Abstract：
:Smoldering myeloma (SMM) is a precursor state of multiple myeloma. It is defined by an M-protein concentration ≥3 g/dL and/or ≥10% clonal bone marrow plasma cells, in the absence of end-organ damage. Based on clinical observations, the natural history of SMM varies greatly, from stable, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)-like disease to highly progressive disease. Using conventional clinical markers, SMM patients can be stratified into clinical risk groups. However, due to considerable molecular heterogeneity, we currently lack reliable markers to predict prognosis for individual SMM patients. Based on the International Myeloma Working Group 2010 guidelines, patients diagnosed with MGUS and SMM should not be treated outside of clinical trials. Overall, treatment trials for MGUS patients are complicated, as these individuals are relatively healthy and the majority has a low life-time risk of progression, especially when other causes of death are taken into account. In contrast to MGUS, early treatment strategies for SMM are particularly attractive, as the rate of progression to multiple myeloma is substantially higher. Until recently, potent drugs with reasonable toxicity profiles have not been available for the development of early multiple myeloma treatment strategies. This review discusses how the integration of novel biological markers and clinical monitoring of SMM could facilitate the development of early treatment strategies for high-risk SMM patients in the future.
journal_name
Semin Hematoljournal_title
Seminars in hematologyauthors
Landgren O,Rajkumar SVdoi
10.1053/j.seminhematol.2010.11.009subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-01-01 00:00:00pages
66-72issue
1eissn
0037-1963issn
1532-8686pii
S0037-1963(10)00112-5journal_volume
48pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an autoimmune disorder in which the patient's immune system reacts with a platelet autoantigen(s) resulting in thrombocytopenia due to immune-mediated platelet destruction and/or suppression of platelet production. Platelet membrane proteins, for reasons that are unclea...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2007.11.002
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Macrocytic anemia, defined as a mean cell volume (MCV) ≥100 fL in adults, has a narrow differential diagnosis that requires evaluation of the peripheral blood smear as well as additional laboratory testing taken in conjunction with clinical information that includes patient history and physical examination findings. T...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2015.06.001
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The farnesyltransferase inhibitors (FTIs) have been shown in early clinical trials to elicit antitumor actions in a broad range of solid and hematologic malignancies. The mechanism of FTI action involves blockade of farnesyltransferase, an enzyme implicated in multiple cell-signaling pathways involved in proliferation...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/shem.2002.35984
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The successful clinical development of thalidomide, bortezomib, and lenalidomide not only transformed the therapeutic management of multiple myeloma (MM) but also catalyzed a renewed interest in the development of additional classes of novel agents for this disease. This review focuses on a series of new therapeutics ...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2009.02.003
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Comprehensive study of the major chromosomal/molecular abnormalities in children and adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has demonstrated prognostic utility for many of these anomalies, to the extent that cytogenetic and molecular genetic evaluations are now required for optimal clinical management of newly...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0037-1963(00)90018-0
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is consensus that human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) is a necessary, albeit not sufficient, causal agent of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). In the past several years, there have been rapid advances in our understanding of HHV-8 infection. In diagnosis, antibody detection is more sensitive than nucleic acid-based techniques. Whi...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/shem.2003.50013
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:CD59 and decay-accelerating factor (DAF) are glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored complement regulatory proteins critical for regulating complement activation on the host cell surface. Defective expressions of CD59 or DAF caused by mutations in the genes coding for these proteins or genes involved in the biosyn...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2018.04.004
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During myeloid differentiation, the pluripotent hematopoietic stem cell passes through several well-defined morphologic stages within the bone marrow. These changes include progressive nuclear segmentation and the acquisition of stage-specific granules. Primary granules appear at the myeloblast stage, and are found in...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:These two issues of the Seminars in Hematology will provide the physician the necessary knowledge to help make sense of this somewhat confusing array of diseases. The subdivisions of MDS reflect the precision of our techniques of dissection, with morphological and histochemical analyses forming the foundation to ident...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa; NovoSeven, Novo Nordisk, Denmark) induces hemostasis in life- and limb-threatening bleeds and in major surgery of hemophilia A and B patients, regardless of inhibitor titer. A total of more than 6,500 patients have been treated, and NovoSeven has been administered in more than...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0037-1963(01)90147-7
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The introduction of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) has dramatically altered the landscape of treatment options available to children and adults with ALL. With complete remission induction rates exceeding 70% in most trials and FDA approval of one CD19 CAR T-cell co...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2020.07.002
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In both normal and abnormal vascular biology, platelet-leukocyte-RBC-EC adhesive and functional interactions appear to play a significant role. The clinical hallmarks of the TTP/HUS syndromes, including prominent platelet aggregation and thrombi without prominent soluble coagulation system activation along with microa...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytogenetic data suggest that acute myeloid leukemia (AML) develops through a process of branching evolution, especially during relapse and progression. Recent genomic data from AML cases using digital sequencing, temporal comparisons, xenograft cloning, and single-cell analysis indicate that most, if not all, AML cas...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2014.08.004
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While the prevalence of iron deficiency has remained relatively constant, there has been continuing refinement in its laboratory recognition, especially with the recent introduction of serum ferritin and FEP measurements. It is helpful to classify iron deficiency into three stages. Storage iron depletion is identified...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The B-cell receptor (BCR) is of critical importance for normal B cells and for the majority of B-cell malignancies, especially chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). The two major subsets of CLL are biologically distinct, being derived from B cells at different stages of differentiation and carrying unmutated (U-CLL) or ...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2014.05.003
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most frequent subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in western countries. High prognostic heterogeneity is observed among patients with DLBCL with long-term survival ranging from 30% to more than 90% according to clinic-biological prognostics such as the International Prognostic ...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2015.01.001
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report suggests modest changes in the criteria used for the diagnosis of ET and allows tentative recommendations concerning therapy. As outlined in Table I, we believe that absent stainable marrow iron does not necessarily indicate iron deficiency in these patients and that the serum ferritin and RBC mean corpusc...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-matched sibling is the treatment of choice in children and young adults with severe aplastic anemia (SAA). However, because only 30% of patients have a suitable donor, more aggressive nontransplant immunosuppressive regimens have been used, with re...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0037-1963(00)90029-5
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/shem.2002.31917
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder of B cells that commonly has a favorable prognosis when treated with either combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy, or chemotherapy alone. However, the prognosis for patients who relapse, or have evidence for refractory disease, is poor and new treatments...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2016.05.011
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mantle-cell lymphoma (MCL) is a lymphoproliferative disorder derived from a subset of naive pregerminal center cells characterized by a nodular or diffuse proliferation of atypical lymphoid cells with a monoclonal B-cell phenotype and coexpression of CD5. Two cytologic variants have been identified, typical and blasti...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only potential cure for most bone marrow (BM) failure syndromes and hemoglobinopathies. Over the past decade, umbilical cord blood (UCB) has been used more frequently as a stem cell source in patients who lack a suitable BM donor. Although graft failure ...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2009.10.004
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both thalidomide and intermittent high-dose dexamethasone are agents with established activity against multiple myeloma. We summarized our experience with thalidomide alone, and then in combination with dexamethasone, for groups of patients with myeloma resistant or relapsing despite standard treatments. Criteria of r...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2003.09.006
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2016.04.009
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Von Willebrand disease (VWD) is the most commonly inherited bleeding disorder, caused by inheritance of a quantitative or qualitative abnormality of von Willebrand factor (VWF). While the majority of patients with VWD are successfully treated with adjunctive therapies or with the synthetic vasopressin analog desmopres...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0037-1963(01)90131-3
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article summarizes clinical results of the Intergroupe Francophone du Myélome (IFM) trials: high-dose therapy (HDT) supported with autologous stem cells improves survival, melphalan 200 mg/m(2) is the best preparative regimen, unpurged peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) are the recommended source of stem cells to...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0037-1963(01)90014-9
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anemia of chronic disease (ACD) or inflammation may be secondary to infections, autoimmune disorders, chronic renal failure, or malignancies. It is characterized by an immune activation with an increase in inflammatory cytokines and resultant increase in hepcidin levels. In addition, inappropriate erythropoietin level...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2013.06.006
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the last two decades quality of life (QoL) and the social challenges of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (allo-HSCT) survivors have been emerging as subjects of extensive research and are now considered as very important aspects in the pretransplant evaluation and management of allo-HSCT recipients. ...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2011.10.004
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a bleeding disorder characterized by low platelet counts due to decreased platelet production as well as increased platelet destruction by autoimmune mechanisms. A shift toward Th1 and possibly Th17 cells together with impaired regulatory compartment, including T-regulatory (Tregs) and...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1053/j.seminhematol.2013.03.011
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Untreated anemia is common in cancer patients. Previous studies have demonstrated that both the existence of cancer and treatment with chemotherapy can suppress the normal endogenous erythropoietic response to anemia, making some cancer patients transfusion cadidates. In placebo-controlled phase III studies, administr...
journal_title：Seminars in hematology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
