Initial Clinical Evaluation.

abstract：:Subaortic stenosis can be a complex disease of multiple anatomic etiologies. At the core is either an elongated and narrow outflow tract as compared to normal or a fully muscle-rimmed VSD used as an intraventricular routing pathway. An array of treatment modalities is needed for an effective management strategy. ...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Van Arsdell G,Tsoi K

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The myocardium consists of three compartments: cardiac muscle cells; a nutritive microcirculation; and an extracellular matrix composed largely of fibrillar collagen. The hypertrophic remodeling of the myocardium, which involves each of these compartments, can be adaptive or pathologic. This article reviews the remode...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Weber KT,Janicki JS

更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the incidence of valvular disease in the elderly is increasing, understanding of its pathogenesis and natural progression as well as surgical approaches and device technologies are improving. Future studies are needed to develop medical interventions that slow or halt the degenerative valvular processes associated ...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Hinchman DA,Otto CM

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In conclusion, the findings of most recent studies show that moderate-intensity aerobic exercise training can lower BP in patients with stage 1 and 2 essential hypertension. The average reduction in BP is 10.5 mm Hg for systolic and 7.6 mm Hg for diastolic BP. The reductions do not appear to be gender- or age-specific...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Kokkinos PF,Narayan P,Papademetriou V

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ebstein anomaly is a congenital malformation involving primarily the tricuspid valve, with failure of delamination from the underlying myocardium and right ventricular myopathy. Echocardiography is diagnostic in most patients and demonstrates apical displacement of the septal leaflet and variable tethering of leaflet ...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Fuchs MM,Connolly HM

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article reviews some important aspects of driveline infection in patients under left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support, including epidemiology, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options, both medical and surgical. Focus is placed on prevention along every aspect of the process of LVAD therapy, as the author...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Pereda D,Conte JV

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Survivorship into adulthood of patients with congenital heart disease is due to improvements in prenatal detection, novel surgeries, and specialized adult congenital heart disease care. As patients survive further into adulthood, long-term complications of congenital and repaired physiology have been more clearly eluc...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Kendsersky P,Ward C

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In cases of suspected acute coronary syndrome (ACS), rapid and accurate diagnosis is essential to establish effective evidence-based medical treatment. Patients' history, clinical examination, 12-lead electrocardiogram, and cardiac biomarkers are cornerstones in initial management. Since high-sensitivity cardiac tropo...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Geyer M,Wild J,Münzel T,Gori T,Wenzel P

更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The indications for clinical electrophysiologic study have continued to evolve since the introduction of this technique in the mid 1960s. They now include evaluation of sinus node dysfunction, AV conduction disturbances, syncope of unknown etiology, supraventricular arrhythmias with and without Wolff-Parkinson-White s...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Horowitz LN

更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Fontan operation is a unique approach to create a circulation in series without 2 distinct pumping chambers. Although the approach has enabled many patients to live well into adulthood, the unique physiology results in many complications, cardiac and extracardiac. This review focuses on the pathophysiology of the ...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： John AS

更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article briefly reviews the background and rationale for the development of polymer paving. The process of endoluminal paving is described both in its generic form as well as in three experimental embodiments. Several experimental studies with two forms of paving, solid paving and gel paving, are reviewed. Finall...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Slepian MJ

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) have presented an attractive target for development of new therapies for cardiovascular prevention on the basis of epidemiology and preclinical studies demonstrating their protective properties. Development of HDL mimetics provides an opportunity to administer functional HDL. However, ...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Takata K,Di Bartolo BA,Nicholls SJ

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sudden death, a major cause of mortality in the Western world, usually results from electrophysiologic phenomena in chronically damaged hearts with advanced coronary atherosclerosis. The exact pathophysiologic mechanisms are not known, but there is reasonable circumstantial evidence to implicate myocardial ischemia--c...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Meissner MD,Morganroth J

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Congenital abnormalities of the pericardium are a rare group of disorders that include congenital absence of the pericardium, pericardial cysts, and diverticula. These congenital defects result from alterations in the embryologic formation and structure of the pericardium. Although many cases are incidentally found, t...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Parmar YJ,Shah AB,Poon M,Kronzon I

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The differentiation of restrictive cardiomyopathy from pericardial constriction remains a difficult clinical problem. Although the historical, noninvasive, and hemodynamic and angiographic features discussed here provide poor discriminating value when considered individually, a combination of clues may suggest one dia...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Schoenfeld MH

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ischemic heart disease remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) has proved to have a causal relationship with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Lowering LDL-C improves outcomes, although some patients continue to have residual risk of cardiovascular disease. Cardi...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Hadjiphilippou S,Ray KK

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This is an extensive review of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction with discussions of the pathophysiology of occlusion, clinical occlusion and rationale for thrombolysis, thrombolytic agents, results of thrombolysis (incidence of reperfusion, left ventricular function, and mortality), complications of thrombolytic ...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Chesebro JH,Holmes DR,Mock MB,Gersh BG,Fuster V

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Elevated blood pressure can be lowered safely in the vast majority of patients by selecting the single drug most likely to be efficacious in that patient. Skillful management with full knowledge of drug pharmacology should provide the patient with the maximum opportunity to benefit from normalization of blood pressure...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Materson BJ

更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many of the transcatheter devices described in this article remain investigational in the United States. Currently, we consider the applications of these techniques as either (1) procedures of choice (for closures of patent ductus arteriosus, balloon dilation or stent implantation for peripheral pulmonary stenoses, ba...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Landzberg MJ,Lock JE

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ideal aortic valve substitute remains elusive. Bioprosthetic valves are the replacement option of choice in elderly patients undergoing aortic valve replacement (AVR). When implanted in young and middle-aged adults, both bioprosthetic and mechanical valves are associated with excess mortality compared with the age...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Mazine A,El-Hamamsy I

更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnetic resonance imaging is unique in its variety of applications for imaging the cardiovascular system. A thorough assessment of myocardial structure, function, and perfusion; assessment of coronary artery anatomy and flow; and spectroscopic evaluation of cardiac energetics can be readily performed by magnetic reso...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Kramer CM

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Incident heart failure and the burden of hospitalization may be demonstrating a decline. However, as the population ages, the prevalence of heart failure continues to increase. Mortality among heart failure patients is increasingly due to non-cardiovascular causes. Current evidence-based therapy for heart failure has ...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Mitter SS,Yancy CW

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fundamental requirements for a meaningful biomarker have not been met in the prediction of the aneurysm trait, the progression of the aneurysm disease state, or the prevention of catastrophic aortic complications. Aortic aneurysm is a worthy opponent on all fronts, and clinicians should continue actively to evalua...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Farkas EA

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evaluation and management of volume status in patients with heart failure is a challenge for most clinicians. In addition, such an evaluation is possible only during a personal clinician-patient interface. The ability to acquire hemodynamic data continuously with the help of implanted devices with remote monitorin...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Tallaj JA,Singla I,Bourge RC

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this era of interventional electrophysiology, the accuracy of the electrocardiogram in diagnosis of supraventricular tachycardia could be improved by detailed endocardial mapping and confirmed by results of radiofrequency catheter ablation. This article describes the electrocardiographic characteristics for differe...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Chen SA,Tai CT,Chiang CE,Chang MS

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Percutaneous transvenous balloon mitral valvuloplasty is a well-established alternative to surgical commissurotomy for selected symptomatic patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis. This procedure normally is performed with fluoroscopic guidance; however, even the experienced operator can be misled by radiographic land...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Goldstein SA,Campbell AN

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pericardium consists of a visceral mesothelial monolayer (epicardium) that reflects over the great vessels and joins an outer, relatively inelastic fibrous parietal layer of organized collagen and elastin fibers, between which is a potential space that normally contains up to 50 mL of plasma filtrate. Although not...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Hoit BD

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major adaptations of the maternal cardiovascular system that progress throughout gestation may unmask previously unrecognized heart disease and result in significant morbidity and mortality. Most of these changes are almost fully reversed in the weeks and months after delivery. Hemodynamic changes during pregnancy...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Ouzounian JG,Elkayam U

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The treatment of cardiorenal syndrome is as complex as the various mechanisms underlying its pathophysiology. Randomized controlled data typically focus on the treatment of heart failure with cardiac specific endpoints and a lack of worsening renal function used as a surrogate for efficacy. When heart failure is consi...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Rubinstein J,Sanford D

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The majority of individuals with diabetes die from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and related complications. The risk of CVD is 2 to 4 fold greater in diabetes and largely magnified by co-morbidities that aggregate along with it. Sufficient evidence-based data now exist to support multifactorial risk intervention with s...

journal_title：Cardiology clinics

authors： Srikanth S,Deedwania P

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00