Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:To examine whether niacin attenuates lung inflammation and improves survival during sepsis and to determine whether the beneficial effects of niacin are associated with downregulation of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB pathway. DESIGN:Prospective laboratory study. SETTING:University laboratory. SUBJECTS:Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 119). INTERVENTIONS:To induce endotoxemia in rats, lipopolysaccharide (Escherichia coli, O26:B6) at a dosage of 10 mg/kg was injected into a tail vein and 10 mins later, vehicle, a low dose of niacin (360 mg/kg), or a high dose of niacin (1180 mg/kg) was administered once through an orogastric tube, respectively. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:We observed the survival of the subjects for 72 hrs. At 6 hrs postlipopolysaccharide, we euthanized animals and measured cytoplasmic phosphorylated inhibitor κB-α and inhibitor κB-α expressions, nuclear NF-κB p65 expression, NF-κB p65 DNA-binding activity, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6 gene expressions and histologic damages in lung tissues. We also measured nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced glutathione, and malondialdehyde levels in lung tissues. High dose of niacin suppressed NF-κB activation and proinflammatory cytokine gene expressions in lung tissues, reduced histologic lung damages, and improved survival in endotoxemic rats. Furthermore, it increased nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and glutathione levels and decreased malondialdehyde level in lung tissues. CONCLUSIONS:High dose of niacin attenuated lung inflammation, reduced histologic lung damages, and improved survival during sepsis in rats. These therapeutic benefits were associated with downregulation of the NF-κB pathway.
journal_name
Crit Care Medjournal_title
Critical care medicineauthors
Kwon WY,Suh GJ,Kim KS,Kwak YHdoi
10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181feeae4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-02-01 00:00:00pages
328-34issue
2eissn
0090-3493issn
1530-0293journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of a helium-oxygen mixture on intubation rate and clinical outcomes during noninvasive ventilation in acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. DESIGN:Multicenter, prospective, randomized, controlled trial. SETTING:Seven intensive care units. PATIENTS:A total of 204 ...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181b78abe
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increased cardiac index, oxygen delivery (DO2), and oxygen consumption (VO2) patterns were shown to characterize the physiologic status of surviving high-risk surgical patients, and indicate increased metabolic needs; relatively normal DO2 and VO2 values were found to characterize the sequential pattern of n...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003246-199105000-00014
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the relative distribution of fluid within the extracellular fluid volume (ECFV) and the effect on oxygen delivery after infusing either normal saline or 5% albumin in cardiac surgical patients. DESIGN:Prospective, randomized, unblinded, interventional study. SETTING:Cardiac surgical intensive c...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00003246-200112000-00011
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To test whether intensive care unit (ICU) nasal screening for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) predicts the presence or absence of MRSA infections requiring antimicrobial treatment. DESIGN:A prospective cohort study. SETTING:Medical ICU at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, a 1252-bed urban teaching ...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181eeda3f
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe a case of hepatic subcapsular hematoma causing an acute Budd-Chiari-like syndrome, leading to hepatic compartment syndrome, which combines compression of intrahepatic vessels on CT, acute liver failure, and refractory shock. DESIGN:Case report. SETTING:Surgical ICU of a university teaching hospi...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000001403
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Despite having dysregulated iron metabolism, critically ill patients may receive exogenous iron for the treatment of anemia. Iron is associated with increased tissue apoptosis and may facilitate bacterial growth. We hypothesized that exogenous iron administration given after the onset of sepsis would lead to...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000124878.02614.4c
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the natural evolution of systemic oxygen delivery (Do2) and oxygen consumption (Vo2) in sheep infused with low or high doses of endotoxin. DESIGN:Prospective, controlled experimental study. SETTING:Animal research laboratory at a medical university. SUBJECTS:Twenty-nine chronically instrumented aw...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003246-200002000-00035
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Our goal was to demonstrate explicitly that lower-frequency positive-pressure ventilation not only preserves adequate oxygenation and acid-base status in hemorrhagic states, but also that "normal" or higher respiratory rates significantly compromise hemodynamics, even with moderate degrees of hemorrhage. DES...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000134264.88332.37
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This report examines the frequency, type, and prognostic factors of medical (nonneurologic) complications after subarachnoid hemorrhage in a large, prospective study. The influences of contemporary neurosurgical, neurological, and critical care practice on mortality and morbidity rates after aneurysmal subar...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00003246-199506000-00004
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine whether excessive alcohol consumption increases the risk for intensive care unit (ICU)-acquired bacterial infection, especially ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), in nontrauma patients. DESIGN:Prospective observational cohort study. SETTING:A 21-bed polyvalent ICU in a university hospital....
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/CCM.0b013e318174dd75
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The demand for intensive care beds far exceeds their availability in many European countries. Consequently, many critically ill patients occupy hospital beds outside intensive care units, throughout the hospital. The outcome of patients who fit intensive care unit admission criteria but are hospitalized in re...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000133021.22188.35
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:During cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), elimination of CO2 was shown to be limited by low tissue perfusion, especially when very low perfusion pressures were generated. It has therefore been suggested that sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), by producing CO2, might aggravate the hypercarbic component of the exi...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003246-199808000-00027
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data at ICU admission and after 24 h in the ICU were collected on 755 patients, to derive multiple logistic regression models for predicting hospital mortality. The derived models contained relatively few and easily obtained variables. The weight associated with each variable was determined objectively. There were sev...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003246-198507000-00001
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:: To determine the relationship between intra-abdominal sepsis-induced high mobility group-box 1 and diaphragm contractile performance and to determine the inhibitory effects of antibodies for high mobility group-box 1 and receptor for advanced glycation end-products on septic peritonitis-induced diaphragmat...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/CCM.0b013e3181a930f7
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We reviewed randomized trials of adult ICU patients of interventions hypothesized to reduce delirium burden to determine whether interventions that are more effective at reducing delirium duration are associated with a reduction in short-term mortality. DATA SOURCES:We searched CINHAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000000224
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Recent in vivo studies of both septic humans and animals demonstrate that leukocyte delivery is attenuated to sites remote from the primary infection. The mechanisms for this are not entirely clear. L-selectin is integral to rolling, the first step in leukocyte recruitment to an inflammatory site. L-selectin ...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003246-200101000-00024
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the ability of two methods--Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) and Mortality Prediction Model (MPM)--to predict hospital outcome for a large group of intensive care patients from Britain and Ireland. DESIGN:Prospective, multicenter, cohort study. SETTING:Twenty-six general...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1097/00003246-199409000-00007
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe three female patients of one family with different phenotypes of the same mutation of the ornithine transcarbamylase gene. X-linked inherited ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency is the most frequent urea cycle disorder. Many of the hemizygous males die during the neonatal period. Women, who are ...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003246-200201000-00035
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the cardiopulmonary and peripheral circulatory effects of the nonselective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) to the more selective inducible NOS inhibitor S-methylisothiourea (SMT) and to phenylephrine (PE) in endotoxic and normal swine. DESIGN:Prospec...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003246-200009000-00022
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare carbon dioxide-induced changes in cerebral oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin, measured by near-infrared spectroscopy, with those changes in jugular venous oxygen saturation in adult patients with acute brain disease. DESIGN:A prospective study. SETTING:The medical and surgical intensive care unit of a uni...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003246-199510000-00019
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the occurrence rate of complications and mortality in patients with severe asthma requiring endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. DESIGN:Retrospective review of medical records from September 1982 to July 1988. SETTING:Urban, teaching hospital serving primarily indigent patients. ...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003246-199311000-00023
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether continuous modes of renal replacement therapy result in improved cardiovascular stability compared with standard daily intermittent treatment in critically ill patients. DESIGN:Prospective, randomized controlled trial. SETTING:Intensive care unit in a quaternary referral center for live...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00003246-199303000-00007
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND METHODS:Calcium-channel blockers may attenuate vasospasm after transient ischemia and improve organ blood flow after resuscitation. Our aim was to assess the effect of diltiazem on systemic oxygen delivery and consumption, hemodynamics, electroencephalogram (EEG), and organ blood flow after restoration o...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00003246-199205000-00018
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intensive care unit (ICU) represents a hospital setting in which death and discussion about end-of-life care are common, yet these conversations are often difficult. Such difficulties arise, in part, because a family may be facing an unexpected poor prognosis associated with an acute illness or exacerbation and, i...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00003246-200102001-00006
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Foreign-body aspiration in adults is usually associated with asphyxiation after aspiration of food particles. The present report documents a case of foreign-body aspiration that resulted from poor tracheostomy care in an alcoholic patient, and caused fulminant pneumonitis. ...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003246-198408000-00020
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Cardiac surgery is frequently followed by postoperative delirium, which is associated with increased 1-year mortality, late cognitive deficits, and higher costs. Currently, there are no recommendations for pharmacologic prevention of postoperative delirium. Impaired cholinergic transmission is believed to pla...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/CCM.0b013e31819da780
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To quantify glucose balance related to continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration (CAVH) when a glucose-rich replacement fluid is used for the plasma ultrafiltrate removed. DESIGN:Prospective, nonintervention study. SETTING:Medical/surgical and cardiac surgical intensive care units of a university hospital. P...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003246-199308000-00014
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Venovenous extracorporeal gas exchange is increasingly used in awake, spontaneously breathing patients as a bridge to lung transplantation. Limited data are available on a similar use of extracorporeal gas exchange in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. The aim of this study was to investigate...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/CCM.0000000000000121
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiac arrest is most commonly encountered as the end result of severe derangements in metabolic homeostasis. These derangements may include toxic, ischemic, or electrophysiological causes of circulatory and/or respiratory arrests. Occasionally, mechanical obstruction or impediment to circulation may cause cardiac ar...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003246-198203000-00013
更新日期:1982-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clonidine may be a source of serious toxicity when ingested by toddlers. We describe 11 cases of clonidine ingestion by toddlers (mean dose 0.15 mg/kg; range 0.01 to 0.57). The source of the clonidine was a grand-parent in six of 11 cases. Symptoms included altered level of consciousness (n = 11), miosis (n = 5), brad...
journal_title:Critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00003246-199010000-00014
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00