Abstract：
BACKGROUND:The human microbiome may influence prostate cancer initiation and/or progression through both direct and indirect interactions. To date, the majority of studies have focused on direct interactions including the influence of prostate infections on prostate cancer risk and, more recently, on the composition of the urinary microbiome in relation to prostate cancer. Less well understood are indirect interactions of the microbiome with prostate cancer, such as the influence of the gastrointestinal or oral microbiota on pro- or anti-carcinogenic xenobiotic metabolism, and treatment response. METHODS:We review the literature to date on direct and indirect interactions of the microbiome with prostate inflammation and prostate cancer. RESULTS:Emerging studies indicate that the microbiome can influence prostate inflammation in relation to benign prostate conditions such as prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and benign prostatic hyperplasia, as well as in prostate cancer. We provide evidence that the human microbiome present at multiple anatomic sites (urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, oral cavity, etc.) may play an important role in prostate health and disease. CONCLUSIONS:In health, the microbiome encourages homeostasis and helps educate the immune system. In dysbiosis, a systemic inflammatory state may be induced, predisposing remote anatomical sites to disease, including cancer. The microbiome's ability to affect systemic hormone levels may also be important, particularly in a disease such as prostate cancer that is dually affected by estrogen and androgen levels. Due to the complexity of the potential interconnectedness between prostate cancer and the microbiome, it is vital to further explore and understand the relationships that are involved.
journal_name
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Disjournal_title
Prostate cancer and prostatic diseasesauthors
Porter CM,Shrestha E,Peiffer LB,Sfanos KSdoi
10.1038/s41391-018-0041-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-09-01 00:00:00pages
345-354issue
3eissn
1365-7852issn
1476-5608pii
10.1038/s41391-018-0041-1journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:In men with high Gleason PC and rapid PSA progression after surgery, failure rates remain unacceptably high despite salvage radiation. We explored a novel multimodality approach of docetaxel with anti-angiogenic therapy before salvage radiotherapy (RT). METHODS:This was a phase 2 single-arm prospective open...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/pcan.2015.59
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the efficacy of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) for improving cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in patients awaiting resection for urological malignancy within four weeks. SUBJECTS/PATIENTS AND METHODS:A randomised control trial of consecutive patients aged (>65 years) scheduled for major ur...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41391-020-0219-1
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The value of radical prostatectomy (RP) as an approach for very high-risk prostate cancer (PCa) patients is controversial. To examine the risk of 10-year cancer-specific mortality (CSM) and other-cause mortality (OCM) according to clinical and pathological characteristics of very high-risk cT3b/4 PCa patient...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1038/pcan.2014.41
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Certain patients presenting with either low or very-low-risk prostate cancer (PCa) can represent a therapeutic dilemma for physicians. The oncologic outcomes of active surveillance (AS) for men with very-low-risk PCa are overall excellent. However, there are concerns about AS related to the potential for upg...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/pcan.2016.56
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We conducted a study in order to characterize changes after withdrawal of androgen ablation (AA) for prostate cancer. AA was withdrawn in 38 Japanese patients with prostate cancer who had undergone this therapy for various periods. Patients were stratified into those who had undergone AA for less than 24 months (Group...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.pcan.4500675
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to identify the early predictor of survival for prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis. We reviewed 87 prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis who had received primary androgen deprivation therapy (PADT) at our institution. The medical records of the patients were examined wi...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/pcan.2011.14
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp-27) encoded by gene HSPB1 is a critical regulator of the behavioral phenotype of human prostate cancer (PCa) cells, enhanced expression being associated with highly aggressive disease and poor clinical outcome. In contrast, the protein is not expressed in PCas of low malignant pote...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/pcan.2012.47
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Several randomized control trials (RCTs) have showed that adding either abiraterone acetate (AA) or docetaxel (D) to androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) improves survival of metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer patients (mCSPC). Yet, the cost-effectiveness of these treatment options has not been fu...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41391-019-0161-2
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Androgen deprivation therapy improves survival of patients with prostate cancer and leads to hypogonadal state. Gonadal hormones are essential for skeletal integrity and hypogonadism constitutes a major risk factor for osteoporosis. To examine the bone loss secondary to androgen deprivation therapy, we reviewed the bo...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.pcan.4500846
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Skeletal morbidity secondary to metastases and osteoporosis is common in patients with advanced prostate cancer. Despite the typically sclerotic nature of prostate cancer metastases, osteoclast mediated osteolysis may play a significant role. This review addresses the newly recognised antitumour effects of bisphosphon...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.pcan.4500607
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Preclinical studies showing that pomegranate juice and its components inhibit prostate cancer led to multiple clinical trials to determine whether pomegranate products could slow the growth of prostate cancer. This review summarizes the preclinical data and discusses the results of the clinical trials. METH...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/pcan.2017.19
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As earlier detection of prostate cancer increases because of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing, appropriate use for watchful waiting warrants re-evaluation. We have drawn together the significant watchful waiting literature and used it to evaluate the use of watchful waiting in the PSA era. We conducted literatu...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.pcan.4500857
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients with bone metastases secondary to prostate cancer are predisposed to skeletal-related events (SREs), including spinal cord compression, pathological fracture, surgery to bone and radiotherapy to bone. The objective of this study was to document current patterns of healthcare utilization and costs of...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/pcan.2012.42
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An increased molecular understanding of localized prostate cancer and the improved ability for molecular testing of pathologic tissue has led to the development of multiple clinical assays. Here we review the relevant molecular biology of localized prostate cancer, currently available tissue-based tests and describe w...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/pcan.2015.31
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To describe practice patterns of primary care physicians (PCPs) for the diagnosis, treatment and management of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), we surveyed 556 PCPs in Boston, Chicago, and Los Angeles (RR=52%). Only 62% reported ever seeing a patient like the one described in the vignette. I...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/pcan.2009.9
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Men with diabetes mellitus are less likely to be diagnosed with prostate cancer (PCa). As diabetic men have lower serum PSA, it is unclear if this is due to lower PCa incidence or reflects detection bias from fewer PSA-triggered biopsies. To account for differential biopsy rates, we used multivariate regression to exa...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/pcan.2011.28
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To survey UK urologists and radiation oncologists in the evaluation and treatment of localised prostate cancer in the adjuvant and salvage setting. METHODS:Postal questionnaires were mailed to 292 urologists and 98 radiation oncologists in the UK. RESULTS:In all, 188 (48%) questionnaires were returned. In t...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.pcan.4500816
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Several treatment options for clinically localized prostate cancer currently exist under the established guidelines. We aim to assess nationally representative trends in treatment over time and determine potential geographic variation using two large national claims registries. METHODS:Men with prostate can...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/pcan.2015.3
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this paper is to review the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins, a recently discovered group of caspase inhibitors. We will briefly review the relevance of apoptosis in prostate cancer and some of the control mechanisms, before describing the structure, function and regulation of these molecules. Lastly, we wi...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.pcan.4500502
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of the present study was to perform a BPH risk factor analysis in men, relating the prostate gland volume to components of the metabolic syndrome and to identify clues to the etiology of BPH. Our material comprised a consecutive series of 158 patients with lower urinary tract symptoms with or without manif...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.pcan.4500221
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With growing number of older adults in the United States and complexity of issues related to Medicare and other insurances more research is needed to evaluate an effectiveness of the different insurance types in prevention, screening and treatment of cancer. With prostate cancer being highly prevalent disease in older...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.pcan.4501015
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been suggested that in multifocal prostate cancer (PCa), focal therapy to the largest (index) lesion is sufficient, because secondary non-index lesions are unlikely to contribute to disease progression. In this study, the role of PCa focality in selecting men for focal therapy was evaluated. A histopathological...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/pcan.2010.16
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Several randomized controlled trials assessed the outcomes of patients treated with neoadjuvant hormonal therapy (NHT) before radical prostatectomy (RP). The majority of them included mainly low and intermediate risk prostate cancer (PCa) without specifically assessing PCa-related death (PCRD). Thus, there i...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/pcan.2017.29
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study provides further insights into those preoperative parameters that predict side-specific risk of pathological stage in men undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). The transrectal ultrasound-guided tissue biopsy cores obtained from the right and left sides of the prostate were collected in separate jars and ex...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/pcan.2009.2
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In light of the growing interest in the concept of 'uroselectivity' and in the increased worldwide use of alpha-blockers for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), this review evaluates the relative benefits of various alpha-blocking agents in the treatment of BPH. The pharmacological and physiological selectivity as wel...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.pcan.4500302
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The TGFBR1*6A (*6A) variant in exon 1 of the TGFBR1 gene has been postulated as a putative tumor susceptibility allele in several studies. We have performed a case-control study in 537 men with histologically verified prostate cancer and in 488 unrelated controls to investigate the association of *6A with prostate can...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.pcan.4500765
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to evaluate how serum testosterone level (T) can affect urinary continence and erectile function in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). We included 257 patients with clinically localized prostate cancer, those who had filled out preoperative quality of life questionnaires (...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/pcan.2010.4
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of 212 prostate specimens of men dead between August 2002-August 2004, have been sectioned in consecutive autopsies and subjected to whole mount analysis in purpose to determine the epidemiology of impalpable prostate cancer in Greece. Impalpable prostate carcinomas were found in 40 cases (18.8%) most in the ...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.pcan.4500847
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Oral antiandrogen therapies are predominantly used in older men, but real-life studies evaluating the impact of age on pharmacokinetic exposure are lacking. This study aims to evaluate the impact of age on the pharmacokinetic profiles of abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide in clinical practice. PATIENTS AN...
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41391-018-0096-z
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of neoadjuvant androgen deprivation (NAD) in high-risk prostate cancer patients receiving high-dose radiotherapy (RT) remains unstudied. To evaluate the effect of a course of NAD, we reviewed the experiences of three institutions treating these patients with combined RT and high-dose rate brachytherapy (HDR)....
journal_title：Prostate cancer and prostatic diseases
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1038/sj.pcan.4500882
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
