Abstract:
:OBJECTIVE To review studies on the readability of package leaflets of medicinal products for human use. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature review between 2008 and 2013 using the keywords "Readability and Package Leaflet" and "Readability and Package Insert" in the academic search engine Biblioteca do Conhecimento Online, comprising different bibliographic resources/databases. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses criteria were applied to prepare the draft of the report. Quantitative and qualitative original studies were included. Opinion or review studies not written in English, Portuguese, Italian, French, or Spanish were excluded. RESULTS We identified 202 studies, of which 180 were excluded and 22 were enrolled [two enrolling healthcare professionals, 10 enrolling other type of participants (including patients), three focused on adverse reactions, and 7 descriptive studies]. The package leaflets presented various readability problems, such as complex and difficult to understand texts, small font size, or few illustrations. The main methods to assess the readability of the package leaflet were usability tests or legibility formulae. Limitations with these methods included reduced number of participants; lack of readability formulas specifically validated for specific languages (e.g., Portuguese); and absence of an assessment on patients literacy, health knowledge, cognitive skills, levels of satisfaction, and opinions. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the package leaflets presented various readability problems. In this review, some methodological limitations were identified, including the participation of a limited number of patients and healthcare professionals, the absence of prior assessments of participant literacy, humor or sense of satisfaction, or the predominance of studies not based on role-plays about the use of medicines. These limitations should be avoided in future studies and be considered when interpreting the results.
journal_name
Rev Saude Publicajournal_title
Revista de saude publicaauthors
Pires C,Vigário M,Cavaco Adoi
10.1590/s0034-8910.2015049005559subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-01-01 00:00:00pages
4eissn
0034-8910issn
1518-8787pii
S0034-89102015000100401journal_volume
49pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Many countries have acknowledged that vaccination programs call for a mastery of technical and organizational elements if they are to become accessible to the population. One of these elements has been greatly underestimated: the participation of populations and their motivations. Experiences in several countries are ...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1590/s0034-89101997000300015
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyze Estratégia de Saúde da Família (Family Health Strategy) professionals' perception of complementary and integrative therapies. METHODS:A study with 177 doctors and nurses was conducted in 2008, based on a self-administered questionnaire. The outcome variables were "interest in complementary and int...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102011005000002
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Intimate partner abuse is a complex phenomenon and a public health problem and health care services are one of the places sought by women in this situation. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of violence against women attending a health care center. METHODS:This study was carried out in...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102006000500008
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyze geographic access to hospital childbirth in Brazilian municipalities. METHODS:Information on deaths and births were analyzed in regards to appropriateness for calculating the infant mortality rate during the period 2005 to 2007, for the 5,564 Brazilian municipalities. Indicators of supply and geog...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102012005000003
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyze serological data collected in two different periods, from the late 1960's to 1983, when these data was first added to the available information about vector triatomines found in the state of São Paulo, and from 1984 to 1999, a period when serology was used to describe endemic Chagas' disease in the...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102003000100009
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the prevalence of several health behaviors among students of public and private schools in S. Paulo, Brazil. METHODS:An epidemiological survey about health behaviors among high school students was carried out in S. Paulo in 1998. Seventh to eleventh graders from ten public and seven private sc...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102000000600012
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Results obtained with Anopheles albitarsis s.l. catches mainly performed through human bait at the Ribeira Valley region, SP (Brazil), are reported. Two species of the complex were recognized, namely An. albitarsis s.s. and species B. This latter predominated both in the rice fields and in the dwelling environments. T...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89101996000400002
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess inpatient mortality rate of very-low-birth-weight neonates, their clinical progression and factors associated with mortality. METHODS:Longitudinal study including 360 neonates weighing 500-1500 g who were born in Londrina, Southern Brazil, from January 1, 2002 to June 30, 2004. Data were collected ...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102007000600016
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::All babies born in the hospitals of the city of Pelotas, Brazil, in 1982 were studied soon after delivery and followed up prospectively during the first years of their lives. In 1993, this study was repeated with a similar methodology, with the aim of assessing eventual changes in the level of maternal and child healt...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89101996000100005
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resting adults Culicidae were collected from January 1992 through January 1993 in several habitats of the Ribeira Valley region. The diversity of species found among them suggested that the vegetation remaining within human settlements favored the survival and the population increase of some mosquitoes. Among there ar...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89101993000600002
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Urinalysis is an essential component of the prenatal routine, as urinary tract infections during pregnancy may lead to preterm delivery and neonatal morbidity. The objective of the study was to analyze factors associated to the solicitation of urinalysis during pregnancy. METHODS:During 2004, 4,163 women liv...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102008000300001
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Consumption of trans fat has been proven to be harmful to human health. This lipid is found mainly in partially hydrogenated vegetable fat, which is widely used in processed foods. The aim of this study was to analyze official publications on maximum limits for consumption of trans fat and the regulations for its mand...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102012000500020
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the basic reproduction number (R0) of dengue fever including both imported and autochthonous cases. METHODS:The study was conducted based on epidemiological data of the 2003 dengue epidemic in Brasília, Brazil. The basic reproduction number is estimated from the epidemic curve, fitting linearly t...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102009000100001
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possible correlations between infant mortality statistics and those statistics related to the real value of the legal minimum salary and those on the extent of the public water supply system for the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil over the last 3 decades were studied with a view to determining the relationship between t...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89101982000100002
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The growing evidence on the association between consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, obesity and other chronic diseases has highlighted the need to implement policy actions that go beyond programs exclusively focused on individual responsibility. In order to protect their commercial goals in Latin America, the su...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102011000200022
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyze knowledge, attitudes and practices of university adolescents about syphilis. METHODS:Cross-sectional, analytical, census-type study, developed with the universe of adolescents aged 18 and 19 years (n = 598), enrolled in three institutions of higher education in a municipality of Piauí (n = 598), w...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054002381
更新日期:2020-12-04 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the risk factors in the occurrence of oral lesions in HIV-positive adults. METHODS:A retrospective analytical-descriptive survey was conducted using the medical/dental records of 534 patients with oral lesions associated with HIV. The data were collected from five referral centers for managing HIV ...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To develop a deprivation index to study health inequalities in 221 areas of Ecuador, to describe the pattern of deprivation in Ecuador, and to explore the applications of the index to study health inequalities by analysing the association between deprivation and mortality in the study areas. METHODS:We perf...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.11606/s1518-8787.2019053001410
更新日期:2019-11-28 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare inpatient and outpatient care costs for pregnant/parturient women with diabetes and mild hyperglycemia. METHODS:A prospective observational quantitative study was conducted in the Perinatal Diabetes Center in the city of Botucatu, Southeastern Brazil, between 2007 and 2008. Direct and indirect cos...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102012005000009
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyze the temporal trend of leprosy indicators in a hyperendemic state of Brazil, from 2001-2015. METHODS:This is a time-series study of leprosy indicators in the state of Maranhão, Northeastern region of Brazil. The study used data from the Brazilian National System of Reportable Diseases, for the peri...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.11606/S1518-8787.2019053000752
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess whether the incidence of hospital infection by a resistant microorganism decreased after the implementation of the restrictive measure of the National Health Surveillance Agency for the commercialization of antimicrobials. METHODS:A historical cohort study of medical records of adult patients admit...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.11606/s1518-8787.2019053000879
更新日期:2019-08-19 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate how stressful life events and social support relate to central adiposity in Southern Brazil. METHODS:Data included information from 802 participants in the 1982 Pelotas Birth Cohort that was collect in 2004-2005 and 2006. Stratifying by sex, we studied self-reported stressful life events durin...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.11606/s1518-8787.2018052000161
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:A population-based study was carried out in the municipality of Bambuí, Brazil (population: approx. 15,000 inhabitants), to determine the prevalence of self-medication and its associated factors. METHODS:A random sample of 1,221 residents aged >18 years was selected. Of these, 796 reported use of medications...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102002000100009
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To conduct the cultural adaptation of the Brazilian version of the Godin-Shephard Leisure-Time Physical Activity Questionnaire (GSLTPAQ) and to assess its content validity, practicability, acceptability and reliability. METHODS:The stages of translation, synthesis, back translation, expert committee review a...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-8910.2013047003947
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the functional capacity of nursing staff in a hospital complex and its association with individual and work characteristics. METHODS:A cross-sectional comprising 885 subjects was carried out. A standardized self-administered questionnaire was used to calculate a work capacity index based on infor...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102005000400023
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyze the consumption of ultra-processed foods in the Colombian population across sociodemographic factors. METHODS:We used data from the 2005 National Survey of the Nutritional Status in Colombia. Food consumption was assessed using a 24-hour food recall in 38,643 individuals. The food items were class...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.11606/s1518-8787.2020054001176
更新日期:2020-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Social representations of tuberculosis are analyzed at the turn of the 20th century, focusing on aspects associated to feelings and contradictory manifestations awakened by the disease. The romanticized pattern of experience of this disease was replaced by a more naturalistic vision, though the stigmas and prejudices ...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102007000800007
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyze the characteristics, demands and expectations of users of an HIV testing and counseling center. METHODOLOGICAL PROCEDURES:Qualitative research carried out with 32 users of a testing and counseling center in the state of Minas Gerais (southeastern Brazil), from November 2005 to March 2006. The open...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102010005000010
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess communications aspects related to pesticide use in a rural area of the Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. METHODS:The study was carried out in the area of São Lourenço stream. It was based on methodological triangulation comprising: semi-structured interviews and observation of a local population sample...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102001000600010
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the paper is to describe 4 new cases of human diphyllobothriasis in Patagonia, Argentine. Adult parasites recovered were submitted to morphological and histological analyses for taxonomic identification. The etiological agent found was always Diphyllobothrium latum and all the cases were autochthonous. ...
journal_title:Revista de saude publica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1590/s0034-89102001000200017
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00