Abstract：
:The accelerated expansion of the knowledge of genetic and molecular basics of cancer, together with the recent development of molecular biology techniques, have had a significant impact in the field of oncology, among other medical disciplines. So, over the last few years, we are crossing from an empiricism-based model to an evidence-based model in which drugs are adapted depending of the molecular alterations which result crucial for tumor development (both for carcinogenesis and acquisition of an aggressive phenotype leading to tumor invasion and resistance to therapy). The molecular alterations /variations offer the possibility of being detected and used as biomarkers in clinical practice. Biomarkers may have multiple applications in the field of oncology, from determining the risk to suffer the disease to prediction of response to therapy, including diagnosis, prognosis and disease monitoring, with the final aim of performing a more personalized medicine and achieving greater efficacy for the therapies selected, diminishing each therapy's own adverse events. Considering the importance biomarkers may get to have in clinical decision making, it is basic that their development is performed under straight evaluation and validation rules. In this article we review the various types of biomarkers and the basic methodological principles for their development, validation and subsequent clinical application.
journal_name
Arch Esp Uroljournal_title
Archivos espanoles de urologiaauthors
Seijas R,Herranz J,Malats Nsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-06-01 00:00:00pages
423-31issue
5eissn
0004-0614issn
1576-8260journal_volume
66pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：OBJECTIVE:To compare the characteristics, clinical course, and survival of pairs of renal grafts from the same donor, with special interest in cold ischemia times (CIT) as a risk factor for graft survival. METHODS:We retrospectively reviewed paired grafts originating from the same cadaver donor from our prospectively ...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine the type and to quantify the DURR phenomena in the male. METHODS:We conducted a clinical and urodynamic study in 31 male patients with functional lower urinary tract symptoms. RESULTS:DURR is produced by two types of mechanisms: urethral rigidity and contraction of the urethral wall. The patie...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To study the clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic features of upper urinary tract tumors. METHODS:We perform a retrospective study of upper urinary tract tumors treated in our Department at Clinica La Luz Madrid between 1995 and 2008. RESULTS:We treated 42 tumors in 40 patients. Mean age was 64 years; the...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.4321/s0004-06142009000500004
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Two additional cases of signet-ring cell adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder, an uncommon highly malignant tumor type, are described. METHODS/RESULTS:The clinical features, histopathological findings and immunohistochemical study are presented. CONCLUSIONS:Both cases previously had cystic glandular cysti...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical stage I testicular nonseminomatous germ cell tumours (NSGCT) are highly curable. Following orchidectomy a risk-adapted approach using active surveillance (AS), nerve sparing retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (nsRPLND) and primary chemotherapy is recommended by the current guidelines. CS I is defined neg...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To describe an additional case of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. METHODS/RESULTS:A 56-year-old man consulted for abdominal pain and previous symptoms of intermittent claudication. A CT scan disclosed a retroperitoneal mass, for which reason the patient was submitted to surgery. Analysis of the biopsy s...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To present the data obtained from surgical specimens and biopsies of residual prostate and prostatic capsule, which in addition to the information provided by imaging tests give us the baseline situation of the prostatic surgical bed and residual prostate after transcervical hemostatic adenomectomy with caps...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.4321/s0004-06142007000900003
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Intravenous urography (IVU) has been classically considered as an essential examination in the great majority of urologic diseases due to the great amount of information that supplies both functional and morphological, mainly for ureteral abnormalities where other exams do not reach enough definition. Nevert...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To report our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of the lower urinary tract obstruction after urinary incontinence corrective surgery, analysing the different techniques performed, retropubic or vaginal urethrolysis. METHODS:We report a series of 14 patients with the diagnosis of obstruction after in...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients on anticoagulant therapy may develop urologic complications, the most common being hematuria. Other less common but more severe complications are spontaneous hemorrhage arising from urological structures, as spontaneous perirenal hematoma, or from extra-urological structures, such as the iliac psoas muscle or...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is currently no existing methodology for evaluating normal exocrine function in the healthy rat. Consequently, most of the experimental studies that have been conducted are incomplete. For this reason, we developed an experimental model to investigate the testicular exocrine function using spermatozoa obtained f...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Recently, intraoperative floppy-iris syndrome (IFIS) has been related to tamsulosin treatment. This review evaluates the epidemiological evidence of the association of tamsulosin with IFIS and the necessity of a prior ophthalmolo-gic examination in this group of patients. METHOD:Systematic review of the lite...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.4321/s0004-06142008000800008
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To analyze the management of prenatal urinoma and ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) postnatally by a case report and literature review. METHODS:We report a case of an UPJO and urinoma in a newborn. After birth, renal function was absent, and nephrectomy was performed. The literature from 1985 to date...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although the most frequent tumor of the male genitourinary system is cancer of the prostate, epidemiological studies on this tumor are uncommon in our setting. This study attempts to record the number of patients who were diagnosed as having prostatic cancer at La Paz Hospital (Madrid) during 1981-1987 and to determin...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis for prevention of urinary infections and renal parenchymal damage in children with primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). METHODS/RESULTS:A search based on MEDLINE and The Cochrane Library was performed selecting those clinical trials and meta-analysis which co...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.4321/s0004-06142008000200018
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To review our series of hypospadias. The incidence of the different types of hypospadias and the complication rates according to the different surgical techniques and materials utilized are analyzed. METHODS:We reviewed our series of 130 patients with hypospadias who underwent surgical correction at the Depa...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tuberculosis stricture of the ureter is a process that may lead to loss of renal function if undiagnosed and untreated at the right time. Currently, tuberculostatic agents combined with steroids, and the possibility of recurring to endourological treatment, achieve a high success rate. Our experience with 4 cases is d...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The advances of minimally invasive surgery in urology over the last years have enabled a progressive and constant implementation of endourology and laparoscopy in pediatric patients. We perform a review of our experience, as a general hospital, with minimally invasive surgery performed in pediatric patients ...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the near future molecular biology will permit selection of patients with bladder cancer who can benefit more from radiotherapy and chemotherapy. There will also be an increase in the response rate due to the possibility of regulating the genes responsible for cellular radiosensitivity. ...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Holmium laser has been established asthe gold-standard for the ureteroscopic management of urinary stone disease. However the role of laser inpercutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) varies, as multiple energy sources and lithotripters are available. Currently, lasers are becoming more relevant with the development of seve...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:After the death of Professor Francisco Romero Aguirre (Zaragoza 6/7/1918-6/28/2006) we want to make known his great teaching vocation, so that we covered his link with University from the start of his studies to his professorship as first professor in urology in the Spanish University (1961), and his work at...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The objective of this work is to evaluate the current role of conventional transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy of the prostate in the diagnosis of cancer. With this aim we review its indications, the various techniques, associated complications and limitations of this test. METHODS:We performed a bibliogra...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To report a case of prostate lymphoma and a brief review of the literature. METHODS/RESULTS:A 70 year-old mele patient was referred to the Urology departament with a clinical picture of prostatism, with acute urinary retention (AUR). Surgery with retropubic prostatectomy was performed, and pathology revealed...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.4321/s0004-06142006000500015
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To report on a patient who underwent surgery for renal carcinoma at the age of 12 years and who is alive and symptom-free after 22 years. METHODS:A 34-year-old female who underwent surgery for a right renal tumor when she was 12 is described. The histological analysis demonstrated renal adenocarcinoma. To da...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Renal cell carcinoma is constantly associated with calcification, but ossification is extremely scarce. METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed two cases with clear cell renal cell carcinoma with osseous metaplasia. RESULTS: We criticized the oldest case of woman whose a 32x31mm irregular renal mass with calcific...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To present a case of inflammatory pseudotumor of the urinary bladder, with special reference to the differential diagnosis. METHODS/RESULTS:A 26-year-old patient with a history of gross hematuria and voiding syndrome underwent partial cystectomy for a bladder tumor. Pathological analysis disclosed an inflamm...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Dorsal urethroplasty as described by Barbagli has gained wide acceptance in the treatment of urethral stricture, given the simplification afforded by obtaining a free graft versus a flap. We present a series of 50 patients treated in our department of urethral stricture by dorsal onlay free graft urethroplas...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To analyze the information provided by computed tomography (CT) in Fournier's gangrene, particularly in regard to the early diagnosis of the disease, and its utility as a complementary diagnostic imaging technique. METHODS:A retrospective study identified five cases of Fournier's gangrene. These patients had...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To report our experience with one case of penile silicone granuloma, that has clinical interest for its unfrequent presentation. METHODS/RESULTS:We report the case of a patient with sexual dysfunction secondary to subcutaneous injection of liquid silicone in the penis resulting in a penile granuloma and mig...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.4321/s0004-06142005000500013
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：SUMMARY OBJECTIVES:Case report of a mature cystic teratoma (dermoid cyst), pseudopilomatrixoma like variant. METHOD:53-year old patient with a left testicular mass, diagnosed as mature cystic teratoma of the testis(dermoid cyst), the pilomatrixoma-like variant, after radical orchiectomy. Tumoral markers were negative ...
journal_title：Archivos espanoles de urologia
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.4321/s0004-06142009000900011
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
