Abstract：
:A multicenter clinical trial of the thrombin inhibitor argatroban (Novastan; Texas Biotechnology, Houston, TX; Smith-Kline Beecham Pharmaceuticals, Philadelphia, PA) was recently conducted in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and HIT that had progressed to thrombosis (HITTS). In patients defined by the inclusion/exclusion criteria, the utility of three diagnostic HIT assays was investigated: the platelet aggregation assay, the serotonin release assay (SRA), and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the antibody to the heparin-platelet factor 4 (H-PF4) complex. Confirmation was made in 26%, 55%, and 64% of the patients, respectively (n = 199 patients; 512 to 606 samples; P < .001 platelet aggregation assay v SRA v ELISA). Patients who progressed to HITTS (n = 98) were more often confirmed than were HIT patients without associated thrombosis (n = 101) (P < .05). Confirmation by platelet aggregation assay and SRA results generally was associated with a higher antibody titer. However, a minimum critical titer could not be identified, because all patterns of positive and negative results by the platelet aggregation assay, SRA, and ELISA were observed, and clinically ill patients had a wide range of antibody titers. Over a 30-day period, the percentage of positive responses did not change. Although multiple testing over several days enhanced the chance of confirmation, this difference was not significant. Combined results of the three assays enhanced the positive response to 83% of the total population (P < .005). These data demonstrate that there is no direct correlation between the positive response of these assays, and that clinically positive HIT patients can be missed by all three assays. With these limitations, the combination of platelet aggregation assay, SRA, and ELISA testing with multiple samples offers the best chance of confirming a positive HIT patient. Caution is advised, however, in interpreting all assay results, as no assay is optimal.
journal_name
Semin Hematoljournal_title
Seminars in hematologyauthors
Walenga JM,Jeske WP,Wood JJ,Ahmad S,Lewis BE,Bakhos Msubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-01-01 00:00:00pages
22-8issue
1 Suppl 1eissn
0037-1963issn
1532-8686journal_volume
36pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究abstract：:Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) or inflammation may be secondary to infections, autoimmune disorders, chronic renal failure, or malignancies. It is characterized by an immune activation with an increase in inflammatory cytokines and resultant increase in hepcidin levels. In addition, inappropriate erythropoietin level...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2013.06.006
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytogenetic data suggest that acute myeloid leukemia (AML) develops through a process of branching evolution, especially during relapse and progression. Recent genomic data from AML cases using digital sequencing, temporal comparisons, xenograft cloning, and single-cell analysis indicate that most, if not all, AML cas...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2014.08.004
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Psoralens plus ultraviolet A (UVA) light inactivate viruses and bacteria as well as leukocytes. A system employing the synthetic psoralen compound amotosalen hydrochloride (S-59), in combination with UVA light, is being developed to decontaminate platelet concentrates and plasma in a blood-bank setting. S-59 is a hete...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0037-1963(01)90118-0
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An immune hemolytic anemia occurs in a few patients in whom the concentration of antibody on the red cell is below the level for detection by the usual antiglobulin test. Clinically, these patients are identical to patients with warm type Coombs-positive hemolytic anemia, except for the quantity of antibody on the cel...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) comprises a group of incurable, generally slow-growing lymphomas highly responsive to initial therapy, with a relapsing and progressive course. Rituximab, an anti-CD20 antibody, has had a large impact on the treatment of indolent NHL. Its effectiveness as a single agent and in conju...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2010.01.003
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hemangiomas and lymphangiomas are two main types of angiomatous disease that occur most commonly in infancy and childhood. Most hemangiomas resolve spontaneously, but some endanger vital structures such as the lung, as in pulmonary hemangiomatosis, a rare and universally fatal disease. Occasionally, hemangiomatous les...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In early studies, recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has been found to reduce the depth and duration of granulocytopenia in the settings of cancer chemotherapy and autologous bone marrow transplantation. In patients with myelodysplastic syndrome or aplastic anemia. GM-CSF has p...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of human disorders, dubbed ribosomopathies, are linked to impaired ribosome biogenesis or function. These include but are not limited to Diamond Blackfan anemia (DBA), Shwachman Diamond syndrome (SDS), and the 5q- myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). This review focuses on the latter two non-DBA disorders of ribos...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2011.01.002
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Imatinib mesylate (Gleevec, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp, East Hanover, NJ; Glivec, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland), a signal transduction inhibitor with preferential effects against the tyrosine kinase activity of the protein product of the ABL proto-oncogene, induced hematologic responses in >or=90% of pati...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/shem.2002.36927
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While cure rates of over 80% are achieved in contemporary pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) protocols, most adults with ALL succumb to their disease, and little progress has been made in the treatment of refractory and relapsed ALL. Moreover, the burden of therapy is high in a significant number of newly di...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2008.09.009
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most frequent subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in western countries. High prognostic heterogeneity is observed among patients with DLBCL with long-term survival ranging from 30% to more than 90% according to clinic-biological prognostics such as the International Prognostic ...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2015.01.001
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a bleeding disorder characterized by low platelet counts due to decreased platelet production as well as increased platelet destruction by autoimmune mechanisms. A shift toward Th1 and possibly Th17 cells together with impaired regulatory compartment, including T-regulatory (Tregs) and...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2013.03.011
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder in which the patient's immune system reacts with a platelet autoantigen(s) resulting in thrombocytopenia due to immune-mediated platelet destruction and/or suppression of platelet production. Platelet membrane proteins, for reasons that are unclea...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2007.11.002
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anemia is frequent and significantly adds to the morbidity of cancer patients, and has been associated with decreased quality of life (QOL). Three open-label community-based studies of epoetin alfa in cancer-related anemia (two using three-times-weekly dosing and one using once-weekly dosing) in more than 7,000 patien...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0037-1963(00)90062-3
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who achieve complete remission after induction therapy require post remission therapy (PRT) in order to remain disease free. The role of autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (autoHCT) in the PRT setting is controversial and is largely based on older trials that were ...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2019.01.001
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) has only recently been recognized as a separate biologically defined lymphoma entity. Due to its low incidence, many reports on clinical prognostic factors are limited by small patient numbers. The MCL International Prognostic Index (MIPI) was developed using data of more than 400 patients t...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2011.06.001
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report suggests modest changes in the criteria used for the diagnosis of ET and allows tentative recommendations concerning therapy. As outlined in Table I, we believe that absent stainable marrow iron does not necessarily indicate iron deficiency in these patients and that the serum ferritin and RBC mean corpusc...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) remains a diagnosis of exclusion both from nonimmune causes of thrombocytopenia and immune thrombocytopenia that develops in the context of other disorders (secondary immune thrombocytopenia). The pathobiology, natural history, and response to therapy of the diverse causes...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2008.12.005
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anemia is a common, multifactorial condition among older adults. The World Health Organization (WHO) definition of anemia (hemoglobin concentration <12 g/dL in women and <13 g/dL in men) is most often used in epidemiologic studies of older adults. More than 10% of community-dwelling adults age 65 years and older has W...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2008.06.006
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Various pathways lead to the development of venous thrombosis. Risk factors are common and can be genetic or acquired. Since the identification of factor V Leiden and prothrombin 20210 G-->A, the field of genetic epidemiology has developed rapidly and many new genetic variants have been described in the past decade. H...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2007.01.007
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hydroxyurea (HU) is the first widely used treatment to have an impact on the severity of disease in adult patients with sickle cell anemia, but limited data are available for younger patients or those with variant genotypes. We reviewed 324 months of experience with HU in 16 patients from 5.3 to 18.4 years of age trea...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumor cells from patients with B-cell malignancies exhibit a number of immunophenotypic characteristics that may be responsible for their survival. It has been shown, for example, that down-modulation of CD154 (CD40 ligand), which allows B cells to respond to T cells, may account for some of the immune defects of thes...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While the prevalence of iron deficiency has remained relatively constant, there has been continuing refinement in its laboratory recognition, especially with the recent introduction of serum ferritin and FEP measurements. It is helpful to classify iron deficiency into three stages. Storage iron depletion is identified...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new high-purity recombinant factor VIII preparation has been developed for the treatment of hemophilia A. Structurally, this factor VIII preparation, B-domain deleted recombinant factor VIII (BDDrFVIII), differs from other recombinant and plasma-derived factor VIII preparations in that most of the B-domain has been ...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0037-1963(01)90103-9
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Smoldering myeloma (SMM) is a precursor state of multiple myeloma. It is defined by an M-protein concentration ≥3 g/dL and/or ≥10% clonal bone marrow plasma cells, in the absence of end-organ damage. Based on clinical observations, the natural history of SMM varies greatly, from stable, monoclonal gammopathy of undete...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2010.11.009
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Untreated anemia is common in cancer patients. Previous studies have demonstrated that both the existence of cancer and treatment with chemotherapy can suppress the normal endogenous erythropoietic response to anemia, making some cancer patients transfusion cadidates. In placebo-controlled phase III studies, administr...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The molecular causes of hereditary spherocytosis (HS) have been unraveled in the past decade. No frequent defect is found, and nearly every family has a unique mutation. In dominant HS, nonsense and frameshift mutations of ankyrin, band 3, and beta-spectrin predominate. Recessive HS is most often due to compound heter...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2004.01.002
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Copper is an essential trace element that is required for a number of enzymes which are necessary for normal metabolic function. Metabolic balance studies have demonstrated that daily copper losses are approximately 1.3 mg/day. In order to remain in copper balance, the average adult male must consume a diet which cont...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations. The major causes of treatment failure remain disease relapse and treatment toxicity. However, major advances in biological determinants of disease relapse, development of targeted molecules, improvemen...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2015.03.001
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent advances in haploidentical stem cell transplantation have enabled the use of human leukocyte antigen-half matched related donors for allogeneic stem cell transplantation and helped overcome one of the most important limitation in transplantation, which is donor availability, especially for the non-Caucasian pop...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2018.08.003
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
