Abstract：
:During a 10-year period (December 1984 to December 1994), 1500 cases of frostbite were treated at a tertiary care medical facility. They were all males with their ages ranging from 17 to 43 years. All the patients sustained the frostbite injury in the northeastern part of Pakistan known as the Karakoram range of mountains. They included a large number of porters and guides employed by various mountaineering expeditions (approximately 250-300 expeditions per year) in that region, as well as local inhabitants. This retrospective study included the heights at which frostbite occurred (range 11,000-22,000 feet above sea level). Of the patients, 15% (n = 225) got frostbitten within 1 h of exposure, whereas the majority (71%) had an exposure of 1-3 h. The effect of seasonal variations (relative hypothermia) on the extent and depth (degree) of frostbite and the distribution of lesions as per body surface subunits (areas) was noted and found to be statistically significant with P < 0.05 for both. The occurrence of frostbite at various heights showed a very steep upward curve beyond a height of 17,000 feet above sea level. This has been termed the 'cut-off' point for frostbite by the authors, the increase depicting the true picture of 'high altitude frostbite'. Tobacco smoking and peripheral vascular disease were found to be important contributing factors. The feet were involved most frequently (64%) followed by the hands (32%), the head and neck region (3%) and the perineum (1%). Independent effects of the height (relative hypoxia) on the depth of frostbite lesion (degree) and on the involvement of multiple body areas (surface subunits) showed significant correlation with P values well below 0.05 for each. Of cases, 92% (n = 1386) had second- or third-degree frostbite necessitating definitive surgical intervention. Total frostbite-related mortality spanned over 10 years was 11%.
journal_name
Ann R Coll Surg Engljournal_title
Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of Englandauthors
Hashmi MA,Rashid M,Haleem A,Bokhari SA,Hussain Tsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-03-01 00:00:00pages
91-5issue
2eissn
0035-8843issn
1478-7083journal_volume
80pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Two years individual experience of spine and joint tuberculosis in the North West Frontier of Pakistan is summarised. The problems of treating a population that presents late in the course of the disease, and of coping with an added influx of highly affected Afghans, feature prominently in surgical practice. ...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Hip fractures are common injuries in elderly patients presenting to the trauma surgeon. Mortality following such injuries approaches 10% at one month, rising to 30% at one year. Of those who survive, most experience a decrease in mobility and independence. The authors believe that the general public are no...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1308/003588411X12851639107034
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tailgut cysts are rare benign retrorectal cysts arising from persistent remnants of an embryonic hindgut. Malignant transformation inside this lesion is very uncommon and occurrence of neuroendocrine tumours in this context is extremely rare. We report the case of a 56-year-old woman who underwent surgical excision of...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1308/rcsann.2016.0362
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In cases where surgeons face litigation over operative misadventure, the result of a trial is uncertain. In order to identify factors in cases of surgical litigation that have influenced the final decision of the courts, we have previously reviewed reported cases where the outcome turned on actions taken by surgeons. ...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1308/003588414X14055925060992
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mean anaesthetic, surgical and turnover times were used to predict finishing times for elective general surgical operating lists. A predicted early finish was correct in 70 per cent, a predicted on-time finish in 19 per cent, and a predicted late finish in 56 per cent. Overall, predictions of an early or late finish h...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The equivalence of breast-conserving surgery followed by postoperative radiotherapy against mastectomy is now firmly established in patients with early breast cancer. The results of surgery in large-breasted women can be poor, with radiation-induced fibrosis, chronic pain and poor cosmesis contributing to ...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1308/003588413X13511609958091
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:INTRODUCTION In our regional spinal injuries unit, complex pressure ulcer reconstruction is facilitated by a monthly multidisciplinary team clinic. This study reviews a series of the more complex of these patients who underwent surgery as a joint case between plastics and other surgical specialties, aiming to provide ...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1308/rcsann.2016.0227
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spondylodiscitis is often iatrogenic in nature. We report the case of a 69-year-old man presenting with spondylodiscitis and associated epidural abscess following transrectal ultrasonography guided prostate biopsy despite ciprofloxacin cover. To our knowledge, this is the first case of spondylodiscitis secondary to fl...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1308/003588415X14181254790563
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recording of medical data has developed from crude non-specific classifications to complex systems tailor-made for individual practices. The development of the Read Clinical Classification has produced a complex classification which is user friendly and covers the whole of medicine. The classification allows uniqu...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Surgical practice must be driven by wise professional judgements, involving complex deliberation, in the interests of ensuring the safe care of patients. Large amounts of energy are now being concentrated in training doctors in skills (competencies) in the belief that this will reduce risk to patients. Little thought ...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type：
doi：10.1308/003588405X51164
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:In 2006 the National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death undertook a large prospective study of trauma care, which revealed several findings pertaining to the management of head injuries in a sample of 493 patients. METHODS:Case note data were collected for all trauma patients admitted to ...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1308/003588413X13511609956813
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intact parathyroid hormone (PTHi) has a relatively short half-life and levels fall significantly within 15 min of the successful excision of all the abnormal parathyroid glands during surgery for hyperparathyroidism. Monitoring this fall has been suggested as useful in decreasing the failure rate of neck explorations ...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report a 91% accuracy with fine needle aspiration cytology in 46 patients found to have a mass in the pancreas at laparotomy. Results were compared with conventional biopsy at operation which was accurate in only 56% of an earlier group of 48 patients with a localised mass compared with 97% in 33 patients with diss...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Introducing laparoscopic colorectal surgery is a challenge to the whole surgical team. It is usual for an assistant to hold the laparoscope and be responsible for the surgeon's view of the operative field and a lack of expertise in the assistant can add significant difficulties. The EndoAssist is a robotic...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1308/003588409X392162
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This case report details an unusual, but preventable, error in surgical site marking. ...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1308/147870809X400859
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the recent Falklands campaign four Army Field Surgical Teams were deployed in the two phases of the war. They functioned as Advanced Surgical Centres and operated on 233 casualties. There were 3 deaths. The patterns of wounding and the methods of casualty management are discussed and compared with other recent camp...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new jig is described which enables the technique for abdominal aortic aneurysm to be taught and practiced as it is performed by arterial surgeons at the present time. The aneurysm jig enables a plastic simulated aortic aneurysm to be opened as at operation to allow the inlaying of a Dacron tube sutured into place wi...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gastric tube conduit is the method of choice for restoring continuity of the digestive track after a partial or total esophagectomy. Redundant gastric conduit (i.e. an elongated, floppy conduit) is a rare cause of dysphagia in patients with long survival. Gastric tube volvulus is exceedingly rare with only three cases...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1308/rcsann.2018.0146
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A questionnaire survey of general surgeons was undertaken to estimate the incidence of abdominal adhesions as a clinical problem and to establish current attitudes to the treatment of adhesional bowel obstruction and the prevention of adhesion formation. Replies were received from 362 of 416 surgeons (response rate 87...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oesophageal stent migration is a recognised complication; however, few present distal to the stomach causing obstruction. To date, this has never been reported as occurring later than 2 years after insertion. An 84-year-old woman presented with small bowel obstruction secondary to a fractured migrated metallic oesopha...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1308/147870810X12699662981078
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Enhanced recovery programmes (ErPs) are increasingly being used for arthroplasty. One of the core aims of an ErP is to improve the quality of patient experience. However, there is currently no published evaluation of patient satisfaction in relation to this new programme of care within orthopaedic surgery....
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1308/003588413x13781990150293
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of 12 femoral herniae in children is presented. Nine were misdiagnosed, eight as inguinal hernia. Nine were reducible. The sex incidence, M:F was 7:5 and nine presented between the ages of 8 and 10 years. One presented as intestinal obstruction due to a Richter's hernia and two had had a previous ipsilateral ...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Surgeons and physicians encounter blood transfusions on a daily basis but a robust evidence-based strategy on indications and timing of transfusion in asymptomatic anaemic patients is yet to be determined. For judicious use of blood products, the risks inherent to packed red blood cells, the patient's co-m...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1308/rcsann.2015.0047
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The outcome of loop ileostomy closure was evaluated in 40 patients who had previously undergone restorative proctocolectomy. A standard operative technique was used which incorporated a circumstomal incision, non-resectional reconstruction and primary skin closure. Thirty-six patients (90%) enjoyed an uncomplicated re...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Most women who have screening mammography and undergo subsequent open biopsy following an indeterminate core biopsy result are eventually found to have benign disease. However, a significant number have malignant disease and the rate of malignancy in such cases may be influenced by various factors. This s...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1308/003588412X13171221498460
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spontaneous cervical lymphocoeles are extremely rare. Their surgical management can pose many challenges with the lack of clear surgical planes potentiating risks. We present the case of a patient with an extensive right-sided cervical lymphocoele. Surgical excision would have involved extensive surgery with risk to ...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1308/003588412X13171221500826
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new definition of the iliotibial tract is made. Its anatomical and physical characteristics are summarised and its known functions discussed. The various postures adopted by standing Man are looked at and one resting posture is closely analysed. Hence a new role is proposed for the iliotibial tract. In the hip bone ...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Minimally-invasive, video-assisted thyroidectomy (MIVAT) was developed to reduce scarring/trauma associated with cervical incisions used in open thyroidectomy. Results from various centres have been published internationally but none from the UK. This study reports the first results from the UK and compare...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,评审
doi：10.1308/003588410X12628812459977
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The main barriers to short stay thyroidectomy are haemorrhage, bilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy causing respiratory compromise and hypocalcaemia. This study assessed the safety and effectiveness of thyroidectomy as a 23-hour stay procedure. METHODS:All patients undergoing total or completion thyr...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1308/003588414X13814021679997
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Total colectomy, mucosal proctectomy and ileal pouch formation has been carried out in 18 patients over a 4 year period. The rectum was divided 5 cm above the anorectal junction and a J-shaped ileal pouch was formed with a 15 cm limb. Two patients had an initial colectomy for toxic dilatation of the colon and mucosal ...
journal_title：Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
