Abstract:
BACKGROUND:A common disclosure control practice for health datasets is to identify small geographic areas and either suppress records from these small areas or aggregate them into larger ones. A recent study provided a method for deciding when an area is too small based on the uniqueness criterion. The uniqueness criterion stipulates that an the area is no longer too small when the proportion of unique individuals on the relevant variables (the quasi-identifiers) approaches zero. However, using a uniqueness value of zero is quite a stringent threshold, and is only suitable when the risks from data disclosure are quite high. Other uniqueness thresholds that have been proposed for health data are 5% and 20%. METHODS:We estimated uniqueness for urban Forward Sortation Areas (FSAs) by using the 2001 long form Canadian census data representing 20% of the population. We then constructed two logistic regression models to predict when the uniqueness is greater than the 5% and 20% thresholds, and validated their predictive accuracy using 10-fold cross-validation. Predictor variables included the population size of the FSA and the maximum number of possible values on the quasi-identifiers (the number of equivalence classes). RESULTS:All model parameters were significant and the models had very high prediction accuracy, with specificity above 0.9, and sensitivity at 0.87 and 0.74 for the 5% and 20% threshold models respectively. The application of the models was illustrated with an analysis of the Ontario newborn registry and an emergency department dataset. At the higher thresholds considerably fewer records compared to the 0% threshold would be considered to be in small areas and therefore undergo disclosure control actions. We have also included concrete guidance for data custodians in deciding which one of the three uniqueness thresholds to use (0%, 5%, 20%), depending on the mitigating controls that the data recipients have in place, the potential invasion of privacy if the data is disclosed, and the motives and capacity of the data recipient to re-identify the data. CONCLUSION:The models we developed can be used to manage the re-identification risk from small geographic areas. Being able to choose among three possible thresholds, a data custodian can adjust the definition of "small geographic area" to the nature of the data and recipient.
journal_name
BMC Med Inform Decis Makjournal_title
BMC medical informatics and decision makingauthors
El Emam K,Brown A,AbdelMalik P,Neisa A,Walker M,Bottomley J,Roffey Tdoi
10.1186/1472-6947-10-18subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-04-02 00:00:00pages
18issn
1472-6947pii
1472-6947-10-18journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to ascertain the performance of syndromic algorithms for the early detection of patients in healthcare facilities who have potentially transmissible infectious diseases, using computerised emergency department (ED) data. METHODS:A retrospective cohort in an 810-bed University...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6947-13-101
更新日期:2013-09-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Blood cultures are often performed to detect patients who has a serious illness without infections and patients with bloodstream infections. Early positive blood culture prediction is important, as bloodstream infections may cause inflammation of the body, even organ failure or death. However, existing work ...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-020-1113-4
更新日期:2020-07-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most prevalent type of lung cancer and the most difficult to predict. When there are no distant metastases, the optimal therapy depends mainly on whether there are malignant lymph nodes in the mediastinum. Given the vigorous debate among specialists about which tests...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-016-0246-y
更新日期:2016-01-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A pandemic affects healthcare delivery and consequently leads to socioeconomic complications. During a pandemic, a community where there lives an asymptomatic patient (AP) becomes a potential endemic zone. Assuming we want to monitor the travel and/or activity of an AP in a community where there is a pandemi...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-020-01258-z
更新日期:2020-09-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Variome corpus, a small collection of published articles about inherited colorectal cancer, includes annotations of 11 entity types and 13 relation types related to the curation of the relationship between genetic variation and disease. Due to the richness of these annotations, the corpus provides a good...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-016-0294-3
更新日期:2016-07-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:EURIS (European Resistance Intervention Study) was launched as a multinational study in September of 2000 to identify the multitude of complex risk factors that contribute to the high carriage rate of drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae strains in children attending Day Care Centers in several European c...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6947-3-9
更新日期:2003-07-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dual processing theory of human cognition postulates that reasoning and decision-making can be described as a function of both an intuitive, experiential, affective system (system I) and/or an analytical, deliberative (system II) processing system. To date no formal descriptive model of medical decision-maki...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6947-12-94
更新日期:2012-09-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:As the use of electronic health records (EHRs) becomes more widespread, so does the need to search and provide effective information discovery within them. Querying by keyword has emerged as one of the most effective paradigms for searching. Most work in this area is based on traditional Information Retrieva...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6947-10-64
更新日期:2010-10-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increased digitalization of healthcare comes along with the cost of cybercrime proliferation. This results to patients' and healthcare providers' skepticism to adopt Health Information Technologies (HIT). In Europe, this shortcoming hampers efficient cross-border health data exchange, which requires a holist...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-018-0664-0
更新日期:2018-10-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nowadays more and more clinical guidelines for health care professionals are being developed. However, this does not automatically mean that these guidelines are actually implemented. The aim of this meta-review is twofold: firstly, to gain a better understanding of which factors affect the implementation of...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1186/1472-6947-8-38
更新日期:2008-09-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiac diseases represent the leading cause of sudden death worldwide. During the development of cardiac diseases, the left ventricle (LV) changes obviously in structure and function. LV motion estimation plays an important role for diagnosis and treatment of cardiac diseases. To estimate LV motion accurate...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-017-0560-z
更新日期:2017-12-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Diagnostic accuracy might be improved by algorithms that searched patients' clinical notes in the electronic health record (EHR) for signs and symptoms of diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). The focus this study was to determine if patients with MS could be identified from their clinical notes prior to...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-017-0418-4
更新日期:2017-02-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Timely and accurate information is important to guide the medical treatment process. We developed, implemented and assessed an order-entry system to support documentation of prostate histologies involving urologists, pathologists and physicians in private practice. METHODS:We designed electronic forms for h...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6947-9-5
更新日期:2009-01-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Healthcare providers generate a huge amount of biomedical data stored in either legacy system (paper-based) format or electronic medical records (EMR) around the world, which are collectively referred to as big biomedical data (BBD). To realize the promise of BBD for clinical use and research, it is an essen...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-016-0357-5
更新日期:2016-08-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The development and validation of automated electronic medical record (EMR) search strategies are important for establishing the timing of mechanical ventilation initiation in the intensive care unit (ICU).Thus, we sought to develop and validate an automated EMR search algorithm (strategy) for time zero, the...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6947-14-55
更新日期:2014-06-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Quantitative electroencephalogram (EEG) is one neuroimaging technique that has been shown to differentiate patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and non-depressed healthy volunteers (HV) at the group-level, but its diagnostic potential for detecting differences at the individual level has yet to be r...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-015-0227-6
更新日期:2015-12-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Effective use of a patient decision aid (PtDA) can be affected by the user's health literacy and the PtDA's characteristics. Systematic reviews of the relevant literature can guide PtDA developers to attend to the health literacy needs of patients. The reviews reported here aimed to assess: METHODS:We revie...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/1472-6947-13-S2-S10
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Medication events in clinical settings are significant threats to patient safety. Analyzing and learning from the medication event reports is an important way to prevent the recurrence of these events. Currently, the analysis of medication event reports is ineffective and requires heavy workloads for clinici...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-018-0687-6
更新日期:2018-12-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Access to and use of digital technology are more common among people of more advantaged socioeconomic status. These differences might be due to lack of interest, not having physical access or having lower intentions to use this technology. By integrating the digital divide approach and the User Acceptance of...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-020-01383-9
更新日期:2021-01-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Diagnosis of neuromuscular diseases in primary care is often challenging. Rare diseases such as Pompe disease are easily overlooked by the general practitioner. We therefore aimed to develop a diagnostic support tool using patient-oriented questions and combined data mining algorithms recognizing answer patt...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1186/s12911-016-0268-5
更新日期:2016-03-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We have carried out an extensive qualitative research program focused on the barriers and facilitators to successful adoption and use of various features of advanced, state-of-the-art electronic health records (EHRs) within large, academic, teaching facilities with long-standing EHR research and development ...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6947-11-13
更新日期:2011-02-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide critical problem, especially in developing countries. CKD patients usually begin their treatment in advanced stages, which requires dialysis and kidney transplantation, and consequently, affects mortality rates. This issue is faced by a mobile health (mHealth) ...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-018-0587-9
更新日期:2018-01-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Computer simulation studies of the emergency department (ED) are often patient driven and consider the physician as a human resource whose primary activity is interacting directly with the patient. In many EDs, physicians supervise delegates such as residents, physician assistants and nurse practitioners eac...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6947-13-59
更新日期:2013-05-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The TISS standard is a set of mandatory forms and electronic messages for healthcare authorization and claim submissions among healthcare plans and providers in Brazil. It is not based on formal models as the new generation of health informatics standards suggests. The objective of this paper is to model the...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6947-11-60
更新日期:2011-10-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clinical named entity recognition (CNER) is important for medical information mining and establishment of high-quality knowledge map. Due to the different text features from natural language and a large number of professional and uncommon clinical terms in Chinese electronic medical records (EMRs), there are...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-019-0933-6
更新日期:2019-12-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Prior studies have demonstrated that cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is a strong marker of cardiovascular health. Machine learning (ML) can enhance the prediction of outcomes through classification techniques that classify the data into predetermined categories. The aim of this study is to present an evaluat...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-017-0566-6
更新日期:2017-12-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although fecal hemoglobin concentration (f-Hb) was highly associated with the risk of colorectal neoplasms, current studies on this subject are hampered by skewedness of the data and the ordinal property of f-Hb has not been well studied yet. Our aim was to develop a quantile-based method to estimate adjuste...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-019-0812-1
更新日期:2019-05-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are difficult to diagnose early and have risk factors that are easy to overlook. Early prediction and personalization of treatment through the use of artificial intelligence (AI) may help clinicians and patients manage CVDs more effectively. However, to apply AI approaches to C...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-021-01392-2
更新日期:2021-01-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The District Health Information Software-2 (DHIS2) is widely used by countries for national-level aggregate reporting of health-data. To best leverage DHIS2 data for decision-making, countries need to ensure that data within their systems are of the highest quality. Comprehensive, systematic, and transparent...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12911-020-01315-7
更新日期:2020-11-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The use of routine hospital data for understanding patterns of adverse outcomes has been limited in the past by the fact that pre-existing and post-admission conditions have been indistinguishable. The use of a 'Present on Admission' (or POA) indicator to distinguish pre-existing or co-morbid conditions from...
journal_title:BMC medical informatics and decision making
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1472-6947-9-48
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00