Abstract：
OBJECTIVES:To determine IMR trends and regional variations among 47 prefectures in Japan and to identify associated population-based factors. METHODS:We conducted an ecological study of infant mortality rate (IMR) by analyzing publicly available data from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. Outcome measure for trend is the IMR for each of 47 prefectures from 1999 to 2007; for variation, IMRs for 2006 and 2007 in each prefecture were averaged. We considered as covariates prefecture-level variables related to public health, socio-economic status, clinical services and health care facilities. We conducted multivariate statistical analyses to determine covariates most strongly associated with both 1999-2007 IMR trends and 2006-2007 IMR. RESULTS:The mean IMR decreased from 3.42 deaths per 1000 live births (range 2.1 to 5.1) in 1999 to 2.54 (range 1.5 to 4.4) in 2007; reductions were greater in prefectures with higher concentrations of public health nurses (PHNs) and nurses. In 2006-2007, nine prefectures had IMRs ≤ 2.25; eight had IMRs ≥ 3.0. When low-, moderate- and high-IMR prefectures were compared, per capita PHNs, maternal education, centralized water supply and household income were identified as significant covariates. CONCLUSIONS:Both national and prefecture-level IMR in Japan decreased from 1999 to 2007; however, the degree of reduction varied by prefecture. Given that more nurses and PHNs per capita were associated with greater IMR reductions from 1999 to 2007 and more PHNs with lower 2006-2007 IMRs, distribution of preventive health services may play a major role in reducing regional disparities in IMR.
journal_name
J Eval Clin Practjournal_title
Journal of evaluation in clinical practiceauthors
Mishina H,Hilton JF,Takayama JIdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2753.2012.01862.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-10-01 00:00:00pages
849-54issue
5eissn
1356-1294issn
1365-2753journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Appropriate indications for colonoscopy (C) are essential for a rational use of resources. The aim of this study is to evaluate the appropriateness of indication for C according to the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) guidelines and to evaluate whether appropriate us...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2008.00950.x
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several philosophers of medicine have attempted to answer the question "what is disease?" In current clinical practice, an umbrella term "chronic kidney disease" (CKD) encompasses a wide range of kidney health states from commonly prevalent subclinical, asymptomatic disease to rare end-stage renal disease requiring tr...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jep.13018
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Patients can play an important role in reducing health care harm. Finding strategies to encourage patients to take on an active role in issues related to the quality and safety of their care is therefore essential. The aim of this study was to examine patients' and health care professiona...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2011.01688.x
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:This paper reports an initiative which promoted evidence-based practice in pressure risk assessment and management among home nursing clients in Melbourne, Australia. AIM AND OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to evaluate the introduction and uptake of the Australian Wound Management Association Guidelines...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2012.01870.x
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Despite increasing dissemination efforts, many psychotherapists still do not use treatments that are supported by research. Some have claimed that psychotherapists rely more on their clinical intuition than scientific evidence when making treatment decisions, but there is a paucity of res...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01508.x
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A small percentage of emergency department (ED) visitors account for a disproportionate portion of ED visits. Little is known about their relationships with their primary care providers (PCPs). This study compares frequent and infrequent ED visitors' primary care utilization and perceptions of primary care access, con...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jep.12672
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Wristbands are essential for accurate patient identification. Some evidence suggests that missing wristbands is not an infrequent occurrence in acute hospitals. The National Patient Safety Agency (NPSA) has developed guidance on patient identification for hospitals in England and Wales. H...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2008.01004.x
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify and review evidence relating to the measurement properties of published multi-item outcome measures for the conservative management of lateral ligament injuries of the ankle. METHODS:Systematic literature searches were used to identify measures, which were then assessed against pre-defined criter...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2003.00435.x
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE, AIM AND OBJECTIVE:As the prescribing of drugs in secondary care is known to influence prescribing in primary care and because an understanding of prescribers' reasoning is essential for evaluating prescribing appropriateness, the aim of this study was to investigate secondary care doctors' views of appropria...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2008.00963.x
更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the commonest primary hepatic malignancy and the third most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Incidence remains highest in the developing world and is steadily increasing across the developed world. The majority of HCC occurs on a background of cirrhosis, principally cau...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01599.x
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Very few studies have addressed the magnitude of the effect of the condition of the patients and the surgical volume on possible cost savings in coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). The objectives of this study were to analyse and compare the costs of the CABG operating room (OR) between two hospitals, and...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2009.01251.x
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS, AND OBJECTIVES:The patient-centred medical home (PCMH) is an innovative approach to health care reform. Despite a well-established process for recognizing PCMH practices, fidelity to, and/or adaptation of, the PCMH model can limit health care and population health improvements. This study explored the ...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jep.13136
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In modern philosophy, the concept of truth has been problematized from different angles, yet in evidence-based health care (EBHC), it continues to operate hidden and almost undisputed through the linked concept of "bias." To prevent unwarranted relativism and make better inferences in clinical practice, clinicians may...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jep.13010
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS, AND OBJECTIVES:Local health administrators implemented chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and heart failure admission order sets to increase guideline adherence. We explored the impact of these order sets on workflows and guideline adherence in the internal medicine specialty in two Canadian teachin...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jep.13080
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:To measure the impact of French national consensus guidelines on the clinical practices of primary care paediatricians and general practitioners. DESIGN:Non-randomized intervention study, with a first survey 1 year before the consensus development conference and a second survey 1 year after. INTERVENTION:Implemen...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2007.00781.x
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE AND AIMS:Among the problems to the publicly funded national health services are the waiting lists. Patients who need elective surgery generally have long waiting times before treatment. We aimed to develop a new prioritization tool for primary hip and knee replacement. METHODS:Criteria were developed using a...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2006.00733.x
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The notion of stigma and its influence on the understanding of dementia has commonly been recognized as a great challenge to seeking healthcare services for South Asians in England. The aim of this commentary is to examine how Muslims view, understand and tackle dementia stigma in the context of revivalist Islam, espe...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jep.13412
更新日期：2020-05-26 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONAL, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Individual Placement and Support (IPS) is an evidence based strategy for facilitating employment among adults with severe mental illness (SMI) where staff may lead mock job interviews to prepare clients for real-world interviews (a method with limited scalability and cost effectiveness). A...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jep.13292
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:Hospital discharge notes can be used to identify rates of revisions in hip and knee arthroplasty surgeries if such administrative codes are accurate. In order to trust the data taken from the hospital discharge abstracts it is important to assess their reliability. The purpose of this stu...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01622.x
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In Switzerland, there is a dearth of information on the extent to which patients with chronic illnesses receive care congruent with the Chronic Care Model (CCM). To drive quality improvement programmes, it is necessary to have practical assessment tools in the country's own language to evaluate the delivery ...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01511.x
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to examine the use of maternal weight measurements during antenatal care throughout the United Kingdom. A postal questionnaire and follow-up letter were sent to 1500 midwives throughout the United Kingdom, selected at random from the UKCC register. The postal survey achieved a response...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2753.1997.t01-1-00007.x
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although disease management (DM) has been in existence for over a decade, there is still much uncertainty as to its effectiveness in improving health status and reducing medical cost. The main reason is that most programme evaluations typically follow weak observational study designs that are subject to bias, most not...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2005.00573.x
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the evidence for tai chi in reducing resting blood pressure (BP) in the elderly. METHODS:Databases were searched up to February 2009. All randomized clinical trials (RCTs) testing the effects of tai chi on resting BP in the elderly were considered. The selection of studies, data extraction and val...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2009.01210.x
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence-based medicine (EBM) calls for medical practitioners to "integrate" our best available evidence into clinical practice. A significant amount of the literature on EBM takes this integration to be unproblematic, focusing on questions like how to interpret evidence and engage with patient values, rather than cri...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jep.13109
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the variation in prescribing by primary care doctors during the morning and the evening clinics and to determine whether these prescribing patterns are influenced by doctors' training background. METHODS:A retrospective prescription-based study was carried out in 17 out of 20...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2006.00642.x
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Group B streptococcus (GBS) neonatal infection can be prevented by screening pregnant women for GBS colonization from the 34th to the 38th week of gestation, as has been recommended in France since 2001. We assessed guideline adherence among midwives and obstetricians. METHODS:From 2006 to 2008, new and mand...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2011.01658.x
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Metaphors are central to the human understanding of complex issues; through the immediate associations they evoke and frame problems and suggest solutions. Our suggestion of Music in the Park as a metaphor for health systems reform brings to the forefront the environmentally diverse but bounded spaces of hea...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01460.x
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper we reflect upon and problematize the ways in which 'patient involvement' is interpreted in a substantial proportion of the research literature on involvement and shared decision making. Drawing upon an analysis of this literature we raise concerns about the 'medicalization of involvement' embedded in, an...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2011.01725.x
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Research indicates that multifaceted practice development (PD) interventions are more effective than single strategies. However, models of education in health care need to consider cost-effectiveness. OBJECTIVES:This paper presents a research-based, PD theory called the Individual Practice Development Theor...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1365-2753.2010.01618.x
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obese people consume significantly greater amounts of health resources. This study set out to determine if health resource utilization by obese people decreases after losing weight in a comprehensive medically supervised weight management programme. Four hundred and fifty-six patients enrolled in a single-centred, mul...
journal_title：Journal of evaluation in clinical practice
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1365-2753.2002.00320.x
更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00
