Abstract:
:Deprivation of patterned vision of frontal eyed mammals early in postnatal life alters structural and functional attributes of neurones in the central visual pathways, and can produce severe impairments of the vision of the deprived eye that resemble the visual loss observed in human amblyopia. A traditional approach to treatment of amblyopia has been the occlusion of the stronger fellow eye in order to force use of the weaker eye and thereby strengthen its connections in the visual cortex. Although this monocular treatment strategy can be effective at promoting recovery of visual acuity of the amblyopic eye, such binocular visual functions as stereoscopic vision often remain impaired due in part to the lack of concordant vision during the period of unilateral occlusion. The recent development of binocular approaches for treatment of amblyopia that improve the possibility for binocular interaction have achieved success in promoting visual recovery. The full and rapid recovery of visual acuity observed in amblyopic kittens placed in complete darkness is an example of a binocular treatment whose success may in part derive from a restored balance of visually-driven neural activity. In the current study we examined as an alternative to dark rearing the efficacy of binocular lid suture (BLS) to stimulate anatomical and visual recovery from a preceding amblyogenic period of monocular deprivation. In the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) of monocularly deprived kittens, darkness or BLS for 10days produced a complete recovery of neurone soma size within initially deprived layers. The growth of neurone somata within initially deprived dLGN layers after darkness or BLS was accompanied by an increase in neurotrophin-4/5 labeling within these layers. Although anatomical recovery was observed in both recovery conditions, BLS failed to promote any improvement of the visual acuity of the deprived eye no matter whether it followed immediately or was delayed with respect to the prior period of monocular deprivation. Notwithstanding the lack of visual recovery with BLS, all animals in the BLS condition that were subsequently placed in darkness exhibited a substantial recovery of visual acuity in the amblyopic eye. We conclude that the balanced binocular visual input provided by BLS does not stimulate the collection of neural events necessary to support recovery from amblyopia. The complete absence of visually-driven activity that occurs with dark rearing evidently plays an important role in the recovery process.
journal_name
Vision Resjournal_title
Vision researchauthors
Duffy KR,Bukhamseen DH,Smithen MJ,Mitchell DEdoi
10.1016/j.visres.2014.12.012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-09-01 00:00:00pages
151-60eissn
0042-6989issn
1878-5646pii
S0042-6989(14)00326-5journal_volume
114pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VISION RESEARCH文献大全abstract::Edges are key points of information in visual scenes. One important class of models supposes that edges correspond to the steepest parts of the luminance profile, implying that they can be found as peaks and troughs in the response of a gradient (1st derivative) filter, or as zero-crossings in the 2nd derivative (ZCs)...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.04.026
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In all mammals, the mitochondria of the cones of the retina are concentrated in the inner segment. Uniquely in tree-shrews (Tupaia, Scandentia, Mammalia), a "megamitochondrion" exhibiting highly specialized systems of densely packed cristae and a very electron dense matrix, is located apically in the inner segment. Th...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(96)00199-x
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The characteristics of the neural generator producing an evoked potential in response to the brief presentation of a vernier offset was investigated in three experiments. In the first study, averaged evoked potentials (EPs) recorded in response to a single vernier offset stimulus consisting of a horizontal line which ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(86)90187-2
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To gain new insight into the effects of monocular deprivation, we studied the visual cortex of adult cats deprived of vision in one eye. Local field potentials were recorded in response to contrast reversal of square-wave gratings modulated in time either by pseudorandom, m-sequences or periodically. We have found tha...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00158-2
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following an extensive single subject pilot study 12 Ss viewed a continuously cycling (3 Hz), two stimulus, apparent motion (AM) display. The "AM breakdown effect" was utilised to gather visual evoked potentials (VEPs) from sites O1, O2, T5, T6, P3, and P4 during periods in which the display elicited either: the perce...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90073-9
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Induced motion, the apparent motion of an object when a nearby object moves, has been shown to occur in a variety of different conditions, including motion in depth. Here we explore whether similar patterns of induced motion result from induction in a lateral direction (frontoparallel motion) or induction in depth. We...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2007.11.018
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study demonstrates that an object embedded in an array of identical objects can pop-out. Dependent on the stimuli preceding the search display, local (chromatic) adaptation causes an identical object to pop-out because it appears to have a colour (Expt 1) or brightness (Expt 2) that is slightly different f...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90113-b
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three experiments were performed to verify O'Regan's (1979) [Perception & Psychophysics, 25 (6), 501-509] finding that in reading, the eye moves further forward when going towards the word 'THE' than when going towards a three-letter verb. The experiments were performed in French instead of English, and compared the p...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00089-4
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flickering lights can be uncomfortable to look at and can induce seizures in observers with photosensitive epilepsy. However, the temporal characteristics contributing to these effects are not fully known. In the spatial domain, one identified source of visual discomfort is when images have Fourier amplitude spectra t...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2017.05.015
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spectral sensitivity of single units in the torus semicircularis (TS) of small (< 30 g) and large (> 60 g) juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, was investigated. All examined units (n = 39) showed inputs from the long and medium cone mechanisms. In addition, a majority of units (28 of 39) in both size grou...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(94)90140-6
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perceptual learning is often interpreted as learning of fine stimulus templates. However, we have proposed that perceptual learning is more than template learning, in that more abstract statistical rules may have been learned, so that learning can transfer to stimuli at different precisions. Here we provide new eviden...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2019.01.007
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We measured the temporal summation properties of paired flashes to investigate the temporal responses of the chromatic channel in peripheral vision in comparison with those of the luminance channel. The size of the stimulus was scaled according to the cortical magnification factor. The temporal response was biphasic t...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.01.013
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have indicated that peripheral resolution for achromatic gratings is sampling limited and directly related to the density of the underlying midget ganglion cell population. Previous studies by the authors have shown that peripheral resolution for blue-cone isolating gratings is also sampling limited, ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(02)00411-x
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retinotopic encoding is preserved in primate visual cortex. However, several physiological and psychophysical studies have revealed that visual processes can be disengaged from retinotopic coordinates. We examined whether this non-retinotopic processing is common to humans and pigeons, two visually dominant vertebrate...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2014.08.007
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A technique of multi-input systems analysis is used to explore the field topography of ERG responses to local luminance modulation. Variations in amplitude and wave form are studied within the central 23 degrees. Outside the fovea, the amplitude appears to follow a simple power law rx as a function of eccentricity r w...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(92)90235-b
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Steady-state pupil diameter was measured in darkness and over a 9 log unit range of Ganzfeld illumination in 20 normal adults, 28 normal infants, 59 adults with retinitis pigmentosa, and 30 children at risk for retinitis pigmentosa. Pupil threshold was defined as the retinal illuminance necessary to decrease pupil dia...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(87)90034-4
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An intensive nonlinearity in the visual system can produce distortion products, or difference frequency gratings, when observers view two high contrast, high spatial frequency interference fringes of slightly different frequency or orientation added together at the retina. These distortion products are visible even wh...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(92)90144-8
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a model for recovering the direction of heading of an observer who is moving relative to a scene that may contain self-moving objects. The model builds upon an algorithm proposed by Rieger and Lawton, based on earlier work by Longuet-Higgins and Prazdny. The algorithm uses velocity differences computed in r...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(92)90020-j
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::(-)[3H]Noradrenaline and [3H]clonidine bind in a saturable fashion to membrane preparations of bovine retinas. The dissociation constant for (-)[3H]noradrenaline is about 26 nM and for [3H]clonidine approximately 11.7 nM. The degree of (-)[3H]noradrenaline and [3H]clonidine binding associated with subcellular fraction...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(82)90230-9
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::How is a single visual direction assigned to a binocular feature for which the left and right eyes are signaling different directions? According to geometrical principles, binocular visual direction is the average of the visual directions measured from the left and right eyes. Contrary to this prediction, we have foun...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(95)00095-h
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::After viewing directional motion, one is likely to perceive a subsequently presented directionally ambiguous motion as being in the same direction as the prior motion. The perceptual bias towards the most recent percept gradually develops as the interval between the prior stimulus and a subsequent test becomes longer....
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2007.06.016
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The retinae of two species of teleosts, the rippled blenny Istiblennius edentulus and the blue tusk fish Choerodon albigena are examined in wholemount. The retinal topography of Nissl-stained cells within the ganglion cell layer in each species reveals a temporal (4.32 x 10(4) cells per mm2) and a nasal (3.83 x 10(4) ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90089-8
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A considerable body of evidence suggests the existence of a two-stage mechanism for the detection of global motion. In the first stage the motion of elongated contours is extracted and then at the second stage these one-dimensional (1D) motion signals are combined. What is the nature of the computation carried out in ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90045-x
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association between perceived visual direction and retinal location has been considered to be specified at birth and unmodifiable. We found that small changes occurred in the visual direction associated with a peripheral retinal location when the amplitudes of saccadic eye movements to a target imaged at that loca...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(88)90161-7
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compare improvement through training in vernier acuity under different feedback conditions in order to clarify the role of feedback during learning of a perceptual task and to test different (neural network) models of perceptual learning. Improvement of performance is measured in 49 observers under feedback, no fee...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00043-6
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Discrimination between a figure and its surround is an important first step of pattern recognition. This discrimination usually relies, as a first step, on the detection of borders between a figure and its surround, for example based on spatial gradients in luminance, colour, or texture. There is evidence that neurone...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(02)00265-1
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to judge the separation between two target lines deteriorates as the base separation increases. Several lines of evidence suggest that this may be due to larger base separations being processed by mechanisms that cover larger areas and which have a greater associated positional uncertainty as a consequence...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(94)90206-2
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous psychophysical studies have revealed that shape similarity can affect apparent motion correspondence. Such results however, do not specify the level of representation, at which shape similarity is defined. We sought to understand this question by using a 2 x 2 competitive apparent motion paradigm. We manipula...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(94)90322-0
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Attending to a feature (e.g., color or motion direction) can enhance the early visual processing of that feature. However, it is not known whether one can simultaneously enhance multiple features. We examined people's ability to attend to multiple features in a feature cueing paradigm. Each trial contained two interva...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2012.09.001
更新日期:2013-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::Humans are very sensitive to the presence of other living persons or animals in their surrounding. Human actions can readily be perceived, even in a noisy environment. We recently demonstrated that biological motion, which schematically represents human motion, influences smooth pursuit eye movements during the initia...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2010.08.009
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00