Abstract：
:In this study, the concepts of decision theory have been applied to a clinical obstetric controversy--the management of the selected mature breech presentation. We have reviewed in detail the literature published since 1974 and estimated the probabilities of various outcomes after different treatment strategies. We conclude that a policy of selected vaginal delivery will result in four perinatal deaths for every 1000 patients delivered. A similar probability of neurologic handicap, at least until discharge from hospital, can also be attributed to this method of delivery. These unfavorable outcomes were reported less frequently in more recent reports covering the years since 1974. In these cases, the probability of fetal death due to a trial of vaginal delivery is approximately two in 1000. Cesarean section rates have risen, however, and 18-40% of trials of labor for breech presentation now result in "emergency" cesarean section. Decision analysis has demonstrated that a policy of elective cesarean section for all cases would not necessarily increase maternal mortality and morbidity. Thus the greater dangers of emergency compared with nonelective surgery may abolish the advantages of attempting a vaginal delivery. Depending on the relative dangers of elective and emergency cesarean section, planned delivery becomes the safer option when 16-30% of trials of vaginal breech delivery are unsuccessful. The strength and limitations of this probabilistic approach to the breech presentation are discussed in detail.
journal_name
Obstet Gynecoljournal_title
Obstetrics and gynecologyauthors
Bingham P,Lilford RJsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-06-01 00:00:00pages
965-78issue
6eissn
0029-7844issn
1873-233Xjournal_volume
69pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The purpose of the present retrospective study was to examine the relationship between hypertension and abruptio placentae. Two hundred sixty-five consecutive cases of abruption were reviewed, with an emphasis on the occurrence and severity of hypertensive disease. The results confirm a close relationship between abru...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A review of 540 patients evaluated by the Gynecologic Colposcopy Clinic for abnormal cervical cytology revealed that 372 (68.9%) had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), microinvasive carcinoma, or frank invasive carcinoma. The repeat cytologic smear taken before biopsy was falsely negative in 26.4%. An endocervi...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00006250-198309000-00016
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the relationships between clinical or histological chorioamnionitis and cerebral palsy using a meta-analysis approach. DATA SOURCES:A systematic review of the literature appeared in PubMed between 2000 and 2009 was conducted using the search terms "cerebral palsy" and "infection," with broad-scope...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181e90046
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individuals with Down syndrome have abnormally short long bones. Sonography has previously revealed slightly shortened femurs and thickened nuchal folds in affected second-trimester fetuses. Humeral and femoral lengths and nuchal folds were evaluated in 400 normal second-trimester controls and in 24 consecutive Down s...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00006250-199102000-00012
更新日期：1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To quantify the numbers of leukocytes in the normal cervix and relate these numbers to the diagnosis of cervicitis. METHODS:Isolated cell suspensions were prepared from cervical tissue recovered at hysterectomy from 37 women who had no obvious cervical disease. The percentages of CD45+ cells (leukocytes) in ...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00086-6
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate unintended pregnancies averted and the cost effectiveness of pharmacist prescription of hormonal contraception. METHODS:A decision-analytic model was developed to determine the cost effectiveness of expanding the scope of pharmacists to prescribe hormonal contraception compared with the standard ...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AOG.0000000000003265
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thirty-eight cases of nonimmune hydrops fetalis were evaluated by detailed real-time ultrasonography and two-dimensional echocardiography. Before ultrasound evaluation, all mothers had a complete blood count, titers for toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, and herpes (TORCH screen), serum albumin, and a Kleihauer-...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Traditional methods of exchange of research information may not be rapid enough, especially for international multicenter studies or when discussing controversial issues such as the value of fetal monitoring. The Internet is a useful tool that provides numerous opportunities for immediate communication withi...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0029-7844(99)00569-4
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Emergency contraception, also known as postcoital contraception, is therapy used to prevent pregnancy after an unprotected or inadequately protected act of sexual intercourse. Common indications for emergency contraception include contraceptive failure (eg, condom breakage or missed doses of oral contraceptives) and f...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/01.AOG.0000471179.25809.d8
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Delayed umbilical cord clamping appears to be beneficial for term and preterm infants. In term infants, delayed umbilical cord clamping increases hemoglobin levels at birth and improves iron stores in the first several months of life, which may have a favorable effect on developmental outcomes. There is a small increa...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,实务指引
doi：10.1097/AOG.0000000000001860
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The importance of a broad differential diagnosis is highlighted by a complex patient case. CASE:A young woman returned from her honeymoon complaining of activity-limiting pain. The evaluation revealed multiple constitutional symptoms, a breast mass, a large pelvic mass, pulmonary abnormalities, an external ...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/01.AOG.0000244102.38691.d3
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To explore the possibility of using histologic microvessel count of sections from the tumor to predict recurrence of stage Ib squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. METHODS:Tumor sections from 22 patients (11 patients free of disease after 3 years and 11 patients with recurrence) were stained histoimmunochem...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0029-7844(96)00039-7
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To establish the optimum oral daily dose of micronized medroxyprogesterone acetate, given in combination with a fixed oral dose of estrone (E1) sulfate as hormone replacement therapy, that provides endometrial protection and induces cessation of vaginal bleeding. METHODS:This multicenter, randomized, double-...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00038-6
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine whether resistance index values obtained by color Doppler ultrasound contribute to the accuracy in diagnosing ovarian malignancies. METHODS:Four hundred ten patients with ovarian neoplasms referred for color Doppler ultrasound evaluation were enrolled, excluding patients examined during the lute...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relation between bodily build and susceptibility to eclampsia has been controversial for nearly two centuries and the issue has been confused by modern studies of women with nonconvulsive hypertensive disorders in whom the diagnosis of preeclampsia is frequently erroneous. The present study is based upon 193 previ...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review summarizes the current evaluation and management of gestational trophoblastic disease, including evacuation of hydatidiform moles, surveillance after evacuation of hydatidiform mole and the diagnosis and management of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. Most women with gestational trophoblastic disease ca...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AOG.0000000000004240
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe causes, courses, complications, and outcomes of patients with pregnancy-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). METHODS:Twenty-eight women with ARDS during pregnancy or within a week postpartum formed the study population. Eight cases had been reported previously. Charts were abstra...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0029-7844(00)01231-x
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between gestational weight gain and perinatal outcome in women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS:This is a retrospective cohort study of women with nonanomalous singleton pregnancies with GDM enrolled in the Sweet Success California Diabetes and Pregnancy Program be...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AOG.0b013e31818b5dd9
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to determine the potential for chlorhexidine used as a vaginal and neonatal wash to reduce adverse outcomes of pregnancy, especially in developing countries. DATA SOURCES:We searched the English literature from January 1950 through October 2005 for all articles related to the use of chlorhe...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/01.AOG.0000215000.65665.dd
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eight gravidas with symptomatic polyhydramnios were managed with maternal indomethacin therapy. The mean gestational age at presentation was 28.6 +/- 3.5 weeks. Only patients requiring serial amniotic fluid decompressions for rapid amniotic fluid reaccumulation were enrolled in the study. An initial amniotic fluid dec...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a low-prevalence population for sexually transmitted disease, accurate methods of identifying Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections are of paramount importance. Tests with low sensitivity are of concern to each practitioner. Of no less concern, however, are the possible social and emotional consequences of a false-posit...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Complex wound failures are a source of significant morbidity and mortality. They are costly and time consuming to treat, and may evolve into chronic, debilitating conditions. Vacuum-assisted closure is a novel wound healing technique applying subatmospheric pressure to wounds to expedite healing. CASES:We r...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0029-7844(01)01752-5
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To characterize the use of cervical cerclage on a population basis. METHODS:This population-based study of U.S. natality records from 2005 to 2012 evaluated use of cerclage in singleton and multiple gestation live births. Obstetric, medical, and demographic characteristics were evaluated. A multivariable log...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/AOG.0000000000000930
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the United States, there is a widespread belief that the overall cesarean delivery rate is higher than necessary. Efforts are being directed toward decreasing the number of these procedures, in part by encouraging physicians to make changes in their management practices. Because breech presentations are associated ...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/AOG.0000000000001305
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine whether rupture of malignant ovarian epithelial tumors at the time of operation influences the patient's overall prognosis. METHODS:Between 1975 and 1990, 79 patients with stage I invasive epithelial ovarian cancer were treated at Massachusetts General Hospital. Patients were identified from the...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new method to replace fetal membranes that have prolapsed through an incompetent cervix, which includes overfilling of the urinary bladder, was successful in four consecutive patients who presented with this clinical entity. ...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cesarean delivery rate has quadrupled during the past two decades, resulting in considerable attention focused on alternatives to cesarean birth. One option, vaginal birth after one previous cesarean, has come to be recognized as an acceptable alternative to routine elective repeat cesarean delivery. The purpose o...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A double-blind prospective study of 99 patients undergoing vaginal and abdominal hysterectomy was performed at North Carolina Baptist Hospital of the Bowman Gray School of Medicine at Wake Forest University. The study indicated that low-dose intravenous carbenicillin begun preoperatively and continued for 24 hours res...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence-based medicine, the new practice paradigm, is rapidly replacing medicine by authority, the traditional paradigm. In 1993, we introduced evidence-based practice into our Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences at San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco. W...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0029-7844(95)00184-S
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To measure the contribution of genetic factors to selected pregnancy complications, including miscarriage, twinning, hypertension-toxemia, and nausea-vomiting. METHODS:Information on 22,241 pregnancies of 8675 female twins or spouses of male twins was obtained by questionnaire from members of the population-...
journal_title：Obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
