Abstract:
:This review focuses on the cognitive neuroscience of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies and on recent clinically relevant applications such as fMRI-based diagnostic classification or neuromodulation therapies targeting fMRI deficits with neurofeedback (NF) or brain stimulation. Meta-analyses of fMRI studies of executive functions (EFs) show that ADHD patients have cognitive-domain dissociated complex multisystem impairments in several right and left hemispheric dorsal, ventral and medial fronto-cingulo-striato-thalamic and fronto-parieto-cerebellar networks that mediate cognitive control, attention, timing and working memory (WM). There is furthermore emerging evidence for abnormalities in orbital and ventromedial prefrontal and limbic areas that mediate motivation and emotion control. In addition, poor deactivation of the default mode network (DMN) suggests an abnormal interrelationship between hypo-engaged task-positive and poorly "switched off" hyper-engaged task-negative networks, both of which are related to impaired cognition. Translational cognitive neuroscience in ADHD is still in its infancy. Pattern recognition analyses have attempted to provide diagnostic classification of ADHD using fMRI data with respectable classification accuracies of over 80%. Necessary replication studies, however, are still outstanding. Brain stimulation has been tested in heterogeneously designed, small numbered proof of concept studies targeting key frontal functional impairments in ADHD. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) appears to be promising to improve ADHD symptoms and cognitive functions based on some studies, but larger clinical trials of repeated stimulation with and without cognitive training are needed to test clinical efficacy and potential costs on non-targeted functions. Only three studies have piloted NF of fMRI-based frontal dysfunctions in ADHD using fMRI or near-infrared spectroscopy, with the two larger ones finding some improvements in cognition and symptoms, which, however, were not superior to the active control conditions, suggesting potential placebo effects. Neurotherapeutics seems attractive for ADHD due to their safety and potential longer-term neuroplastic effects, which drugs cannot offer. However, they need to be thoroughly tested for short- and longer-term clinical and cognitive efficacy and their potential for individualized treatment.
journal_name
Front Hum Neuroscijournal_title
Frontiers in human neuroscienceauthors
Rubia Kdoi
10.3389/fnhum.2018.00100subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-03-29 00:00:00pages
100issn
1662-5161journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::For the management of Parkinson's disease (PD), the concept of forced exercise (FE) has drawn interest. In PD subjects, the FE executed with lower limbs has been shown to lessen symptoms and to promote brain adaptive changes. Our study is aimed to investigate the effect of an upper-limb exercise, conceptually comparab...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00350
更新日期:2019-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::The fluctuations in a brain region's activation levels over a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) time-course are used in functional connectivity (FC) to identify networks with synchronous responses. It is increasingly recognized that multi-voxel activity patterns contain information that cannot be extracted ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00015
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abstract::During creative problem solving, initial solution attempts often fail because of self-imposed constraints that prevent us from thinking out of the box. In order to solve a problem successfully, the problem representation has to be restructured by combining elements of available knowledge in novel and creative ways. It...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00072
更新日期:2018-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::The right inferior fronto-parietal network monitors the current status of the musculoskeletal system and builds-up and updates our postural model. The kinesthetic illusion induced by tendon vibration has been utilized in experiments on the modulation of body awareness. The right inferior fronto-parietal cortices activ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00330
更新日期:2019-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::Creativity is the hallmark of human cognition and is behind every innovation, scientific discovery, piece of music, artwork, and idea that have shaped our lives, from ancient times till today. Yet scientific understanding of creative processes is quite limited, mostly due to the traditional belief that considers creat...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00540
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abstract::Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) is a powerful MRI technique that can be used to estimate both the microstructural integrity and the trajectories of white matter pathways throughout the central nervous system. This fiber tracking (aka, "tractography") approach is often carried out using anatomically-defined seed points ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00585
更新日期:2015-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Neural responses demonstrate evidence of resonance, or oscillation, during the production of periodic auditory events. Music contains periodic auditory events that give rise to a sense of beat, which in turn generates a sense of meter on the basis of multiple periodicities. Metrical hierarchies may aid memory for musi...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.01040
更新日期:2015-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Prior research suggests that acoustical degradation impacts encoding of items into memory, especially in elderly subjects. We here aimed to investigate whether acoustically degraded items that are initially encoded into memory are more prone to forgetting as a function of age. Young and old participants were tested wi...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00473
更新日期:2016-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::"Chronic traumatic encephalopathy" (CTE) is described as a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease believed to result from multiple concussions. Traditionally, concussions were considered benign events and although most people recover fully, about 10% develop a post-concussive syndrome with persisting neurologica...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00030
更新日期:2014-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::A long tradition of research including classical rhetoric, esthetics and poetics theory, formalism and structuralism, as well as current perspectives in (neuro)cognitive poetics has investigated structural and functional aspects of literature reception. Despite a wealth of literature published in specialized journals ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00186
更新日期:2015-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::Facial attractiveness refers to a positive and joyful emotional experience induced by the face of a target person and the extent to which other people are driven to be close to their wishes. Since the 1970s, face attractiveness has gradually emerged in western psychological research, but most of the studies were confi...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00132
更新日期:2019-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Metaphorical expressions very often involve words referring to physical entities and experiences. Yet, figures of speech such as metaphors are not intended to be understood literally, word-by-word. We used event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to determine whether metaphorical expressions are processed more like physi...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2015.00028
更新日期:2015-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Major neurocognitive changes occur during adolescence, making this phase one of the most critical developmental periods of life. Furthermore, this phase in life is also the time in which youth substance use begins. Several studies have demonstrated the differential associations of alcohol and cannabis use concerning t...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2020.00095
更新日期:2020-04-07 00:00:00
abstract::Holding biological motion (BM), the movements of animate entities, in working memory (WM) is important to our daily life activities. However, the neural substrates underlying the WM processing of BM remain largely unknown. Employing the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique, the current study directly...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00251
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally supposed that there is a single, hierarchically organized pathway dedicated to form processing, in which complex forms are elaborated from simpler ones, beginning with the orientation-selective cells of V1. In this psychophysical study, we undertook to test another hypothesis, namely that the brain's v...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00567
更新日期:2014-07-25 00:00:00
abstract::Some years ago Cheung et al. (2008) proposed the complete design (CD) for measuring the failure of selective attention in composite objects. Since the CD is a fully balanced design, analysis of response bias may reveal potential effects of the experimental manipulation, the stimulus material, and/or attributes of the ...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00494
更新日期:2017-10-17 00:00:00
abstract::Although the Developmental Language Disorder (DLD), also known as Specific Language Impairment in children has been the focus of unceasing scientific attention for decades, the nature and mechanisms of this disorder remain unclear. Most importantly, we still cannot reliably identify children requiring urgent intervent...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00517
更新日期:2019-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::An emerging field of research focused on fluctuations in brain signals has provided evidence that the complexity of those signals, as measured by entropy, conveys important information about network dynamics (e.g., local and distributed processing). While much research has focused on how neural complexity differs in p...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00409
更新日期:2014-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::To further test and explore the hypothesis that synchronous oscillatory brain activity supports interpersonally coordinated behavior during dyadic music performance, we simultaneously recorded the electroencephalogram (EEG) from the brains of each of 12 guitar duets repeatedly playing a modified Rondo in two voices by...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00312
更新日期:2012-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Cultural neuroscience is an emerging research field concerned with studying the influences of different cultures on brain anatomy and function. In this study, we examined whether different cultural or genetic influences might influence the resting state electroencephalogram (EEG) in young children (mean ag...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2016.00559
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abstract::Real world problem-solving (RWPS) is what we do every day. It requires flexibility, resilience, resourcefulness, and a certain degree of creativity. A crucial feature of RWPS is that it involves continuous interaction with the environment during the problem-solving process. In this process, the environment can be seen...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2018-06-26 00:00:00
abstract::Executive functions are subject to a marked age-related decline, but have been shown to benefit from cognitive training interventions. As of yet, it is, however, still relatively unclear which neural mechanism can mediate training-related performance gains. In the present electrophysiological study, we examined the ef...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00184
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journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00111
更新日期:2017-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::Disturbances in feedback processing and a dysregulation of the neural circuit in which the cingulate cortex plays a key role have been frequently observed in depression. Since depression is a heterogeneous disease, instead of focusing on the depressive state in general, this study investigated the relations between th...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2013.00096
更新日期:2013-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::Application of auditory beat stimulation has been speculated to provide a promising new tool with which to alleviate symptoms of anxiety and to enhance cognition. In spite of reportedly similar EEG effects of binaural and monaural beats, data on behavioral effects of monaural beats are still lacking. Therefore, we exa...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2017.00251
更新日期:2017-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a degenerative disease affecting language while leaving other cognitive facilities relatively unscathed. The agrammatic subtype of PPA (PPA-G) is characterized by agrammatic language production with impaired comprehension of noncanonical filler-gap syntactic structures, such as obj...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
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abstract::Minimal or inconsistent behavioral responses to command make it challenging to accurately diagnose the level of awareness of a patient with a Disorder of consciousness (DOC). By identifying markers of mental imagery being covertly performed to command, functional neuroimaging (fMRI), electroencephalography (EEG) has s...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00950
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abstract::The extent of sensory eye dominance, a reflection of the interocular suppression in binocular visual processing, can be quantitatively measured using the binocular phase combination task. In this study, we aimed to provide a normative dataset for sensory eye dominance using this task. Based on that, we also assessed t...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnhum.2018.00357
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journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::For the nineteenth and the better part of the twentieth centuries two correlative beliefs were strongly held by almost all neuroscientists and practitioners in the field of neurorehabilitation. The first was that after maturity the adult CNS was hardwired and fixed, and second that in the chronic phase after CNS injur...
journal_title:Frontiers in human neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
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