Molecular Mechanism of the Two-Component Suicidal Weapon of Neocapritermes taracua Old Workers.

abstract：:During the adaptation of an organism to a parasitic lifestyle, various gene functions may be rendered superfluous due to the fact that the host may supply these needs. As a consequence, obligate symbiotic bacterial pathogens tend to undergo reductive genomic evolution through gene death (nonfunctionalization or pseudo...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Dagan T,Blekhman R,Graur D

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophila melanogaster is widely used as a model in DNA variation studies. Patterns of polymorphism have, however, been affected by the history of this species, which is thought to have recently spread out of Africa to the rest of the world. We analyzed DNA sequence variation in 11 populations, including four contine...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Baudry E,Viginier B,Veuille M

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpesviruses have been infecting and codiverging with their vertebrate hosts for hundreds of millions of years. The primate simplex viruses exemplify this pattern of virus-host codivergence, at a minimum, as far back as the most recent common ancestor of New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, and apes. Humans are the ...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Wertheim JO,Smith MD,Smith DM,Scheffler K,Kosakovsky Pond SL

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The human major histocompatibility complex (Mhc) is a chromosomal segment approximately 4 million bp long that contains > or = 84 genes. Some of these genes code for the class I and class II molecules, while the remaining genes code for complement components, cytochrome P450, tumor necrosis factor, and many other, unr...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Klein J,O'hUigin C,Figueroa F,Mayer WE,Klein D

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lichen-forming fungi, in symbiotic associations with algae, frequently have nuclear small subunit ribosomal DNA (SSU rDNA) longer than the 1,800 nucleotides typical for eukaryotes. The lichen-forming ascomycetous fungus Lecanora dispersa contains insertions at eight distinct positions of its SSU rDNA; the lichen-formi...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Gargas A,DePriest PT,Taylor JW

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most phylogenetic models assume that the evolutionary process is stationary and reversible. In addition to being biologically improbable, these assumptions also impair inference by generating models under which the likelihood does not depend on the position of the root. Consequently, the root of the tree cannot be inf...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Cherlin S,Heaps SE,Nye TMW,Boys RJ,Williams TA,Embley TM

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Purifying selection can substantially alter patterns of molecular evolution. Its main effect is to reduce overall levels of genetic variation, leading to a reduced effective population size. However, it also distorts genealogies relative to neutral expectations. A structured coalescent method has been used to describe...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Nicolaisen LE,Desai MM

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genetic basis of organisms' adaptation to different environments is a central issue of molecular evolution. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its relatives predominantly ferment glucose into ethanol even in the presence of oxygen. This was suggested to be an adaptation to glucose-rich habitats, but th...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Lin Z,Li WH

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The adaptive significance of enzyme variation has been of central interest in population genetics. Yet, how natural selection operates on enzymes in the larger context of biochemical pathways has not been broadly explored. A basic expectation is that natural selection on metabolic phenotypes will target enzymes that c...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Flowers JM,Sezgin E,Kumagai S,Duvernell DD,Matzkin LM,Schmidt PS,Eanes WF

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cells react to oxidative stress conditions by launching a defense response through the induction of nuclear gene expression. The advent of microarray technologies allowed monitoring of oxidative stress-dependent changes of transcript levels at a comprehensive and genome-wide scale, resulting in a series of inventories...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Vandenbroucke K,Robbens S,Vandepoele K,Inzé D,Van de Peer Y,Van Breusegem F

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Partial 18S rRNA sequence of the nemertine Cerebratulus lacteus was obtained and compared with those of coelomate metazoans and acoelomate platyhelminths to test whether nemertines share a most recent common ancestor with the platyhelminths, as traditionally has been implied, or whether nemertines lie within a protost...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Turbeville JM,Field KG,Raff RA

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The plant MADS-box regulatory gene family includes several loci that control different aspects of inflorescence and floral development. Orthologs to the Arabidopsis thaliana MADS-box floral meristem genes APETALA1 and CAULIFLOWER and the floral organ identity genes APETALA3 and PISTILLATA were isolated from the congen...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Lawton-Rauh AL,Buckler ES 4th,Purugganan MD

更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heme biosynthesis represents one of the most essential metabolic pathways in living organisms, providing the precursors for cytochrome prosthetic groups, photosynthetic pigments, and vitamin B(12). Using genomic data, we have compared the heme pathway in the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana and the red alga Cyanidiosch...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Oborník M,Green BR

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High-affinity antibodies arise within weeks of infection from the evolution of B-cell receptors under selection to improve antigen recognition. This rapid adaptation is enabled by the distribution of highly mutable "hotspot" motifs in B-cell receptor genes. High mutability in antigen-binding regions (complementarity d...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Vieira MC,Zinder D,Cobey S

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of fitness effects of mutations is a factor of fundamental importance in evolutionary biology. We determined the distribution of fitness effects of 510 mutants that each carried between 1 and 10 mutations (synonymous and nonsynonymous) in the hisA gene, encoding an essential enzyme in the l-histidine ...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Lundin E,Tang PC,Guy L,Näsvall J,Andersson DI

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review explores features of the origin and evolution of colicins in Escherichia coli. First, the evolutionary relationships of 16 colicin and colicin-related proteins are inferred from amino acid and DNA sequence comparisons. These comparisons are employed to detail the evolutionary mechanisms involved in the ori...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Riley MA

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Direct sequencing of the mitochondrial displacement loop (D-loop) of shrews (genus Sorex) for the region between the tRNA(Pro) and the conserved sequence block-F revealed variable numbers of 79-bp tandem repeats. These repeats were found in all 19 individuals sequenced, representing three subspecies and one closely re...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Stewart DT,Baker AJ

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the oomycete pathogen causing potato late blight disease, Phytophthora infestans triggered the famous 19th-century Irish potato famine and remains the leading cause of global commercial potato crop destruction. But the geographic origin of the genotype that caused this devastating initial outbreak remains disputed,...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Martin MD,Vieira FG,Ho SY,Wales N,Schubert M,Seguin-Orlando A,Ristaino JB,Gilbert MT

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are ubiquitous human pathogens. Both viruses evolved from simplex viruses infecting African primates and they are thus thought to have left Africa during early human migrations. We analyzed the population structure of HSV-1 and HSV-2 circulating strains. Results ind...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Forni D,Pontremoli C,Clerici M,Pozzoli U,Cagliani R,Sironi M

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on previous observations that newly inserted LINEs and SINEs have particularly long 3' A-tails, which shorten rapidly during evolutionary time, we have analyzed the rat and mouse genomes for evidence of recently inserted SINEs and LINEs. We find that the youngest predicted subfamilies of rodent identifier (ID) e...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Odom GL,Robichaux JL,Deininger PL

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The environment has profound effects on the expression of many traits and reaction norms describe the expression dynamics of a trait across a broad range of environmental conditions. Here, we analyze gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster across four different developmental temperatures (13-29 °C). Gene expression...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Chen J,Nolte V,Schlötterer C

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much of evolutionary change is mediated at the level of gene expression, yet our understanding of regulatory evolution remains unsatisfying. In light of recent data indicating that transcription factor binding sites undergo substantial turnover between species, we attempt to quantify the process of binding site turnov...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Dermitzakis ET,Bergman CM,Clark AG

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mutation rate of an organism is influenced by the interaction of evolutionary forces such as natural selection and genetic drift. However, the mutation spectrum (i.e., the frequency distribution of different types of mutations) can be heavily influenced by DNA repair. Using mutation-accumulation lines of the extre...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Long H,Miller SF,Williams E,Lynch M

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Liver and intestinal flukes of the family Fasciolidae cause zoonotic food-borne infections that impact both agriculture and human health throughout the world. Their evolutionary history and the genetic basis underlying their phenotypic and ecological diversity are not well understood. To close that knowledge gap, we c...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Choi YJ,Fontenla S,Fischer PU,Le TH,Costábile A,Blair D,Brindley PJ,Tort JF,Cabada MM,Mitreva M

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Repeated attempts to map the genomic basis of complex traits often yield different outcomes because of the influence of genetic background, gene-by-environment interactions, and/or statistical limitations. However, where repeatability is low at the level of individual genes, overlap often occurs in gene ontology categ...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Telonis-Scott M,Sgrò CM,Hoffmann AA,Griffin PC

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adaptive evolution at the molecular level can be studied by detecting convergent and parallel evolution at the amino acid sequence level. For a set of homologous protein sequences, the ancestral amino acids at all interior nodes of the phylogenetic tree of the proteins can be statistically inferred. The amino acid sit...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Zhang J,Kumar S

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic studies of Tibetans, an ethnic group with a long-lasting presence on the Tibetan Plateau which is known as the highest plateau in the world, may offer a unique opportunity to understand the biological adaptations of human beings to high-altitude environments. We conducted a genome-wide study of 1,000,000 genet...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Xu S,Li S,Yang Y,Tan J,Lou H,Jin W,Yang L,Pan X,Wang J,Shen Y,Wu B,Wang H,Jin L

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecule consists of noncovalently associated alpha and beta chains. In mammals studied so far, the class II MHC can be divided into a number of regions, each containing one or more alpha-chain genes (A genes) and beta-chain genes (B genes), and it has been known for...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Hughes AL,Nei M

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pseudogenes are defined as nonfunctional DNA sequences with homology to functional protein-coding genes, and they typically contain nonfunctional mutations within the presumptive coding region. In theory, pseudogenes can also be caused by mutations in upstream regulatory regions, appearing as open reading frames with ...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Yang L,Takuno S,Waters ER,Gaut BS

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Finding correct species relationships using phylogeny reconstruction based on molecular data is dependent on several empirical and technical factors. These include the choice of DNA sequence from which phylogeny is to be inferred, the establishment of character homology within a sequence alignment, and the phylogeny a...

journal_title：Molecular biology and evolution

authors： Mugridge NB,Morrison DA,Jäkel T,Heckeroth AR,Tenter AM,Johnson AM

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00