Abstract:
:Inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi is known to increase the species diversity of plant communities. One mechanism that can increase the likelihood of species co-existence, and thus species diversity, is a trade-off between competitive ability and the magnitude of plant growth response to AM fungal inoculation. By suppressing the growth of strong competitors while simultaneously enhancing the growth of weak competitors, this trade-off would cause the competitive hierarchy to be less pronounced in soil inoculated with AM fungi relative to non-inoculated conditions. To test whether such a trade-off exists, we quantified competitive abilities and mycorrhizal growth response (MGR) among 21 species that co-occur in old fields in southern Ontario. Competitive ability was determined by calculating competitive effect (CE), or the degree to which each species suppressed the biomass of a common phytometer species, Plantago lanceolata. Higher CE values represent stronger competitive ability. Old-field species varied in their ability to suppress the biomass of the phytometer and MGR was generally positive. There was a statistically significant negative correlation between CE in non-inoculated soil and MGR (r = -0.49, P = 0.02). In addition, variance in CE was 73% lower in soil inoculated with AM fungi compared to non-inoculated soil (P = 0.0023). These findings support the hypothesis that AM fungi weaken strong competitors while enhancing the performance of weak competitors. Because this trade-off compressed the competitive hierarchy among old-field species in soil inoculated with AM fungi, it may be a mechanism by which mycorrhizal fungi enhance species evenness and diversity.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Stanescu S,Maherali Hdoi
10.1007/s00442-016-3771-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-02-01 00:00:00pages
479-491issue
2eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/s00442-016-3771-6journal_volume
183pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::The effects of pollination, predispersal seed predation, and plant density upon seed production of Astragalus canadensis L. in a tall-grass prairie were studied by experimental manipulation of plant density. Seed production was greater at high than low plant densities; this was inferred to result from differences in p...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345095
更新日期:1974-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current theory predicts that in low-density, seed-limited plant populations, seed predation will be more important than competition in determining the number of individuals that reach maturity. However, when plant density is high, competition for microsites suitable for establishment and growth is expected to have a r...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1350-0
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spatial distribution in the two collembolan species Tomocerus minor and Orchesella cincta is greatly influenced by the distribution of the environmental factors water and food. T. minor is totally restricted in distribution to water-saturated places, where it forms spaced-out aggregations. O. cincta assembles in water...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00346922
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Morphological relationships change with overall body size and body size often varies among populations. Therefore, quantitative analyses of individual traits from organisms in different populations or environments (e.g., in studies of phenotypic plasticity) often adjust for differences in body size to isolate changes ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0403-6
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A laboratory experiment was conducted to determine whether the sea star Asterias forbesi and the naticid gastropod Euspira heros feed on surfclams, Spisula solidissima, in an additive or non-additive manner. Predators were allowed to feed on clams with conspecifics and in the presence of the other predator species. Cl...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050808
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper describes the epiphytic lichen vegetation on maple trees along an 1.1-km avenue leading from the outer suburbs of Freiburg toward the city center. A special aim of this investigation was to examine the variation in the coverage by lichens altogether and by each lichen species as a function of increasing dis...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00346838
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The maintenance of separated diploid and polyploid populations within a contact zone is possible due to both prezygotic and postzygotic isolation mechanisms. Niche differentiation between two cytotypes may be an important prezygotic isolating mechanism and can be studied using reciprocal transplant experiments. We inv...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1156-1
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A model is presented that simulates nitrogen uptake and response to nitrogen deficiency by a growing annual plant canopy. It is a descriptive model as it is not based on a detailed definition of the biochemical processes involved. It does incorporate a considerable amount of experimental knowledge about these processe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/PL00020264
更新日期:1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth and reproduction of twoDaphnia species (Cladocera) from Lake Constance were measured experimentally in a through-flow laboratory system under different food conditions, in order to investigate the effect of food quality on zooplankton populations. The cryptomonadRhodomonas sp. and the diatomStephanodiscus hantz...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00634599
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of litter has the potential to alter the population dynamics of plants. In this paper, we explore the effects of litter on population dynamics using a simple experimental laboratory system with populations of the annual crucifer, Cardamine pensylvanica. Using a factorial experiment with four densities and...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/PL00008877
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Temperature is a powerful correlate of large-scale terrestrial and marine diversity patterns but the mechanistic links remain unclear. Whilst many explanations have been proposed, quantitative predictions that allow them to be tested statistically are often lacking. As an important exception, the metabolic theory of e...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-010-1866-z
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Belowground processes in light gap openings are poorly understood, particularly in tropical forests. Fine roots in three zones of light gap openings and adjacent intact forest were regularly measured in buried bags and surface litter envelopes for 2 years. Fine root biomass does not vary significantly within gaps for ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317207
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments are described that were designed to investigate the effects of food availability and rate of exploitation on the growth and production of populations of Folsomia candida (Willem). In an initial experiment in which there was excess food it was found that increasing the rate of exploitation resulted in incre...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00346294
更新日期:1971-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects on plant growth and stomatal physiology of alterations in light quantity and quality during development were investigated in the C3 monocot, Commelina communis. Reduction in light intensity resulted in decreased branching and stem elongation, with effects more severe under "neutral shade" (R:FR≥1.0) than u...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317363
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The comparative responses of photosynthesis and growth to salinity were investigated for two C3 and one C4 species native to the tidal marshes of the San Francisco Bay-Sacramento River estuary of Northern California. At low salinities (0 or 150 meq l-1), where photosynthetic rates were maximal for all species, the C4 ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377375
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leslie matrices are used to compare theoretical populations of gregarious and solitarious Desert Locusts, Schistocerca gregaria (Forsk.). Despite their lower fecundity, the synchrony and faster maturation of gregarious populations permit them to have much faster rates of increase than solitarious populations. When rea...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00344729
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research has shown that many mutualistic communities display non-random structures. While our understanding of the structural properties of mutualistic communities continues to improve, we know little of the biological variables resulting in them. Mutualistic communities include those formed between ants and ex...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-010-1673-6
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A two year comparative field water relations study was conducted in central Maryland on three sympatric temperate lianas, Lonicera japonica, Vitis vulpina and Parthenocissus quinquefolia. Seasonal physiological activity was longer by approximately 9 weeks in the evergreen L. japonica, while peak rates of stem elongati...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00380051
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The field thermal biology of sympatric Anolis cooki and A. cristatellus were evaluated in January and in August in desert scrub forest at Playa de Tamarindo near Guanica, Puerto Rico. Data on randomly positioned copper models of lizards, each equipped with a built-in thermocouple, established null hypotheses about bas...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317818
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Southern grasshopper mice (Onychomys torridus) were allowed to junt buried mealworms in a laboratory arena. The prey were arranged in two patterns, one aggregated and one relatively dispersed. Mice captured more prey from the dispersed treatment in the 2 h experiment, a result that can be attributed to both the greate...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01833636
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seedling recruitment is a critical driver of population dynamics and community assembly, yet we know little about functional traits that define different recruitment strategies. For the first time, we examined whether trait relatedness across germination and seedling stages allows the identification of general recruit...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3430-3
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the simultaneously hermaphroditic marine fish, Serranus subligarius, male role individuals are known to pair spawn, group spawn and streak spawn. While the effects of these common mating tactics on mating success in the male role have been well studied, their consequences for the reproductive success of the individ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-012-2307-y
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trirhabda bacharidis (Weber) (Chrysomelidae), a univoltine, monophagous beetle is the dominant herbivore on Baccharis halimifolia (Compositae), a woody, perennial shrub that leafs out in early spring and retains its leaves into November. Available plant biomass increases during the season but T. bacharidis feeds only ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00363829
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Erythronium japonicum (Liliaceae) inhabits deciduous mesic forests of Hokkaido, northern Japan. Myrmecochory of this species was investigated, especially the dispersal frequency, the effect of seed predators and the seed fall pattern. In the quadrat census using marked seeds of E. japonicum, the ant Myrmica kotokui fr...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00329708
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many plant species currently exist in fragmented populations of different sizes, while they also experience unpredictable climatic fluctuation over time. However, we still understand little about how plant demography responds to such spatial and temporal environmental variability. We studied population dynamics of an ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1505-8
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analysed the spatial and temporal pattern of egg laying in great spotted cuckoo females using microsatellite typing to determine parentage of the eggs and nestlings found in host (magpie) nests. The results showed that there were no exclusive laying territories in the study area. Cases of multiparasitism could be d...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050660
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Computer simulations of a pollinator foraging in a mixture of two species were used to explore how plant reproduction can be influenced by interspecific pollination movements. Interspecific pollen transfer led to strong competitive effects when availabilities of pollen, receptive stigma surfaces, or pollinator movemen...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00349811
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our understanding of the response of vascular, terrestrial plants to nitrogen (N) addition is advanced and provides the foundation for modern agriculture. In comparison, information on responses of marine macroalgae to increased nitrogen is far less developed. We investigated how in situ pulses of nitrate (NO3 (-)) af...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3641-2
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Habitat fragmentation poses an inherent problem for metacommunity dynamics, as dispersal among communities is hindered by increasing isolation and the loss of patches. Wetlands are one such system that have undergone excessive destruction and fragmentation in recent years. Zooplankton within these communities have his...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-007-0704-4
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Argyrodes antipodianus is a small kleptobiotic spider that steals prey from webs of the large orb-weaving spider Nephila plumipes, and sometimes removes the web itself. We used experiments in a greenhouse to test how the presence of the kleptobiont, differences in food availability, and web damage affected fitness of ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050273
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00