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Factors Affecting the Nonlinear Force Versus Distraction Height Curves in an In Vitro C5-C6 Anterior Cervical Distraction Model.

Abstract：

STUDY DESIGN:In vitro biomechanical study of cervical intervertebral distraction. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the forces required for distraction to different heights in an in vitro C5-C6 anterior cervical distraction model, focusing on the influence of the intervertebral disk, posterior longitudinal ligament (PLL), and ligamentum flavum (LF). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA:No previous studies have reported on the forces required for distraction to various heights or the factors resisting distraction in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Anterior cervical distraction at C5-C6 was performed in 6 cadaveric specimens using a biomechanical testing machine, under 4 conditions: A, before disk removal; B, after disk removal; C, after disk and PLL removal; and D, after disk and PLL removal and cutting of the LF. Distraction was performed from 0 to 10 mm at a constant velocity (5 mm/min). Force and distraction height were recorded automatically. RESULTS:The force required increased with distraction height under all 4 conditions. There was a sudden increase in force required at 6-7 mm under conditions B and C, but not D. Under condition A, distraction to 5 mm required a force of 268.3±38.87 N. Under conditions B and C, distraction to 6 mm required <15 N, and further distraction required dramatically increased force, with distraction to 10 mm requiring 115.4±10.67 and 68.4±9.67 N, respectively. Under condition D, no marked increase in force was recorded. CONCLUSIONS:Distraction of the intervertebral space was much easier after disk removal. An intact LF caused a sudden marked increase in the force required for distraction, possibly indicating the point at which the LF was fully stretched. This increase in resistance may help to determine the optimal distraction height to avoid stress to the endplate spacer.

journal_name

Clin Spine Surg

journal_title

Clinical spine surgery

authors

Wen J,Xu J,Li L,Yang M,Pan J,Chen D,Jia L,Tan J

doi

10.1097/BSD.0000000000000160

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-06-01 00:00:00

pages

E510-E514

issue

eissn

2380-0186

issn

2380-0194

pii

01933606-201706000-00010

journal_volume

pub_type

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Factors Affecting the Nonlinear Force Versus Distraction Height Curves in an In Vitro C5-C6 Anterior Cervical Distraction Model.