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Multiple factors influencing the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism detected by neonatal screening.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND/AIMS:Over the years a rise in the incidence of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) has been described worldwide. The aim of our study was to investigate trends in the incidence of CH in Italy over the period 1987-2008, and to investigate which factors may have influenced the CH incidence in our country. METHODS:Data were derived from the Italian National Registry of Infants with Congenital Hypothyroidism. Since 1998 the laboratory procedures related to neonatal screening for CH have changed drastically. Accordingly, we estimated the CH incidence during the period 1987-1998 (period 1) and the period 1999-2008 (period 2). RESULTS:The incidence of CH confirmed at birth (including transient hypothyroidism) has increased from 1:3,000 liveborn infants in period 1 to 1:1,940 in period 2 (+54%), whereas the incidence of purely permanent CH increased from 1:3,200 to 1:2,320 (+38%). Lowering of the TSH cutoff was the most important factor contributing to the increase of CH incidence in Italy. Moreover, an increment of 58% of preterm babies with permanent CH was found in period 2 compared with period 1. CONCLUSION:Our results suggest that more than one cause is responsible for the rise in the increasing CH incidence, with lowering of the screening TSH cutoff and an increased survival rate of a growing number of preterm babies both playing an important role.

journal_name

Horm Res Paediatr

journal_title

Hormone research in paediatrics

authors

Olivieri A,Fazzini C,Medda E,Italian Study Group for Congenital Hypothyroidism.

doi

10.1159/000369394

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-01-01 00:00:00

pages

86-93

issue

2

eissn

1663-2818

issn

1663-2826

pii

000369394

journal_volume

83

pub_type

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