Abstract：
:Cross-sectional spinal imaging is common, and extraspinal findings are often incidentally identified during interpretation. Although some of these findings may cause symptoms that mimic a spinal disorder, the majority are entirely asymptomatic and incidental. It is essential that the radiologist not only identify those abnormalities that may have clinical significance but also recognize those that are clinically irrelevant and thereby prevent patients from being subjected to further unnecessary, expensive and potentially harmful interventions. This article focuses on those abnormalities that are commonly encountered and provides practical guidance for follow-up and management based on current recommendations.
journal_name
Radiol Clin North Amjournal_title
Radiologic clinics of North Americaauthors
Raghavan P,Record J,Vidal Ldoi
10.1016/j.rcl.2018.09.009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-03-01 00:00:00pages
453-467issue
2eissn
0033-8389issn
1557-8275pii
S0033-8389(18)30129-5journal_volume
57pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The history of mammography can be arbitrarily subdivided into three periods: The Age of Pioneers highlights the work of Salomon, Kleinschmidt, Warren, Vogel, Seabold, Gershon-Cohen, Leborgne, Egan, Gallager, Martin, Dodd, Strax and their colleagues; The Age of Technical Progress adds the names of Gould, Wolfe, and Gro...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The historical, epidemiologic, clinical, and pathologic features of the phakomatoses are briefly reviewed in this article. The central nervous system manifestations of the phakomatoses on MR also are illustrated and described. ...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) is a common radiologic finding. There are different management approaches and the work-up often requires evaluation over a long period of time to establish a benign or malignant diagnosis. Comparison with old examinations and morphologic evaluation of the size, margins, and internal...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.rcl.2005.01.008
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accurate recognition and reporting of spine abnormalities on MRI requires knowledge of normal anatomy and its variants. This article deals with common normal variants, points out pitfalls which may be sources of errors in interpretation and describes imaging artifacts which are essential to be recognized and not mista...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0033-8389(08)70004-6
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Incidentally detected lung nodules are increasingly common in routine diagnostic computed tomography (CT) imaging. Formal management recommendations for incidental nodules, such as those outlined by the Fleischner Society, must therefore reflect a balance of malignancy risk and the clinical context in which nodules ar...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.rcl.2018.01.002
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sella and parasellar region, found between the anterior and central skull base, represents the central aspect of the skull base. Given the location of the pituitary gland in this location, small lesions in this location may have major physiologic effects on the human body. This article reviews the anatomy, develop...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.rcl.2016.09.002
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stress cardiac magnetic resonance imaging can provide valuable information for the diagnosis and management of ischemic heart disease (IHD). It plays an important role in the initial diagnosis in patients with acute chest pain, in the diagnosis of complications post myocardial infarction (MI), in the assessment of the...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.rcl.2014.11.006
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Scrotal ultrasound is now the first and only imaging examination necessary to evaluate the scrotal contents. This article first discusses normal scrotal anatomy, and then examines the imaging findings of various malignant and benign scrotal masses. Other topics include cryptorchidism, extratesticular abnormalities, an...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the chest, the indications for nuclear medicine studies are broader and more varied in children than in adults. In children, nuclear medicine studies are used to evaluate congenital and developmental disorders of the chest, as well as diseases more typical of adults. In the chest, pediatric nuclear medicine uses th...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.rcl.2011.06.012
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MRI is a powerful noninvasive imaging tool with high spatial resolution that continues to prove its value in determining atherosclerotic plaque size, volume, and tissue components. Multispectral MRI sequences have been validated to characterize atherosclerotic plaque components in animals; they have recently been appl...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0033-8389(02)00019-2
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article emphasizes diagnostic importance of careful observation of the size, position, and luminal air column of the trachea in the interpretation of the chest roentgenogram. The changes described provide information about intratracheal lesions and help in localization and differential diagnosis of mediastinal ma...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although a specific diagnosis of the calcified liver mass may not always be possible, there are some morphologic imaging features that help to indicate the diagnosis (Table 1). The radiologist needs to be aware of the wide spectrum of diseases of the liver that can calcify, and the most common causes. Pathologic corre...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0033-8389(05)70030-0
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is an important manifestation of atherosclerosis, with an estimated age-adjusted prevalence of approximately 13% in people older than 50 years. Noninvasive vascular laboratory physiologic studies are indispensable tools in the initial evaluation and workup and postintervention follow-...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.rcl.2014.07.006
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The technical details of producing an NMR image are briefly explained, followed by a discussion of what relaxation times mean and how tissue properties affect the NMR image. The rest of the article is devoted to the NMR imaging of the thorax. ...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The neuro-ophthalmologist is concerned with the myriad afflictions that can cause transient or permanent visual loss, derangement of ocular motor function, pupillary dysfunction, abnormality of lid position or function, and headache or facial pain syndrome. Once preliminary clinical evaluation has implicated dysfuncti...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evaluation for splenic injury is an important component of patient assessment after blunt abdominal trauma. Key imaging modalities include ultrasound, particularly for rapid identification of hemoperitoneum, and computed tomography (CT), which permits a more detailed and accurate determination of splenic integrity. Sp...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.rcl.2011.08.008
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviewed the major sports medicine conditions affecting the knee and their MR imaging appearance. MR imaging of the knee is considered efficacious especially in the setting of indeterminate clinical findings and can stratify patients, guiding further surgical management. MR imaging affects the diagnosis a...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0033-8389(02)00004-0
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:TNB of the mediastinum is an accurate, safe, and cost-effective diagnostic tool for the evaluation of mediastinal masses and lymphadenopathy. The technique is most useful in the staging of carcinoma, where it serves as a less expensive and minimally invasive alternative to mediastinoscopy for establishing unresectabil...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0033-8389(05)70163-9
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With technologic advances and the availability of sophisticated computer software and analytical strategies, imaging plays an increasingly important role in understanding the disease process of osteoarthritis (OA). Radiography has limitations in that it can visualize only limited features of OA, such as osteophytes an...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.rcl.2017.04.012
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Magnetic resonance (MR) has noninvasively imaged the proximal coronary arteries, areas of infarction, and a variety of congenital heart lesions. Further technical improvement may extend cardiac MR from the realm of research to clinical utility. ...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ultrasonography is a dynamic, powerful, and readily available tool in the armamentarium of biliary diagnosis. The use of this modality is indicated in the initial work-up of jaundice since ultrasonography is exquisitely sensitive to the presence of intrahepatic or extrahepatic biliary dilatation. The liver and pancrea...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diagnostic imaging is often used to document the progression of healing and diagnose complications in the patient with musculoskeletal trauma. Common types of fixation devices and their complications are discussed. Guidelines for acceptable positioning and alignment are described. ...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association of clinically apparent varicoceles with male subfertility and infertility has been noted in the urology literature since the late nineteenth century, and surgical ligation of varicoceles has been considered appropriate therapy in an attempt to improve semen quality and increase fertility for the past 4...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Posttreatment imaging is important to ensure early detection of oncological complications, and appropriate timing and frequency is an important consideration, especially in high-risk patients. Focused magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is the preferred modality for detection of local recurrence of soft tissue tumors and ...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.rcl.2011.07.011
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thermal ablation of tumors is a rapidly growing field that has found various applications in the musculoskeletal system. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has become the reference standard for treatment of most osteoid osteomas. More recently, RFA has been applied to several other forms of primary tumors and in the treatm...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.rcl.2008.12.006
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malignant uveal melanomas are the most common primary intraocular malignant tumors in adults. Choroidal hemangiomas are congenital, benign, vascular lesions that may be confused with malignant uveal melanomas on clinical examination. The MR imaging characteristics of uveal melanomas and choroidal hemangiomas are diffe...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0033-8389(05)70233-5
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The SCAVMs are high-flow lesions that present at a younger age, during the second or third decades of life. The most common presenting symptoms are subarachnoid hemorrhage and hematomyelia. Endovascular treatment of these lesions has become an important adjunct to surgical management. Complete occlusion is possible by...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is important clinically to be able to differentiate ulcerative colitis from Crohn's colitis because they differ considerably in the nature of complications and prognoses. Radiographically, it is possible to render a specific diagnosis in the vast majority of cases using criteria described in this article. The probl...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since its inception, CT scan has had a dominant role in hepatic imaging. Recent advances including helical CT scan and bolus-triggered scan initiation software packages have had a significant impact. Issues regarding volume, rate of administration, and type of intravenous contrast are being distilled. Workstations for...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0033-8389(05)70020-8
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MR imaging is widely used in the evaluation of internal derangement of joints. In the past, the use of hand and wrist MR imaging lagged behind imaging of larger joints,largely because of technical limitations of spatial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio when imaging the small anatomic structures. However, with rece...
journal_title：Radiologic clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.rcl.2006.04.008
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
