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Associations between patient symptoms and falls in an acute care hospital: A cross-sectional study.

Abstract：

AIM AND OBJECTIVES:To describe associations between patient fall risk and common symptoms among hospitalised inpatients. BACKGROUND:Predictors of falls have been identified in a variety of populations and settings, but the role of inpatients' symptom experience has not been adequately evaluated. DESIGN:Cross-sectional. METHODS:Participants included 614 medical and elective surgical patients in an acute hospital in Norway. Patient falls during hospitalisation were assessed by self-report and incident reports. Pain intensity and the occurrence and distress of 15 other symptoms were assessed by self-report. RESULTS:Patient falls were associated with male sex and having more comorbidities. Medical patients were more likely to fall than elective surgical patients. In logistic regression analyses, higher symptom counts were associated with increased risk of fall, with each additional symptom conferring a 15% increase in fall risk. Symptom distress related to concentration difficulties, lack of energy, sleep problems, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea was associated with increased risk of fall, even after adjusting for the influence of age, sex and comorbidities (odds ratios ranged 2.3-4.8). Severe pain, as well as symptom distress related to drowsiness, itching, dizziness or swelling of arms/legs, was also associated with patient falls, although these associations were attenuated after accounting for age, sex and comorbidities. Overall, symptom distress was more strongly associated with fall risk than symptom occurrence. CONCLUSIONS:Symptom burden and distress may help identify hospital patients at risk for fall. Additional research is needed to determine whether symptoms are useful for assessing fall risk among hospital patients and other high-risk populations. If symptoms are useful indicators of fall risk, they should be considered for inclusion in standardised risk assessments. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE:Clinicians ought to pay particular attention to increased fall risk among patients reporting many symptoms and those experiencing distress from concentration difficulties, fatigue, sleep problems, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea.

journal_name

J Clin Nurs

journal_title

Journal of clinical nursing

authors

Lerdal A,Sigurdsen LW,Hammerstad H,Granheim TI,Risk Study Research Group.,Gay CL

doi

10.1111/jocn.14364

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2018-05-01 00:00:00

pages

1826-1835

issue

9-10

eissn

0962-1067

issn

1365-2702

journal_volume

pub_type

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Associations between patient symptoms and falls in an acute care hospital: A cross-sectional study.