Abstract:
:The enantiomers of tocainide, a Class Ib antiarrhythmic agent, have recently been shown to exhibit differences in antiarrhythmic activity and pharmacokinetic characteristics. The present study examined the antiarrhythmic and electrophysiological effects of SR tocainide, S tocainide, and R tocainide on arrhythmias in a conscious canine arrhythmia model and compared the results with placebo. Using up to three extrastimuli, programmed electrical stimulation was performed in conscious dogs, 7-30 days after coronary artery ligation. Each treatment was assessed for its ability to abolish sustained ventricular tachycardia, prevent nonsustained ventricular tachycardia, and protect against death (ventricular fibrillation), in groups of six dogs. In the placebo group, arrhythmias in four of six dogs remained unchanged, and two dogs died. SR tocainide prevented the arrhythmia in three of six dogs (mean effective dose, 21.3 mg/kg), one remained unchanged, and two died. S tocainide prevented the arrhythmia in four of six dogs (mean effective dose, 7.1 mg/kg), one remained unchanged, and one died (p less than 0.05 compared with placebo). R tocainide prevented the arrhythmia in five of six dogs (mean effective dose, 9.0 mg/kg), one remained unchanged, and none died (p less than 0.01 compared with placebo). PR intervals, QRS durations, and corrected QT intervals were unaffected by any treatment and there was no change in effective or functional refractory periods. These results indicate that the enantiomers of tocainide are more effective than the racemic mixture in abolishing ventricular arrhythmias and in preventing death in this model; no additive antiarrhythmic effect occurs with the racemic mixture, and adverse effects may be potentiated.
journal_name
J Cardiovasc Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of cardiovascular pharmacologyauthors
Uprichard AC,Allen JD,Harron DWsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-02-01 00:00:00pages
235-41issue
2eissn
0160-2446issn
1533-4023journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The efficacy and safety of carvedilol, a beta-blocker with vasodilatory properties, were compared with that of hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) both at a once-daily dose of 25-50 mg in a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, multicenter study. Following a single-blind placebo phase of 3-6 weeks, 201 eligible patients (a...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelium-dependent vasodilation is reduced in the forearm of patients with essential hypertension. To evaluate whether endothelium-dependent vasodilation is also reduced in the skin microcirculation of patients with essential hypertension, we evaluated the effect of acetylcholine, an endothelium-dependent vasodilat...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199703000-00015
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abstract::Vasoconstrictor responses to intraluminal and extraluminal 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) were studied in isolated mesenteric resistance arteries of Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Third-order branches of mesenteric arteries were dissected free and mounted on glass cannulae in organ cha...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199108000-00015
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a potent stimulator of growth of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). VSMCs from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) show exaggerated growth and increasingly express PDGF A-chain messenger RNA (mRNA). To examine adenovirus-mediated transfer of a ribozyme targeting the PDGF ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200206000-00011
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an 8-week, double-blind, randomized, active-controlled, multicenter study with three parallel treatment groups, we compared the efficacy and safety of once-daily 20 mg quinapril plus 12.5 mg hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) with each drug as monotherapy in patients with moderate to severe hypertension. Hypertensive out-p...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00005344-199507000-00018
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This open, general practice study looked at the pharmacokinetics of ramipril over a period of 1 year in elderly (greater than 65 years) hypertensive patients. Ten patients with a diastolic blood pressure between 95 and 125 mm Hg were treated with 5 mg of ramipril daily for 4 weeks, followed by an additional 11 months ...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of SIN-1 were studied on isolated aortic rings and perfused hindquarters of the rat and were compared with the effects of nitroglycerin and endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) released by acetylcholine or histamine (aorta) and carbachol (hindquarters). SIN-1 relaxes rat aortic rings in a dose-depend...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coronary artery reperfusion established by thrombolytic agents early in the evolution of an acute myocardial infarction is known to result in the salvage of otherwise jeopardized heart muscle. Recently, experimental evidence has suggested that reactive products of oxygen are formed as a result of reperfusion and can i...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198808000-00009
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199203000-00005
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We established a real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) system for the analysis of rat endothelin-1 (ET-1) and vasoactive intestinal contractor (VIC)/ET-2 gene expression. We used this technique to examine the expression levels in rat in 16 different organs. ET-1 gene expressio...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200036051-00004
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198706107-00020
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199912000-00003
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To clarify the characteristics of KC-399, a newly synthesized potassium channel opener, we investigated the effects of KC-399 and lemakalim on the contractions induced by norepinephrine (NE 1 microM) and K+ (30 and 90 mM) and on 86Rb efflux in rat thoracic aorta. KC-399 (0.01-10 nM) and lemakalim (0.001-10 microM) ind...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to investigate the putative role of endothelin (ET) in mediating ischemia/hypoxia-induced ANP release utilizing exogenous ET-1 or ET receptor antagonists (BQ-123 or Bosentan). Isolated rat hearts with non-distended atria were perfused using a Langendorff apparatus and heart rate mainta...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::CGS 26303 has previously been shown to inhibit human endothelin converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1) with an IC50 of 410 nM and to be efficacious in several animal disease models. However, it is a more potent inhibitor of neutral endopeptidase 24.11 (NEP) with an IC50 of 1 nM. The aim of this study was to optimize CGS 26303 fo...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200036051-00014
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hemodynamic effects of tetramethylpyrazine were examined in 27 anesthetized open chest dogs with electromagnetic flowmeter probes on the left circumflex coronary artery and ascending aorta. Tetramethylpyrazine, 2-15 mg/kg i.v., caused prominent systemic and coronary vasodilation, with a maximum reduction of mean a...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-198509000-00005
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-199009000-00008
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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abstract::It has been proposed that cholinergic agonists inhibit the sinoatrial node discharge by shifting the activation range of the hyperpolarization-activated inward current If to more negative values or by increasing potassium conductance. In the former instance, cesium will potentiate the cholinergic inhibition by blockin...
journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005344-200102000-00005
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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doi:10.1097/00005344-199002000-00021
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Journal of cardiovascular pharmacology
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更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00