
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Whilst the primary DNA sequence sets the limits of potential gene expression, the pattern of gene expression in a given cell under particular circumstances is determined by several factors including the epigenetic marking of the genome. These marks include DNA methylation and post-translational modification of the his...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4020-9173-5_13
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques are being increasingly utilised as an in vivo method to monitor tissue oxygen concentration in various organs. In muscle and heart, proton NMR spectroscopy of myoglobin has been used to calculate local oxygen tension through the oxygen sensitivity of the histidine group sign...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-3404-4_22
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retinitis pigmentosa refers to a large, genetically heterogeneous group of retinal dystrophies. This condition is characterized by the gradual onset of blindness due to progressive deterioration of the retina, a process that includes photoreceptor and retinal-pigmented-epithelium cell decay and death, microglial recru...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-3209-8_47
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) is generally considered to be a pro-inflammatory transcription factor, recent studies indicate that it also plays a critical role in the development of an anti-inflammatory T cell subset called regulatory T (Treg) cells. Two NF-kB proteins, c-Rel and p65, drive the development of Tre...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-0106-3_12
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One fascinating aspect of glucocorticoid signaling is their broad range of physiological and pharmacological effects. These effects are at least in part a consequence of transcriptional regulation by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Activation of GR by glucocorticoids results in tissue-specific changes in gene expres...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4939-2895-8_3
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Taurine release in mouse hippocampal slices is regulated by several neurotransmitter receptor systems. The ionotropic glutamate receptors and the adenosine receptor A(1) are the most effective. The effect of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors is mediated via activation of the pathway involving nitric oxide and 3',5'-cycli...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-6130-2_11
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accumulating evidence suggests that sigma-1 receptors play a role in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric diseases, as well as in the mechanisms of some selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Among the SSRIs, the order of affinity for sigma-1 receptors is as follows: fluvoxamine > sertraline > fluoxetine ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-50174-1_11
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipoproteins play a key role in regulating plasma and tissue levels of cholesterol. Apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins, including chylomicrons, very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), serve as carriers of triglycerides and cholesterol and deliver these metabolites to periphe...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-55330-6_22
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite diverse and changing extracellular environments, fungi maintain a relatively constant cytosolic pH and numerous organelles of distinct lumenal pH. Key players in fungal pH control are V-ATPases and the P-type proton pump Pma1. These two proton pumps act in concert with a large array of other transporters and a...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-25304-6_3
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CD133 antigen (prominin-1) is a useful cell surface marker of very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs). Antibodies against it, conjugated to paramagnetic beads or fluorochromes, are thus powerful biological tools for their isolation from human umbilical cord blood, mobilized peripheral blood, and bone marrow. VSEL...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-5894-4_9
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five human leukocyte long-term suspension cultures were investigated by means of cytochemical and cytogenetic methods. A striking resemblance in the morphology of these cells originating either from peripheral blood or from spleen of patients with or without hematological disorders was found. Lymphocytic origin of all...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-0731-1_15
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We analyzed CD95(Fas/APO-1) antigen expression on bone marrow blasts in 38 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receiving a treatment in the Department of Leukaemias at the Cancer Research Center in 1987-1989 years (n = 22) and in 1994-1997 years (n = 16). CD95 antigen expression was studied by monoclonal ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-4811-9_27
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many antimicrobial peptides are considered to kill microbes by permeabilizing cell membranes. This chapter summarizes the driving force of peptide binding to membranes; various mechanisms of lipid bilayer permeabilization including the barrel-stave, toroidal pore, and carpet models; and modes of permeabilization of ba...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-3588-4_2
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dendritic spines are the postsynaptic receptive regions of most excitatory synapses in the central nervous system. Thus, spines are supposed to act as a fundamental unit for information processing of the brains. Previous studies have demonstrated the roles of drebrin in the formation of dendritic spines and in the rec...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-4-431-56550-5_10
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microalgae have an enormous ecological relevance as they contribute significantly to global carbon fixation. But also for biotechnology microalgae became increasingly interesting during the last decades as many algae provide valuable natural products. Especially the high lipid content of some species currently attract...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-27216-0_16
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This chapter gives an overview of current methods for the isolation of biosurfactant producing microbes. The common screening methods for biosurfactants are presented. Sampling and isolation of bacteria are the basis for screening of biosurfactant producing microbes. Hydrocarbon-contaminated sites are the most promisi...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-5979-9_1
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Impaired oxygen utilization in skeletal muscle potentially contributes to muscle weakness in patients with malignant hematopoietic disease and may explain altered hemodynamic responses to exercise in these patients. We investigated whether changes in hemoglobin parameters in the tibialis anterior muscle in patients wi...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-91287-5_46
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) are ubiquitously expressed intracellular ligand-gated Ca2+ channels present on the endoplasmic reticulum of virtually all eukaryotic cells. These channels mediate the Ca2+ release from intracellular stores in response to activation by the signaling molecule IP3, which fun...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-55858-5_6
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The stage and tissue specific expression of milk protein genes in the mammary gland is controlled by modular response regions with multiple binding sites for distinct classes of transcription factors, which either co-operate or are antagonistic. In addition, the activity of some of these factors is individually contro...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/0-306-46832-8_17
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The primary goal of this project was to elucidate the spatial pattern of capillaries in three hamster striated muscles according to statistical techniques of pattern analysis. The spatial pattern of capillaries and traditional measures of capillarity are important to understanding the supply and distribution of oxygen...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5643-1_30
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The analysis of different Wavelets including novel Wavelet families based on atomic functions are presented, especially for ultrasound (US) and mammography (MG) images compression. This way we are able to determine with what type of filters Wavelet works better in compression of such images. Key properties: Frequency ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-7046-6_50
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The success rate from investigational new drug filing to drug approval has remained low for decades despite major scientific and technological advances, and a steady increase of funding and investment. The failure to demonstrate drug efficacy has been the major reason that drug development does not progress beyond pha...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-28471-8_7
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies in this laboratory on the nuclear binding sites (acceptors) for progesterone receptor in the developed chick oviduct have resulted in the detection of seasonal variations in the levels and functions of the receptor. Cytosol preparations obtained from the chick oviducts during the winter/spring period between J...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-6589-2_13
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells that reside in various organs. They have the capacity to differentiate into various cell types, including cardiomyocytes, vascular endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells. Among the various MSCs, bone marrow-derived MSCs (BMMSCs) have been widely use...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-10-4397-0_12
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interaction between Ixodid ticks and their mammalian hosts is a complex relationship. While the mammalian host tries to avoid the completion of the feeding process, the tick has devised strategies to counteract these attempts. Tick saliva contains a vast array of pharmacological activities that presumably aid the ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-1601-3_10
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antibiotic resistance is a global epidemic, becoming increasingly pressing due to its rapid spread. There is thus a critical need to develop new therapeutic approaches. In addition to searching for new antibiotics, looking into existing mechanisms of natural host defense may enable researchers to improve existing defe...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-46886-6_7
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cruciferous plant foods contain large quantities of secondary plant metabolites that have been shown to inhibit chemically induced carcinogenesis in animals. One mechanism by which these chemicals may inhibit carcinogenesis is through the induction of enzymes, such as cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenases, glutath...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-2626-5_13
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has long been known that endogenous pyrogen, released as a result of injection of typhoid vaccine or in response to infection, produces fever and increases ACTH secretion. Recent studies have indicated that endogenous pyrogen is, at least in part, IL-1. This monokine has now been shown to activate the release of AC...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5799-5_20
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We identified a 45 kDa Ca(2+)-dependent Lf binding protein on rat hepatocytes. Dithiobis(sulfosuccimidylproprionate) (DTSSP)-crosslinked 125I-Lf to a 45 kDa adduct in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner on intact cells. The 125I-labeled crosslinked complexes were absent when either surface-bound 125I-Lf was stripped prior to cr...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
