Abstract：
:Firemaster 550 and Firemaster BZ-54 are two brominated formulations that are in use as replacements for polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants. Two major components of these mixtures are 2,3,4,5-tetrabromo-ethylhexylbenzoate (TBB) and 2,3,4,5-tetrabromo-bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (TBPH). Both have been measured in environmental matrices; however, scant toxicological information exists. The present study aimed to determine if these brominated flame-retardant formulations are bioavailable and adversely affect DNA integrity in fish. Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) were orally exposed to either FM 550, FM BZ54, or the nonbrominated form of TBPH, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) for 56 d and depurated (e.g., fed clean food) for 22 d. At several time points, liver and blood cells were collected and assessed for DNA damage. Homogenized fish tissues were extracted and analyzed on day 0 and day 56 to determine the residue of TBB and TBPH and the appearance of any metabolites using gas chromatography-electron-capture negative ion mass spectrometry (GC/ECNI-MS). Significant increases (p < 0.05) in DNA strand breaks from liver cells (but not blood cells) were observed during the exposure period compared with controls, although during depuration these levels returned to control. Both parent compounds, TBB and TBPH, were detected in tissues at approximately 1% of daily dosage along with brominated metabolites. The present study provides evidence for accumulation, metabolism, and genotoxicity of these new formulation flame retardants in fish and highlights the potential adverse effects of TBB- and TBPH-formulated fire retardants to aquatic species.
journal_name
Environ Toxicol Chemjournal_title
Environmental toxicology and chemistryauthors
Bearr JS,Stapleton HM,Mitchelmore CLdoi
10.1002/etc.94subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-03-01 00:00:00pages
722-9issue
3eissn
0730-7268issn
1552-8618journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Microplastic particles have been observed in the environment and routinely detected in the stomachs and intestines of aquatic organisms over the last 50 yr. In the present review, information on the ingestion of plastic debris of varying sizes is collated, including data for >800 species representing approximately 87 ...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/etc.4718
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methylmercury is a globally distributed neurotoxin, endocrine disruptor, and teratogen, the effects of which on wildlife at environmentally relevant levels are largely unknown. In birds, foraging efficiency and learning may be sensitive endpoints for sublethal methylmercury toxicity, and these endpoints also may be bi...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/07-466
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We evaluated the utility of gene-transcriptional responses in the liver of mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), a species introduced to many countries and therefore widely available, for detecting endocrine-disrupting activity in water. Exposure to β-naphthoflavone, an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonist, significantl...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.669
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most of the public literature and available guidance documents on the conduct of freshwater whole-sediment toxicity identification and evaluations (TIEs) detail the use of test organisms and amending agents that are readily available in North America. These commonly used test organisms and the supported amending agent...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.3787
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present work was to study the effect of Cd2+ exposure on metallothionein (MT) induction and on the distribution of metals (Cd, Cu, and Zn) in the terrestrial pulmonate Helix aspersa. In particular, the soluble and nonsoluble pools of the accumulated metals and their tissue distribution in uncontaminated...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/07-232.1
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metal pollution has been increasing rapidly over the past century, and at the same time, the human population has continued to rise and produce contaminants that may negatively impact pollinators. Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) forage over large areas and can collect contaminants from the environment. The primary obje...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.3273
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The bioavailable arsenic (As) content of contaminated soils was determined by joint analyses of acid-soluble, total water-soluble, and biovailable As by using a luminescent bacterial sensor, Escherichia coli MC1061(pTOO31). According to the results of this study, a significant positive correlation was found between th...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The bioconcentration and elimination of avermectin B1 in sturgeon muscle were investigated with high-performance liquid chromatography. Mean concentrations of 0.2 and 1 ng x ml(-1) in water were maintained for a 22-d exposure period. The concentrations of avermectin B1alpha in muscle tissues reached steady state withi...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/03-480.1
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between the physiological state of fungi and the response of their functional system to metals is not known, limiting the use of fungal enzymes as tools for assessing metal ecotoxicity in terrestrial ecosystems. The present study attempts to establish how the development phases modulate the secretion ...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.101
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently it was discovered that the perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) detected in wildlife, such as fish-eating birds, had a greater proportion of linear PFOS (L-PFOS) than the manufactured technical product (T-PFOS), which contains linear and branched isomers. This suggests toxicological studies based on T-PFOS data m...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.700
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study of the ecotoxicity of different short aliphatic protic ionic liquids (PILs) on terrestrial organisms was conducted. Tests performed within the present study include those assessing the effects of PILs on soil microbial functions (carbon and nitrogen mineralization) and terrestrial plants. The results show that...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.683
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative mussel biomonitoring studies often use laboratory-measured whole-body elimination rate coefficients (k(tot) in conjunction with concentration data from field-deployed mussels to estimate bioavailable steady-state contaminant concentrations (C(m(ss)) in aquatic systems. However, the validity of applying la...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/08-115.1
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We evaluated the influence of waterborne and dietary lead (Pb) exposure on the acute and chronic toxicity of Pb to the amphipod Hyalella azteca. Test solutions were generated by a modified diluter with an extended (24-h) equilibration period. Acute (96-h) toxicity of Pb varied with water hardness in the range of 71 to...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/04-480r.1
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Current pesticide risk assessment does not specifically consider amphibians. Amphibians in the aquatic environment (aquatic life stages or postmetamorphic aquatic amphibians) and terrestrial living juvenile or adult amphibians are assumed to be covered by the risk assessment for aquatic invertebrates and fish, or mamm...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/etc.650
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The environmental prevalence of engineered nanomaterials, particularly nanoparticulate silver (AgNP), is expected to increase substantially. The ubiquitous use of commercial products containing AgNP may result in their release to the environment, and the potential for ecological effects is unknown. Detecting engineere...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.719
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence and accumulation of persistent contaminants at high latitudes from long-range transport is an important environmental issue. Atmospheric transport has been identified as the source of pollutants in several arctic ecosystems and has the potential to severely impact high-latitude populations. Elevated level...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/03-182
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Australia, the collection of estuarine invertebrates from the field for whole-sediment toxicity tests is hindered because of temporal variability in their population densities and distributions. The present study aimed to develop culturing procedures for Melita plumulosa (Zeidler), an epibenthic and intertidal, dep...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/04-409r1.1
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The internalized speciation of lead in roots and leaves of Sesbania drummondii, a lead hyperaccumulator, grown in lead nitrate solution was studied using x-ray absorption near-edge structure and extended x-ray absorption fine structure. Lead was predominantly present as lead acetate in both plant tissues. The other do...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/03-540
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Huge aggregations of flightless locust nymphs pose a serious threat to agriculture when they reach plague proportions but provide a very visible and nutritious resource for native birds. Locust outbreaks occur in spring and summer months in semiarid regions of Australia. Fenitrothion, an organophosphate pesticide, is ...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/05-585r.1
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Excess selenium (Se) in the aquatic food chain is embryotoxic and teratogenic to avocets, stilts, and other waterbirds. American avocet (Recurvirostra americana) and black-necked stilt (Himantopus mexicanus) eggs were collected from three sites in the Tulare Lake Basin of California, USA, and hatched in the laboratory...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Widespread use of pesticides often contaminates natural habitats, exposing nontarget organisms to pesticides that were designed to control pest populations. Even low levels of pesticides can affect aquatic communities both directly and indirectly. Previous work has shown that trace amounts of the pesticide chlorpyrifo...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.4240
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In some kinetic studies with aquatic invertebrates, the bioaccumulation of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been observed to peak at the beginning of the test. This has been explained by the depletion of PAHs from pore water due to limited desorption during the bioaccumulation test or, alternatively, by the activa...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/01-171.1
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:3-Methyl-4-nitrophenol (PNMC) is a component of diesel exhaust particles and one of the major breakdown products of the insecticide fenitrothion. This chemical has a high potential for reproductive toxicity in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) and rats. Because PNMC inhaled by the body is metabolized by uridine dipho...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/07-034R1.1
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lipid-lowering agents bezafibrate and clofibric acid, which occur at concentrations up to 3.1 and 1.6 microg/L, respectively, are among the most frequently found human pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. In contrast to knowledge about their environmental occurrence, little is known about their effects in t...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/09-087.1
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sediments are sinks for aquatic pollutants, and analyzing toxicity in such complex matrices is still challenging. To evaluate the toxicity of bioavailable pollutants accumulated in sediments from the Bizerte lagoon (Tunisia), a novel assay, the medaka embryo-larval assay by sediment contact, was applied. Japanese meda...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.3388
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Cache Slough complex is an area of tidal sloughs in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta of California (USA), and is surrounding by irrigated agricultural lands. Among the species of concern in the area is the delta smelt (Hypomesus transpacificus), a federally listed threatened species. Releases of the organoph...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.2512
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies have found a correlation between organophosphate (OP) pesticide exposure and declines in amphibian populations. We evaluated the hypothesis that this relationship is driven by behavioral changes in developing larvae. Specifically, we examined how exposure to a common OP pesticide, chlorpyrifos, influenc...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/05-522r.1
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Copper toxicity in different embryonic and larval stages of the common South American toad Rhinella arenarum was evaluated by means of continuous and 24-h pulse treatments in 12 different developmental stages. Lethal concentrations (LC) of 10, 50, and 90% of continuous treatment with Cu from early blastula (S.4), comp...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/etc.674
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We coupled intensive population monitoring with collection of blood samples from 383 nesting Pacific common eiders (Somateria mollisima v-nigrum) at two locations in Alaska (USA) from 2002 to 2004. We investigated annual, geographic, and within-season variation in blood concentrations of lead and selenium; compared ex...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/06-537r.1
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adsorption of organic compounds onto hard carbon constituents of soils and sediments may be described by a dual Langmuir-like equation for adsorption onto high-energy sites and low-energy sites. To describe quantitatively the sorbate-sorbent interactions on these high-energy sites and low-energy sites, Gibbs free ener...
journal_title：Environmental toxicology and chemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1897/06-218r.1
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
