Abstract：
PURPOSE:To investigate the effect of γ-irradiation of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/Al(OH)₃/0 or 5 wt% diethyl phthalate (DEP) microspheres for active self-healing encapsulation of vaccine antigens. METHODS:Microspheres were irradiated with ⁶⁰Co at 2.5 and 1.8 MRad and 0.37 and 0.20 MRad/h. Encapsulation of tetanus toxoid (TT) was achieved by mixing Al(OH)₃-PLGA microspheres with TT solution at 10-38°C. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to examine free radical formation. Glass transition temperature (T(g)) and molecular weight of PLGA was measured by differential scanning calorimetry and gel permeation chromatography, respectively. Loading and release of TT were examined by modified Bradford, amino acid analysis, and ELISA assays. RESULTS:EPR spectroscopy results indicated absence of free radicals in PLGA microspheres after γ-irradiation. Antigen-sorbing capacity, encapsulation efficiency, and T(g) of the polymer were also not adversely affected. When DEP-loaded microspheres were irradiated at 0.2 MRad/h, some PLGA pores healed during irradiation and PLGA healing during encapsulation was suppressed. The molecular weight of PLGA was slightly reduced when DEP-loaded microspheres were irradiated at the same dose rate. At the 0.37 MRad/h dose rate, these trends were not observed and the full immunoreactivity of TT was preserved during encapsulation and 1-month release. Gamma irradiation slightly increased TT initial burst release. The small increase in total irradiation dose from 1.8 to 2.5 MRad had insignificant effect on the polymer and microspheres properties analyzed. CONCLUSIONS:Gamma irradiation is a plausible approach to provide a terminally sterilized, self-healing encapsulation PLGA excipient for vaccine delivery.
journal_name
Pharm Resjournal_title
Pharmaceutical researchauthors
Desai KG,Kadous S,Schwendeman SPdoi
10.1007/s11095-013-1019-2subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-07-01 00:00:00pages
1768-78issue
7eissn
0724-8741issn
1573-904Xjournal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:To examine the iontophoretic delivery of ALA as a function of pH and to determine the principal mechanisms responsible for its electrotransport. METHODS:Anodal iontophoretic transport of ALA was measured as a function of its concentration and pH of the donor solution. Experiments were performed in vitro using ...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1011050829531
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate if gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) tolerance is mediated by alterations in GHB systemic pharmacokinetics, transport (blood brain barrier (BBB) and neuronal) or membrane fluidity. MATERIALS AND METHODS:GHB tolerance in rats was attained by repeated GHB administration (5.31 mmol/kg, s.c., QD for 5 day...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-006-9066-6
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A sensitive activity assay for high volume evaluation of human renin inhibitory peptides (RIPs) in rat sera (range 2-80 ng/ml) was developed based on the low affinity of RIPs to rat renin and their high affinity to human renin. The utility of this activity assay was tested by measuring concentrations of a human RIP, U...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1015883709275
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One thousand milligrams of aspirin, as its lysine salt was administered intravenously, orally, and intramuscularly to nine male and nine female young healthy adult volunteers. After intravenous injection mean (+/- SD) values of clearance, steady-state volume of distribution, and terminal half-life were 12.2 +/- 2.2 ml...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1015978104017
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate micronized powder retention and detachment from inhaler surfaces following reproducible deposition by impaction, coupled with centrifugal particle detachment (CPD). METHODS:Micronized albuterol sulfate (AS) and beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) were aerosolized as dry powders and deposited by casca...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1014451203619
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Herein we report the discovery of a group of derivatized alpha-amino acids that increase the oral bioavailability of sodium cromolyn. METHODS:We prepared three N-acylated alpha-amino acids and used these compounds to demonstrate the oral delivery of cromolyn in an in vivo rat model. In vitro experiments, inclu...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1016034913181
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To develop an efficient tumor vasculature-targeted polymeric micelle delivery system for combretastatin A4 (CA4), a novel antivascular agent. METHODS:CA4-loaded micelles were prepared from poly (ethylene glycol)-b-poly (d, l-lactide) copolymers. RGD peptides that target integrins alphavbeta3 and alphavbeta5, m...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-010-0184-9
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanism of release from sustained-release adinazolam mesylate tablets was assessed by the Higuchi equation and by analysis of drug release profiles through 60% released using the Peppas equation. Computed values of the diffusional exponent, n, ranged from 0.59 to 0.66. Values of n in this range are consistent wi...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1015834114359
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transepithelial transport of arginine vasopressin (AVP) across cultured rat alveolar epithelial cell monolayers was studied. At 0.1 nM donor [125I]AVP, the radiolabel flux measured in the apical-to-basolateral (AB) direction was about 10 times greater than that in the reverse (BA) direction. HPLC analyses of the b...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1018918022865
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate in vitro if P-glycoprotein (P-gp) transport can differentiate between antibiotic drugs exhibiting increased active renal clearance (CL(r)) in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients (i.e., dicloxacillin, trimethoprim) and drugs that do not exhibit this phenomenon (i.e.. cefsulodin, sulfamethoxazole). METH...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1015191511817
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate whether conjunctival epithelial cells express transport processes for opioid peptides. METHODS:We monitored the uptake of [(3)H]deltorphin II and [(3)H]DADLE, two hydrolysis-resistant synthetic opioid peptides, in the rabbit conjunctival epithelial cell line CJVE and elucidated the characteristi...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-008-9709-x
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the moisture-induced aggregation (i.e., a loss of solubility in water) of DNA in a solid state and to develop rational strategies for its prevention. METHODS:Lyophilized calf thymus DNA was exposed to relative humidity (RH) levels from 11% to 96% at 55 degrees C. Following a 24-h incubation unde...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-006-9138-7
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prinomide tromethamine, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug, was orally administered at doses of 250, 500, and 1000 mg every 12 hr for 28 days to healthy male volunteers. The pharmacokinetic behavior of prinomide and its primary plasma metabolite displayed nonlinear characteristics, while those of free prinomide and ...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1018916811904
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of tertiary amine-containing basic drugs on the enzymes located in the mitochondria and the effect of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) on drug accumulation in lung mitochondria have been studied. Various basic drugs inhibited MAO activity but not other mitochondrial marker enzymes. The potency of MAO i...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1015964623098
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-019-2752-y
更新日期：2020-01-06 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To elucidate the apical and basolateral components of the total unstirred water layer in regular permeability experiment. METHODS:A novel stirring apparatus was constructed to remove the basolateral unstirred water layer. Caco-2 cells were used as the permeability barrier both in Transwell-type and side-by-sid...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-008-9573-8
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To describe a computational tool to calculate molecular descriptors of potential application in ADME virtual screening of antitumor Pt(II) drug candidates. METHODS:The multistep computational procedure consists in (a) building and optimization (PM3) of the 3D structures of the investigated complexes, (b) param...
journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-010-0317-1
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-007-9236-1
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:At elevated temperatures, the rate of drug release and skin permeation from transdermal delivery systems (TDS) may be higher than at a normal skin temperature. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of heat on the transdermal delivery of two model drugs, nicotine and fentanyl, from matrix-type TDSs wit...
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doi：10.1007/s11095-017-2189-0
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1023/a:1018947430018
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11095-008-9619-y
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
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更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
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更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
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更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Pharmaceutical research
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
