Abstract:
:Although the importance of vascular plant-derived dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in freshwater systems has been studied, the role of leached DOC as precursors of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) during drinking water treatment is not well known. Here we measured the propensity of leachates from four crops and four aquatic macrophytes to form trihalomethanes (THMs)-a regulated class of DBPs-before and after 21 d of microbial degradation. We also measured lignin phenol content and specific UV absorbance (SUVA(254)) to test the assumption that aromatic compounds from vascular plants are resistant to microbial degradation and readily form DBPs. Leaching solubilized 9 to 26% of total plant carbon, which formed 1.93 to 6.72 mmol THM mol C(-1). However, leachate DOC concentrations decreased by 85 to 92% over the 21-d incubation, with a concomitant decrease of 67 to 92% in total THM formation potential. Carbon-normalized THM yields in the residual DOC pool increased by 2.5 times on average, consistent with the preferential uptake of nonprecursor material. Lignin phenol concentrations decreased by 64 to 96% over 21 d, but a lack of correlation between lignin content and THM yields or SUVA(254) suggested that lignin-derived compounds are not the source of increased THM precursor yields in the residual DOC pool. Our results indicate that microbial carbon utilization alters THM precursors in ecosystems with direct plant leaching, but more work is needed to identify the specific dissolved organic matter components with a greater propensity to form DBPs and affect watershed management, drinking water quality, and human health.
journal_name
J Environ Qualjournal_title
Journal of environmental qualityauthors
Pellerin BA,Hernes PJ,Saraceno J,Spencer RG,Bergamaschi BAdoi
10.2134/jeq2009.0487subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-04-13 00:00:00pages
946-54issue
3eissn
0047-2425issn
1537-2537pii
39/3/946journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Phosphorus (P) in irrigation runoff may enrich offsite water bodies and streams and be influenced by irrigation water quality and antecedent soil surface conditions. Runoff, soil loss, and P fractions in runoff using reverse osmosis (RO) water or mixed RO and well water (RO/ Tap) were studied in a laboratory sprinkler...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.3041315x
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transitional ecotones such as vegetated buffer strips, stream banks, and streambeds retain phosphorus (P) in the immediate surroundings of farmland. Yet the fate of P in these ecotones remains unclear. Our objectives were to (i) test the difference in the P pool composition of soil and sediment between sites surrounde...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2019.01.0012
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the reduction of nutrient loading between uplands and streams is sometimes considered evidence of the effect of wetlands acting as buffer zones, the influence of valley bottom wetlands (VBWs) on NO(3)(-) loading has seldom been assessed at the catchment scale. The objective of this study was to quantify the i...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2006.0091
更新日期:2006-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Pesticide transport through the unsaturated zone is a function of chemical and soil characteristics, application, and water recharge rate. The fate and transport of 82 pesticides and degradates were investigated at five different agricultural sites. Atrazine and metolachlor, as well as several of the degradates of atr...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2007.0024
更新日期:2008-05-02 00:00:00
abstract::Livestock slurry is a major source of atmospheric methane (CH), but surface crusts harboring methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) could mediate against CH emissions. This study examined conditions for CH oxidation by in situ measurements of oxygen (O) and nitrous oxide (NO), as a proxy for inorganic N transformations, in ...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2017.02.0047
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of bedding material (corn stover, soybean stover, wheat straw, switchgrass, wood chips, wood shavings, corn cobs, and shredded paper) on concentration of odorous volatile organic compounds (VOC) in bedded pack material and to determine the effect of bedding mat...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2012.0251
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determination of sorption of hydrophilic, weakly sorbing organic compounds in soil by conventional batch methods using a slurried suspension is often prone to considerable errors because small changes in the solution concentration on equilibration must be accurately determined. This difficulty is exacerbated for compo...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.0423
更新日期:2005-05-11 00:00:00
abstract::In many regions, conservation tillage has replaced conventional tilling practices to reduce soil erosion, improve water conservation, and increase soil organic matter. However, tillage can have marked effects on soil properties, specifically nutrient redistribution or stratification in the soil profile. The objective ...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2009.0491
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A procedure involving alkaline extraction and solution 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was developed and optimized for the characterization of P in animal manures (broiler, swine, beef cattle). Inclusion of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) in the alkaline extraction solution recovered between 8...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soils support ecosystem functions such as plant growth and water quality because of certain physical, chemical, and biological properties. These properties have been studied at different spatial scales, including point scales to satisfy basic research needs, and regional scales to satisfy monitoring needs. Recently, s...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.301101x
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agricultural P losses are a global economic and water quality concern. Much of the current understanding of P dynamics in agricultural systems has been obtained from rainfall-driven runoff, and less is known about cold-season processes. An improved understanding of the magnitude, form, and transport flow paths of P lo...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2018.11.0418
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Denitrifying bioreactors (DNBRs) harness the natural capacity of microorganisms to convert bioavailable nitrogen (N) into inert nitrogen gas (N) by providing a suitable anaerobic habitat and an organic carbon energy source. Woodchip systems are reported to remove 2 to 22 g N m d, but the potential to enhance denitrifi...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2015.04.0179
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effectiveness of various management practices to reduce phosphorus (P) loss from soil to water can potentially be improved by using by-product materials that have the capacity to sorb phosphorus. This study evaluated the P sorption and desorption potential, and the physicochemical characteristics of various phosph...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2007.0148
更新日期:2008-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Soil contaminated with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and spiked with [14C]- and [15N3]-TNT was subjected to an anaerobic-aerobic soil slurry treatment and subsequently analyzed by radiocounting and solid-state 15N nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. This treatment led to a complete disappearance of extractabl...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2001.302403x
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potential excessive nutrient and/or microbial loading from mismanaged land application of organic fertilizers is forcing changes in animal waste management. Currently, it is not clear to what extent different rates of poultry litter impact soil microbial communities, which control nutrient availability, organic ma...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2005.0470
更新日期:2006-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::In confined animal feeding operations, liquid manure systems present special handling and storage challenges because of the large volume of diluted wastes. Water treatment polymers and mineral phosphorus (P) immobilizing chemicals [AI2(SO4)3 x 18H2O, FeCl3-6H2O, and Class C fly ash] were used to determine particulate ...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2002.1388
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of liquid swine manure (LSM) offers opportunities to improve manure nutrient management. However, N2O fluxes and cumulative emissions resulting from application of treated LSM are not well documented. Nitrous oxide emissions were monitored following band-incorporation of 100 kg N ha(-1) of either mineral fer...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2009.0482
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy manure-derived contamination of soils can make animal congregating areas nonpoint sources for environmental pollution. In situ soil stabilization is a cost-effective management strategy with a focus on lowering contaminant availability and limiting release to the environment. Soil stabilizing amendments can help...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2018.02.0088
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patch burning can be a potential management tool to create grassland heterogeneity and enhance forage productivity and plant biodiversity, but its impacts on soil and environment have not been widely documented. In summer 2013, we studied the effect of time after patch burning (4 mo after burning [recently burned patc...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2014.12.0523
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The loss of phosphorus (P) from land to water is detrimental to surface water quality in many parts of New Zealand and Australia. Farming, especially pasture-based dairying, can be a source of P loss, but preventing it requires a range of fully costed strategies because little or no subsidies are available and the eff...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2134/jeq2011.0041
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estimation of pesticide volatilization from plants is difficult because of our poor understanding of foliar penetration by pesticides, which governs the amount of pesticide available for volatilization from the leaf surface. The description of foliar penetration is still incomplete because experimental measurements of...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2015.03.0165
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Digestion of municipal wastewater biosolids is a necessary prerequisite to their beneficial use in land application, in order to protect public health and the receiving environment. In this study, 13 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), 11 musks, and 17 polybrominated diphenyl ethers were analyzed in 84...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2015.01.0010
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accurately capturing dynamic soil response to disturbance effects in agroecosystem models remains elusive, thereby limiting projections of climate change mitigation potential. Perennial grasses cultivated in zero-tillage management systems hold promise as sustainable agroecosystems. High-yielding tropical C grasses of...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2017.07.0280
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Farmers in eastern Colorado have commented that atrazine does not provide the length of weed control that they expected in fields that have received multiple applications of the herbicide. Multiple laboratory studies suggest that atrazine dissipates more rapidly in soils with a history of atrazine use compared with so...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2006.0160
更新日期:2007-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Shifts in precipitation regimes due to the predicted climate changes can alter the water content in tropical soils and, consequently, may influence the toxicity of pesticides to soil fauna. This study assessed the influence of soil moisture content on the toxicity of the insecticide imidacloprid to the collembolans Fo...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jeq2.20143
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agriculture in the midwestern United States is a major anthropogenic source of nitrous oxide (NO) and is both a source and sink for methane (CH), but the degree to which cropping systems differ in emissions of these gases is not well understood. Our objectives were to determine if fluxes of NO and CH varied among crop...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2014.02.0077
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Place-based resource management, such as watershed or ecosystem management, is being promoted to replace the media-focused approach for achieving water quality protection. We monitored the agricultural area of a 740-ha watershed to determine the nature and scale of farm material transfers, N and P balances, and farmer...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2003.5620
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vertical distributions of (36)Cl and (99)Tc are presented from deep and shallow lysimeters above artificially controlled water tables for a 4-yr experiment from 1990 to 1993. Activity concentration profiles were all measured in late summer when a winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Pastiche) crop was harvested. Aft...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2004.2272
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Denitrifying bioreactors using woodchips or other slow-release carbon sources can be an effective method for removing nitrate (NO) from wastewater and tile drainage. However, the ability of these systems to remove fecal microbes from wastewater has been largely uninvestigated. In this study, reductions in fecal indica...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2015.06.0326
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Restored riparian wetlands in the Upper Mississippi River basin have potential to remove sediment and nutrients from tributaries before they flow into the Mississippi River. For 3 yr we calculated retention efficiencies of a marsh complex, which consisted of a restored marsh and an adjacent natural marsh that were con...
journal_title:Journal of environmental quality
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2134/jeq2012.0248
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00