Abstract:
:The study included 309 HIV-infected pregnant women receiving a lamivudine-containing antiretroviral regimen from week 25 of gestational age until 6 months postpartum, during breastfeeding. Twenty-seven of them (8.7%) were hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) positive; at baseline, hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels >3 log(10) IU/mL (with a median level of 6.2 log(10) IU/mL) were found in 10 women, who at one, three and six months postpartum had median levels of 5.2 log(10) IU/mL, 4.5 log(10) IU/mL and 2.8 log(10) IU/mL, respectively. Twenty-four of the 30 breast milk samples evaluated had undetectable HBV DNA and the other six had values between 15 and 155 IU/mL. Median lamivudine concentrations were 1070 ng/mL in serum and 684 ng/mL in breast milk. Among the 24 HBV-exposed children with available samples, 16 always tested negative, four had a transient infection, one had an undetermined status and three (12.5%) first tested positive at Month 12 or Month 24. Among the children born to the HBV-uninfected mothers of the same cohort, the rate of HBsAg positivity at 12-24 months was 2% (4/196). Our finding of the absence of significative levels of HBV DNA in the breast milk of co-infected mothers supports the present recommendations for breastfeeding in HBV-infected women. Horizontal transmission can be hypothesized for the infections detected in children at 12-24 months. Children born to HBV-positive mothers remained at higher risk of postnatal HBV acquisition compared to those born to HBV-negative women.
journal_name
J Viral Hepatjournal_title
Journal of viral hepatitisauthors
Pirillo MF,Scarcella P,Andreotti M,Jere H,Buonomo E,Sagno JB,Amici R,Mancini MG,Leone P,Ceffa S,Mancinelli S,Marazzi MC,Vella S,Palombi L,Giuliano Mdoi
10.1111/jvh.12301subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-03-01 00:00:00pages
289-96issue
3eissn
1352-0504issn
1365-2893journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection induces a wide range of chronic liver injury. The mechanism by which HBV evades the immune surveillance system remains obscure. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) seem to be the major endogenous interferon (IFN)-alpha producers and represent one of the most important cell types in th...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2006.00819.x
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The treatment of hepatitis C is expensive, difficult and arduous from the patient's perspective. It is similarly difficult for the clinician to decide who and when to treat. If hepatitis C is viewed from the liver's perspective we need only treat those patients who will develop the complications of chronic liver disea...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2004.00573.x
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic cells (DCs) in chronic hepatitis C patients display impaired function, although the details remain unclear. To investigate the hepatitis C virus (HCV) protein that has the most impact on DC function, we compared five recombinant proteins and seven HCV protein genes in modulating DC phenotype and function. Im...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2009.01213.x
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, serum viral load is important in the prediction of therapeutic efficacy. However, factors that affect the viral load remain poorly understood. To identify viral genomic elements responsible for the viral load, we investigated samples from a population of Irish women who were iatro...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2005.00645.x
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Summary. Directly acting antiviral (DAA) agents are currently revolutionizing the treatment of chronic hepatitis C infection. The first generation of these agents have significant limitations including cost issues that are of particular concern in the developing world and a lack of efficacy in genotype 3 patients. Bo...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2012.01613.x
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) variants harbouring changes in the precore region. Most commonly, a G to A point mutation at nucleotide 1896 (m1896) creates a novel translation stop codon that prevents HBeAg production. In the Mediterranean reg...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2893.1998.00109.x
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A large number of studies have reported on spontaneous viral clearance rates in acute hepatitis C infection, however most have been small, and reported rates have varied quite widely. To improve the precision of the estimated rate of spontaneous viral clearance, a systematic review was conducted of longitudinal studie...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2005.00651.x
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with chronic hepatitis B (HBsAg-positive) are at risk of viral reactivation if rituximab is administered without antiviral treatment, a potentially fatal complication of treatment. Patients with so-called 'resolved hepatitis B virus infection' (HBsAg-negative/cAb-positive) may also be at risk. We performed a ...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/jvh.12402
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes mellitus has been reported to have an increased prevalence and to be associated with more severe fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C. We evaluated the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic hepatitis B or C as well as the possible association between presence of diabetes and extent...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2005.00677.x
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined whether triple therapy comprising amantadine (AMA), ribavirin (RBV) and either peginterferon (PEG-IFN) alpha-2a or conventional IFN alpha-2a would improve sustained virological response (SVR) rates over dual therapy with IFN alpha-2a and RBV in patients with chronic HCV infection. A total of 362 treatmen...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2005.00591.x
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical and experimental studies have demonstrated that connective-tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression is increased in fibrotic human liver and experimental animal models of liver fibrogenesis. CTGF has been linked to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) pathways in fibroproliferative diseases and specific p...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2009.01110.x
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circulating microRNAs (miRNA) have been intensely investigated as biomarkers in disease and therapy. Several studies have identified miR-122 as an important regulator of HCV replication. The effect of new therapies that directly target the HCV replication life cycle on circulating microRNA levels has not been elucidat...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/jvh.12470
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drug users with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are frequently co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1), but it is still not clear whether HIV-1 worsens the natural history of hepatitis C. To investigate this, we conducted a multicentre observational study in 163 drug addicts with histological...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2893.2000.00230.x
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virus-like particles encapsulating HBV-RNA represent a serum biomarker for assessing viral replication activity in clinical practice. However, baseline levels of serum HBV-RNA and their associations with viral replicative intermediates and liver disease in phases of chronic hepatitis B remain unknown. In this cross-se...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jvh.12908
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic non-A, non-B hepatitis (NANBH) is a common and often progressive liver disease. Based on current serological tests, hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is responsible for most cases. Interferon-alpha (IFN) treatment at a dose of 3 x 10(6) units given three times per week for 24 weeks has been shown to be effecti...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.1994.tb00062.x
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C reduces the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma, especially among virological and biochemical responders. However, little is known about the effect of interferon therapy on mortality. We studied the long-term effect of interferon therapy on mortality in patients with chronic hep...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2893.2003.00481.x
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) frequently coinfect and persist long after clinical resolution. We assessed the incidence of low-level (occult) HCV infection (OCI) after sustained virological response (SVR) to standard anti-HCV therapy in individuals with or without past exposure to HBV to recogniz...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2011.01442.x
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Portal hypertension and splenomegaly are common in patients with cirrhosis. However, there is limited previous in vivo research on the correlation between spleen stiffness and stages of liver fibrosis. This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of spleen stiffness measurement (SSM), using acoustic radiation for...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2012.01588.x
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessment and treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the community remains low. We evaluated factors associated with HCV specialist assessment and treatment in a cross-sectional study to evaluate treatment considerations in a sample of 634 participants with self-reported HCV infection in New South Wales, Australia....
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01370.x
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Women with chronic hepatitis B should maintain nucleotide analogue treatment to prevent disease progression during pregnancy. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of telbivudine used throughout pregnancy for preventing hepatitis B virus (HBV) mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). ...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jvh.12788
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::GB virus type C (GBV-C) is a member of the hepacivirus genus within the Flaviviradae. Persistent GBV-C infection is common in humans, yet it remains unclear if GBV-C causes any disease. Although GBV-C infection has been associated with acute non-A to non-E post-transfusion hepatitis, it does not appear to cause chroni...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2893.1999.00003.x
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the advent of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs), the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (CHC) has been revolutionized. Modern interferon- and potentially also ribavirin-free combinations consisting of 2 or 3 direct-acting antivirals (DAA) promise sustained virological response rates (SVR) of abo...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/jvh.12348
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Injecting behaviour in people who inject drugs is the main risk factor for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Psychosocial factors such as having a partner who injects drugs and living with other drug users have been associated with increases in injecting risk behaviour. This study aimed to investigate changes in inje...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jvh.13009
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed the efficacy of prolonged interferon-alpha (IFN) therapy in children with chronic hepatitis caused by hepatitis delta virus (HDV) by treating 26 paediatric cases with IFN-alpha 2b (5 MU m-2, then 3 MU m-2 three times weekly for 12 (medium-term group MTG) or 24 months (long-term group, LTG). Compliance and ...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.1996.tb00002.x
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Fas / Fas-ligand (FasL) system is an important death signal pathway in the liver. An enhanced local inflammatory response prompted by FasL expression, which contributes to neutrophil recruitment and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1beta) release, seems to be crucial to chronic liver damage, persistence of viral infections,...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2008.00974.x
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:SUMMARY:Both absolute viral load and log decline in viral load from baseline were found clinically useful in predicting sustained virological response and lack of sustained virological response (non-sustained virological response, NSVR) to treatment. We assessed the clinical utility of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA quant...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2005.00615.x
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advanced age and high hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level are risk factors associated with the development of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, little is known about the role of viral load in the carcinogenesis of HCC in young people. A total of 183 HBV-related HCC patients and 202 HBV carriers were t...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2893.2006.00780.x
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about engagement and retention in care of people diagnosed with chronic hepatitis C (HCV) in England. Establishing a cascade of care informs targeted interventions for improving case finding, referral, treatment uptake and retention in care. Using data from the sentinel surveillance of blood-borne viru...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jvh.12844
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have been approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, opening the door to highly effective interferon-free treatment regimens. Resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) have been reported both in treatment-naïve patients and following treatment wit...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jvh.12615
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) is a nuclear receptor that regulates gene expression of inflammatory mediators in liver injury. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) suppresses the PPAR gamma-mediated transactivation in liver cancerous cell lines. However, the role of PPAR gamma in patients with chroni...
journal_title:Journal of viral hepatitis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jvh.12048
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00