Abstract:
:Aging skeletal muscle exhibits decreases in muscle mass and force and changes in contractile properties. The effects of aging on the physiological characteristics of skeletal muscle are fiber type specific. This review describes the aging process in skeletal muscle; specifically, the effects of aging on the biochemical, morphological, and physiological characteristics of type I (slow-twitch) fibers and type II (fast-twitch) fibers. The effects of training on specific fiber types are also reviewed. The age-related decrease in maximum isometric force may be due, in part, to a decline in muscle mass. Decreases in muscle mass appear to occur in weight-bearing muscles and are most marked in those with a high proportion of type II fibers. The age-related fiber atrophy contributes to the decline in muscle mass. The decline in fiber size is prominent in type II fibers, whereas type I fibers are less affected. The age-related prolongation in isometric twitch properties may be due, in part, to alteration in the capacity of the sarcoplasmic reticulum for calcium release and recapture. Resistance and endurance training appear to attenuate the age-related alterations in skeletal muscle properties if the stimulus is of a sufficient intensity and duration.
journal_name
Phys Therjournal_title
Physical therapyauthors
Thompson LVdoi
10.1093/ptj/74.1.71subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-01-01 00:00:00pages
71-81issue
1eissn
0031-9023issn
1538-6724journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
PHYSICAL THERAPY文献大全abstract::Following a discussion of the motor deficits commonly associated with Down's syndrome, a transdisciplinary developmental therapy model is proposed for use with infants with Down's syndrome. The model includes components from various existing intervention programs for infants as well as some current therapeutic appraoc...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/60.4.420
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Physical therapists routinely identify and manage adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis. Therefore, it is essential that we maintain a current understanding of both the condition and the treatment principles. This paper includes both a discussion of the personal impact on those left untreated and a review of current c...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/ptj/63.4.512
更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to compare the Gross Motor Function Measure (GMFM) and the Peabody Developmental Gross Motor Scale (PDMS-GM) as measures of change in infants with cerebr-al palsy (CP) and infants with motor delays. We hypothesized that mean change scores would be greater for the GMF...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/78.10.1062
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is a lack of standardized mobility measures specific to the long-term care (LTC) population. Therefore, the Continuing Care Activity Measure (CCAM) was developed. OBJECTIVE:This study determined levels of reliability, validity for clinical utilization, and sensitivity to change of this measure. DESIG...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2522/ptj.20080287
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The protractor method is a proposed clinical assessment tool, the first to measure vertical scapular position, that directly compares scapular and spinal landmarks. This tool has the potential to reliably and accurately measure excessive scapular elevation or depression. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study ...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2522/ptj.20150144
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spasticity, seen so frequently in clinical situations, presents motor signs resembling those produced experimentally by transecting the brain stem of a cat at the intercollicular level. This paper reviews experimental results which elucidate the roles of different brain regions in the genesis of classical decerebrate ...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/ptj/57.4.371
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::I examined the isokinetic knee extension torque (KET) produced by the paretic and nonparetic lower limbs of 27 stroke patients, with hemiparesis, at knee extension velocities (KEVs) of 30 degrees, 60 degrees, 120 degrees, and 180 degrees/sec. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the relative decreases in...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/67.8.1218
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to describe the instructional styles of physical therapy faculty in basic professional programs in the United States in the academic year 1977-78. The Instructional Styles Inventory of Canfield and Canfield was used to test 311 respondents (61% of the total basic preparation faculty membe...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/60.10.1277
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) introduced functional limitation reporting (FLR) to capture patient progress in functional status in outpatient rehabilitation settings. FLR along with the severity modifier (SM) measure the effectiveness of the rehabilitation services at the physical therap...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/pzy104
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Evidence suggests that individuals with early and mid-stage Parkinson disease (PD) have diminished range of motion (ROM). Spinal ROM influences the ability to function. In this investigation, the authors examined available spinal ROM, segmental excursions (the ROM used) during reaching, and their...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/81.8.1400
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to determine whether subjects with asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis and occlusion demonstrate deficits in physical performance compared with a comparison group. These deficits may indicate that a person is demonstrating preclinical disability. SUBJECTS:Seventy-o...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The interpretation of the results of previous anti-osteoporosis interventions after spinal cord injury (SCI) is undermined by incomplete information about the intervention dose or patient adherence to dose requirements. Rehabilitation research as a whole traditionally has struggled with these sam...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2522/ptj.20070224
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of our study was to obtain information that would help align instruction in a clinical orthopedic medicine course for physical therapy students with the current practice of physical therapists. We sent a questionnaire concerning treatment of orthopedic conditions to 3,000 physical therapists. Of the 1,804 ...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/66.1.66
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 2013 House of Delegates of the American Physical Therapy Association adopted a vision statement that addresses the role of physical therapy in transforming society through optimizing movement. The accompanying guidelines address the movement system as key to achieving this vision. The profession has incorporated m...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2522/ptj.20130319
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forty-nine adults who had undergone cardiopulmonary bypass surgery were randomly assigned to one of three exercise programs to determine if either maximal inspiratory breathing exercises or incentive spirometry offered a therapeutic advantage over early mobilization alone. After extubation, the patients started their ...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/ptj/63.5.655
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A brief history oa quality assurance efforts preceding the Professional Standards Review Organization law is presented. The goals of the legislation and its requirements and procedures are discussed. Particular emphasis is placed on the PSRO requirements for short-stay hospital review which is the area where PSRO effo...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/55.12.1315
更新日期:1975-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the relationship between inherent muscle length and torque production in 59 healthy women. We recorded nondominant ankle range-of-motion values for each subject. These values were partitioned into quartiles for two knee positions. Women with "loose" plantar flexor muscles comprised the first qu...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/67.8.1191
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two methods of inversion therapy and four common exercise positions on the shape of the low back. We studied 25 healthy subjects in six exercise positions: 1) inverted with lower limbs extended (ILLE), 2) standing, 3) supine, 4) inverted with lower limbs flexed (...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/68.1.60
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to describe the relationships among measurements of torque produced during selected maximal voluntary contractions of the quadriceps femoris muscles. SUBJECTS:Twenty nondisabled women, ranging in age from 21 to 33 years (X = 25, SD = 3.5), volunteered to participate...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/74.7.674
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neural networks in the spinal cord, referred to as "central pattern generators" (CPGs), are capable of producing rhythmic movements, such as swimming, walking, and hopping, even when isolated from the brain and sensory inputs. This article reviews the evidence for CPGs governing locomotion and addresses other factors,...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/ptj/82.1.69
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purposes of this investigation of patients with stroke were to 1) determine and compare shoulder lateral rotation range of motion (SLRROM) measured at the threshold of pain on the paretic and nonparetic sides; 2) establish the intrarater and interrater reliability of the measurements; and 3) determine the relation...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/69.9.768
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bones are the third most common site for cancer metastases, and the axial skeleton is the most frequent skeletal location. In a postmortem study, bone metastases were reported in 70% of breast and prostate cancer patients. Bone metastases from breast, lung, prostate, thyroid, and kidney cancers account for 80% of all ...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/pzz178
更新日期:2020-03-10 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to determine the MCIDs for the numerical pain rating scale (NPRS), peak cough flow (PCF), peak expiratory flow (PEF), fatigue severity scale (FSS), and London chest activities of daily living scale (LCADL) in patients with SCI after rehabilitation. METHODS:Inpatients with SCI ...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/pzaa210
更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Infants with Down syndrome (DS) have delayed walking and produce less-coordinated walking patterns. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate whether 2 treadmill interventions would have different influences on the development of joint kinematic patterns in infants with DS. DESIGN:Thirty infants w...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2522/ptj.20090281
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to illustrate the adaptability and use of work sampling, an industrial engineering technique, as a dependable method for collecting personnel utilization data in the physical therapy department of a general hospital and to demonstrate the concept of work sampling to physical therapy super...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/63.7.1108
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Somatosensory as well as mental impairments are easily overlooked after acute stroke. Furthermore, their associations with activity limitations are not fully understood. The purpose of this study was to examine this association and whether the assessment of somatosensory functions will provide in...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2522/ptj.20060349
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although the physical therapist profession is the leading established, largely nonpharmacological health profession in the world and is committed to health promotion and noncommunicable disease (NCD) prevention, these have yet to be designated as core physical therapist competencies. Based on findings of 3 Physical Th...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/ptj/pzz087
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent evidence suggests that childhood obesity is increasing in children with typical development (TD) and in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The associations between physical activity (PA) levels and physical fitness components have not yet been objectively examined in this population but ma...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2522/ptj.20140353
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:For children with cerebral palsy (CP) who are able to walk or run, the 10-m shuttle run test is currently the test of choice to assess cardiorespiratory fitness. This test, however, has not yet been examined in wheelchair-using youth with CP. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to investigate the test-r...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2522/ptj.20120513
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder of older persons that eventually leads to disability. It is characterized by tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability. Progressive stages can be identified, each with unique problems. The optimal management of Parkinson's disease requires multiple pro...
journal_title:Physical therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/ptj/75.5.363
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00