Abstract：
:The North American plums are a closely related group that are not easily circumscribed, have overlapping morphologies, and are known to hybridize. We previously showed that the North American plums are a closely related, monophyletic group of taxa with little to no cpDNA sequence divergence between taxa. In that study, we came to the unanticipated conclusion that relationships inferred among the taxa contrast sharply with previously defined groups based on morphological characters. Here the aim was to determine if the primary cpDNA haplotypes identified in our earlier study are confined to the taxa in which they were initially observed. The cpDNA rpL16 intron was sequenced for 207 accessions of the 17 North American plum taxa plus Prunus texana. The results show that many taxa contain more than one of the three primary cpDNA haplotypes. Aside from the results found in sect. Prunocerasus, this study has broader implications for phylogenetics in general. The common practice of choosing a single exemplar to represent a taxon can be profoundly misleading in closely related groups. In hindsight, the possibility existed in our earlier study that we could have chosen a different combination of exemplars, which could have resulted in a different inferred phylogeny.
journal_name
Am J Botjournal_title
American journal of botanyauthors
Shaw J,Small RLdoi
10.3732/ajb.92.12.2011subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-12-01 00:00:00pages
2011-30issue
12eissn
0002-9122issn
1537-2197pii
92/12/2011journal_volume
92pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Nuclear DNA contents (4C) were estimated by Feulgen microdensitometry in 27 species of slipper orchids. These data and recent information concerning the molecular systematics of Cypripedioideae allow an interesting re-evaluation of karyotype and genome size variation among slipper orchids in a phylogenetic context. DN...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The eudicot order Malpighiales contains ∼16000 species and is the most poorly resolved large rosid clade. To clarify phylogenetic relationships in the order, we used maximum likelihood, Bayesian, and parsimony analyses of DNA sequence data from 13 gene regions, totaling 15604 bp, and representing all three genomic com...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.0800207
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) is maternally inherited in the majority, but not all, of angiosperm species. The mode of inheritance of cpDNA is a critical determinant of its molecular evolution and of its population genetic structure. Here, we present the results of investigations of the inheritance of cpDNA in Silene vulgar...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.94.8.1333
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The circumscription and relationships of genera within the tribe Melanthieae (29 representative taxa) were evaluated using parsimony analyses of ITS (nuclear ribosomal) and trnL-F (plastid) DNA sequence data, alone and in combination. Proposed new generic circumscriptions, strongly supported by the tree statistics and...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:• PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The ability to respond to environmental change via phenotypic plasticity may be important for plants experiencing disturbances such as climate change and plant invasion. Responding to belowground competition through root plasticity may allow native plants to persist in highly invaded ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1400234
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Land-use change is cited as a primary driver of global biodiversity loss, with myriad consequences for species, populations, and ecosystems. However, few studies have examined its impact on species interactions, particularly pollination. Furthermore, when the effects of land-use change on pollinati...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1600302
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There have been three periods of significant discovery in the exploration of fern and lycophyte genetics. First, during the 1930s, Andersson-Kottö conducted crossing studies on ferns. The publication of Manton's magnum opus on fern chromosomes in 1950 stimulated the second. The third emerged from Klekowski's 1973 Amer...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3732/ajb.1400317
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Strait of Gibraltar is the most important barrier disconnecting the landmasses of Europe and Africa on the western Mediterranean extreme. Carex helodes is a wind-pollinated species endemic to the western Mediterranean. Because molecular and cytogenetic data allow the inference of its evolutionary history, we analy...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.2007342
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atriplex prostrata Boucher, a facultative halophyte, exhibits significant reduction in height and biomass and in the width of the cortex and vascular tissue under saline conditions. Therefore, the goal of this investigation was to determine the effect of salinity on plant growth as well as on the patterns of lignifica...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We analyzed the effects of temporal variation in floral display size (number of flowers open at one time on a plant) on the rate of pollen removed and receipt of individual flowers for the sequential blooming plant Narthecium asiaticum (Liliaceae). Because of the acropetal blooming of this species, the display sizes w...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.89.3.441
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE:Declines in reproductive capabilities with increasing age are common across the tree of life. However, in plants, mating system traits have rarely been tested for signs of senescence. Since reproduction is often resource limited, we might expect outcrossing and selfing taxa to allocate these resources different...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/ajb2.1346
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Investigations of the Middle Eocene Princeton Chert reveal evidence for the connection of lauraceous flowers to fruits through a developmental series. Youngest fruits are found with attached floral remnants. Later stages show receptacle enlargement, fruit wall thickening, and the development of abundant sclereid clust...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.0800318
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Yucca glauca is a C(3) evergreen rosette species locally common in the C(4)-dominated grasslands of the central Great Plains. Most congeners of Y. glauca are found in deserts, and Y. glauca's morphological similarities to desert species (steeply angled leaves, evergreen habit) may be critical to its success in grassla...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:We isolated and characterized microsatellite markers for the California poppy, Eschscholzia californica, which is an invasive species in central Chile. METHODS AND RESULTS:A total of eight polymorphic and six monomorphic loci were developed for the species. Between one and 12 alleles were observed...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1200076
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:• PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Contact zones between diploids and their autopolyploid descendants represent a unique evolutionary venue for studying polyploid establishment, cytotype coexistence, and interactions. Here, we examine cytotype coexistence in a diploid-tetraploid contact zone of a perennial herb, Cardam...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1500052
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several alpine species have outlying populations in the lowlands and lower mountains north of the Alps. These small, isolated populations are usually described as either (1) glacial relics, (2) descendants from populations living on forelands and moraines during the ice ages, or (3) populations founded by long-distanc...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chromosome numbers and karyotypes of species of Orobanche, Cistanche, and Diphelypaea (Orobanchaceae) were investigated, and 108 chromosome counts of 53 taxa, 19 counted for the first time, are presented with a thorough compilation of previously published data. Additionally, karyotypes of representatives of these gene...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.91.3.439
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Molecular phylogenetic studies of seven plastid DNA regions were used to resolve circumscriptions at generic and infrageneric levels in subfamily Tillandsioideae of Bromeliaceae. One hundred and ten tillandsioid samples were analyzed, encompassing 10 genera, 104 species, and two cultivars. Two species of Bromelioideae...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.92.2.337
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intensified ultraviolet-B radiation or UV-B (wavelengths between 280 and 320 nm) can delay flowering and diminish lifetime flower production in a few plants. Here we studied the effects of enhanced UV-B on floral traits crucial to pollination and pollinator reproduction. We observed simultaneous flowering responses of...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pathways of micro- and megagametophyte development in Agave fourcroydes (henequén) and A. angustifolia were studied. We used histology and light microscopy to observe anther ontogeny and ovary differentiation in relation to flower bud size. Both species have the same sexual reproductive strategies and gametophyte ...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When more pollen is present on stigmas than needed to fertilize all ovules, selection among pollen grains may occur due to effects of both pollen donors and maternal plants. We asked whether increasing plant age and flower age, two changes in maternal condition, altered the pattern of seed paternity after mixed pollin...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.94.3.409
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Although our awareness of ploidy diversity has expanded with the application of flow cytometry, we still know little about the extent to which cytotypes within mixed-ploidy populations are genetically differentiated across environmental gradients. METHODS:To address this issue, we reared 14 popula...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1500146
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Despite being highly fertile and occupying a large geographic region, the North American heartleaf bittercress (Cardamine cordifolia; Brassicaceae) has a puzzling triploid-like chromosome number (2n = 3x = 24). As most triploids are sterile, we embarked on a detailed analysis of the C. cordifolia g...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.1500452
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Floral characteristics such as morphology and flower color have been interpreted as adaptive traits that evolved through selective pressures generated by pollinators. Differences among populations in the expression of floral characters could result from natural selection for their adaptive value to local conditions. W...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.90.3.377
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of chloroplast (cp) DNA is a powerful tool for the study of microevolutionary processes in land plants, yet has not previously been applied to seaweed populations. We used cpDNA-RFLP, detected on Southern blots using labeled total plastid DNA, to search for intr...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gas exchange was measured in two subalpine herbs during alternating periods of sun and shade that simulated natural cloud patterns. Stomatal conductance (g) in the subalpine herb Helianthella quinquenervis was reduced by as much as 75% during 5-min shade periods that ranged in photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD)...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/j.1537-2197.1990.tb13548.x
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:After 120 yr of burial in moist, well-aerated sand, 23 seeds of Verbascum blattaria and two seeds of a Verbascum sp. germinated and produced normal plants (50% germination for Verbascum). After a 6-wk cold treatment, a single seed of Malva rotundifolia germinated also, producing a normal plant (2% germination). Plants...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.89.8.1285
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Nicotiana attenuata, systemic induction of heat-shock proteins (Hsps) was detected in response to the treatment of single leaves by either heat shock, mechanical damage, or exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (MJ). All treatments increased the abundance of members of the 70-kD Hsp (Hsp70) family and induced s...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In spite of the ecological and economic importance of temperate bamboos, relatively little is known about their population biology or evolutionary history. Recently, hybridization has emerged as a potential source of diversity in this group, as well as an underlying cause of taxonomic problems. As part of a broader ph...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.0900244
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We provide an overview of research on climbing plants from Charles Darwin to the present day. Following Darwin's interests, this review will focus on functional perspectives including attachment mechanisms and stem structure and function. We draw attention to a number of unsolved problems inviting future research. The...
journal_title：American journal of botany
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3732/ajb.0900045
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
