Abstract:
:Microbial mineralization of urea and uric acid in poultry litter results in the production of ammonia, which can lead to decreased poultry performance, malodorous emissions, and loss of poultry litter value as a fertilizer. Despite the fact that this is a microbial process, little is known about how the microbial populations, especially ammonia-producing (ureolytic) organisms in poultry litter, respond to litter amendments such as aluminum sulfate (Al(2)(SO(4))(3).14H(2)O; alum). The goal of this study was to measure the temporal changes in total bacterial and fungal populations and urease-producing microorganisms in nontreated litter or litter treated with 10% alum. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to target the bacterial 16S rRNA gene, the fungal 18S rRNA gene, or the urease gene of bacterial and fungal ammonia producers in a poultry litter incubation study. Nontreated poultry litter had relatively high total (2.8 +/- 0.8 x 10(10) cells g(-1) litter) and ureolytic (2.8 +/- 1.3 x 10(8) cells g(-1) litter) bacterial populations. Alum treatment reduced the total bacterial population by 50% and bacterial urease producers by 90% within 4 wk. In contrast, at 16 wk after alum treatment, the fungal population was three orders of magnitude higher in alum-treated litter than in nontreated litter (3.5 +/- 0.8 x 10(7) cells g(-1) litter and 5.5 +/- 2.5 x 10(4) cells g(-1) litter, respectively). The decrease in pH produced by alum treatment is believed to inhibit bacterial populations and favor growth of fungi that may be responsible for the mineralization of organic nitrogen in alum-treated litters.
journal_name
J Environ Qualjournal_title
Journal of environmental qualityauthors
Cook KL,Rothrock MJ Jr,Warren JG,Sistani KR,Moore PA Jrdoi
10.2134/jeq2008.0024subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-10-23 00:00:00pages
2360-7issue
6eissn
0047-2425issn
1537-2537pii
37/6/2360journal_volume
37pub_type
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